The newly completed field tests show that the new approach in coupling models can be successful, producing similar temperature and wind outputs globally. The ESMF enables sharing and comparison of alternative scientific approaches from multiple sources, making it easier to develop realistic representations of the Earth as a system.
Astronomers discover a young star with unprecedented amounts of warm dust near its orbit, where Earth-like planets are most likely to exist. The team believes this could be the result of a massive collision between planet-size objects, potentially forming conditions similar to our own solar system.
Research by Jason Walker found that women make more workplace adjustments than men, leading to scheduling conflicts and time pressures. Public and private sector policies can help maintain employees' ties to the paid labour market while allowing care for family members with chronic health problems.
A comprehensive assessment of smoking cessation services found substantial clinician compliance with guidelines, with most smokers reporting they wanted doctors to discuss cessation at medical visits. However, only a third of motivated smokers asked for help, highlighting the need for improved patient engagement and encouragement.
Recent study examines ELBW infants born in 1992-1995, revealing 64% with chronic conditions, including cerebral palsy, asthma, and low IQ. These children require specialized medical and educational services to manage their needs, highlighting the importance of proactive planning.
A survey of over 115 parents found that 74% had heard of using cranberry for UTI prevention, but few discussed it with pediatricians. Cranberry products were used by 29% to treat or prevent UTIs, often without medical guidance.
A two-year, $1.5 million project will provide fundamental information about sediment translocation in Venice lagoon, using a multidisciplinary approach to analyze geochemical, physical, microbial, toxicological, and ecological science. The research aims to assess the effects of sediment movement on the lagoon's ecosystem.
Researchers found that blocking oxytocin receptors during pregnancy reduced offspring growth and increased delay in milk release. This suggests improving the oxytocin system could encourage longer breast-feeding and support human health.
A study found that insulin resistance is a predictor of congestive heart failure (CHF) in elderly men, independent of diabetes and other established risk factors. Insulin resistance was also associated with more severe disease and a worse prognosis in patients with CHF.
Research reveals peptide signals play a key role in information processing, influencing complex behaviors such as sexual and social behaviors. Alpha-MSH effects male sexual behavior by stimulating oxytocin release from dendrites, changing brain circuitry.
A study of 15,500 middle-aged men and women found that regular yoga practice was associated with a lower weight gain between ages 45 and 55. Those who were already normal weight at age 45 and practiced yoga regularly lost about 3 fewer pounds compared to non-practitioners.
In a unique project, scientists collaborated with Fijian villagers to explore, protect, and generate income from their coral reef. The project involves planting synthetic rock that becomes naturally covered by desirable species, providing villagers with financial benefits.
The UK has seen a significant decline in deaths from volatile substance abuse, with 51 deaths recorded in 2003, the lowest annual total since 1980. Butane cigarette lighter refills were found to be a major contributor to these deaths, particularly among under-18 year olds.
Researchers found that including choline in baby formula during pregnancy can prevent symptoms of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, a condition causing learning disabilities and mental retardation. The study also suggests that monitoring infants' urine flow and vasopressin content could serve as future tests for the condition.
A study of 1,351 deceased women and 2,501 cancer-free women found similar screening rates among both groups. Women with increased risk showed a 26% reduction in mortality, but this was not statistically significant.
The 'Ecce Homology' project uses dynamic media and computer vision to visualize genomic data, making it accessible to the general public. By creating scientifically accurate pictograms of genes and proteins, researchers aim to reduce complexity and facilitate understanding of genomics.
Nutrient supplement experts emphasize the importance of a balanced diet over supplements, highlighting insufficient data on high dose supplementation and potential negative effects.
The British Antarctic Survey has selected a futuristic design for the new research station, which features modular construction and renewable energy sources. The winning design won against three other teams that presented innovative concepts for the challenging construction project on Earth.
Research teams from Tulane, LSU, and University of Edinburgh found that endocannabinoids play a role in regulating the neuroendocrine stress response and influencing social behavior. Endocannabinoids may have potential therapeutic applications in diseases such as multiple sclerosis and epilepsy.
A recent study by Stanford University researchers reveals a complex 'biogeochemical patchwork' of high and low nutrient availability in tropical soils. The study predicts that only about 17% of the landscape is nutrient-poor, with slopes and valley bottoms often as fertile as the most verdant forests.
A new molecule Pep1 has been isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana, a plant species favored for experimentation, and found in various crop species. The Pep1 peptide regulates pathogen defense in plants, increasing their resistance to diseases and enhancing overall growth.
A team of researchers developed a microreactor that continuously regenerates essential cofactors through enzyme-catalyzed reactions, driving favorable reaction equilibria. This innovation enables the efficient biocatalytic synthesis of chiral fine chemicals in larger quantities.
A study analyzed data from 18 published studies on TP53 protein and mortality rates, finding selective reporting biases that may have fabricated strong associations. The authors caution that the findings highlight limitations of current research methods and call for more transparent reporting and better study design.
A recent study has identified mitochondrial acyl-CoA:glycerol-sn-3-phosphate acyltransferase 1 (mtGPAT1) as a trigger for insulin resistance in the liver. The researchers found that mice lacking this enzyme were protected from fatty liver and liver insulin resistance, suggesting mtGPAT1 as a potential therapeutic target.
Researchers detected high concentrations of MTBE in ground water throughout the Northeast US, particularly in urban areas. These findings highlight the potential health risks associated with low levels of MTBE in drinking water.
New study reveals that acute insulin pulses limit fat synthesis in the liver by activating a key molecule called CEACAM1. Regular periods of fasting between meals help maintain a healthy liver by allowing insulin levels to fluctuate.
Researchers presented findings on hormonal signaling systems in the brain, revealing a radical shift in understanding information processing. Oxytocin and vasopressin were found to play key roles in social cognition, anxiety, and schizophrenia, with potential applications for novel psychiatric treatments.
Researchers propose OT and VP as targets for novel psychiatric treatments, including anxiety and schizophrenia therapies. The study suggests that drugs targeting these hormones could offer new approaches to treating debilitating psychiatric disorders.
Researchers found that estrogen triggers molecular activity blocking cardiac hypertrophy, a common cause of heart enlargement and heart failure. The study suggests that estrogen supplements may prevent cardiac hypertrophy in postmenopausal women, continuing a debate on the hormone's role in limiting cardiovascular disease.
The study found that suppressing SIRT1 increases the ability of cells to divide indefinitely without senescence. This discovery has potential applications in generating normal cells for research and could be used in techniques to produce large numbers of cells.
Researchers found that recognizing familiar objects is easier when they appear at the same angle, as this allows for temporary adjustments to the coordinate system. This can lead to improved recognition of misoriented objects, such as a dog shown in the same orientation as another object.
Researchers identify HPV types 16 and 18 as key factors in cervical precancer development, supporting targeted management for high-risk women. Night-shift work linked to increased breast cancer risk, while melatonin levels found to lower risk.
A new study shows that taking antibiotics within two months increases the likelihood of developing resistant bacteria. GPs are responsible for most antibiotic prescriptions in the UK, but may underestimate the individual risk.
Three Johns Hopkins undergraduates built a model airship to test guidance, navigation and control systems for a military surveillance craft. The blimp was designed by APL engineers to conduct surveillance at the outer edge of the Earth's atmosphere, with video camera capabilities.
Scientists with the UF Genetics Institute found that eliminating microRNAs from specific tissues can reveal their vital role in healthy development. The technique may provide insight into human birth defects and has potential applications in studying the function and malfunction of microRNAs, a crucial part of human gene expression.
A study found that hospital report cards using linked administrative databases did not improve acute myocardial infarction (AMI) care quality. The lack of effectiveness may be due to skepticism about the data or the need for more intensive interventions.
GSK researchers have developed non-peptide selective oxytocin receptor antagonists with high affinity for human and rat OT receptors, suppressing myometrial contractions and potentially delaying labor. These compounds may significantly reduce infant morbidity, including lung disease, intraventricular hemorrhage, and death.
Research by Larry Young on voles has shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying social attachment, which may hold clues for understanding autism. The study suggests that oxytocin and vasopressin play a critical role in modulating social behavior and shaping normal adult social behavior.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University found that taking ibuprofen before gum surgery can lead to nearly double the amount of blood loss compared to those who don't take the medication. The study suggests patients should avoid NSAIDs before oral surgeries to minimize bleeding risk.
A study by Professor Sali Tagliamonte found that female adolescents tend to use words like, just, and so more frequently in their conversations as they get older. This language change occurs earlier than in males, with 15- and 16-year-old females using the word 'like' most frequently.
Researchers found that tumor cells use jagged1 protein to interact with endothelial cells, prompting angiogenesis and tumor growth. This discovery could lead to a two-pronged approach to treat cancer by blocking protein secretion and cell contact.
Researchers investigated the roles of PTEN and TSC2 in tumorigenesis and found that TSC2 can suppress specific tumors caused by Pten heterozygosity. However, PTEN is haploinsufficient for repression of carcinogenesis resulting from Tsc2 heterozygosity.
Research by Suraj Commuri and James Gentry found that women earning more than their spouses do not simultaneously earn domestic power, despite previous theories suggesting a shift in decision-making authority. The study highlights the need for further examination of household forms and consumption decisions influenced by factors such a...
A study by University of Illinois researchers found that bicultural participants who viewed Chinese or American cultural icons showed distinct cooperation patterns in a prisoner's dilemma scenario. Chinese icons led to higher levels of cooperation and confidence among friends, while American icons had little impact.
A reconstructive technique successfully corrects severe nasal septal deformities with high functional and aesthetic results. Postoperative complications are rare, and the technique is deemed safe and practical for surgeons dealing with difficult cases.
Research found that children can recognize and discount self-interested statements by age 7, yet struggle to grasp unintentional biases. By age 11, they better understand situational bias as a possible explanation for what people say.
A national survey reveals that many Americans take high doses of vitamin E supplements, despite potential risks, and a study shows that test results are frequently forgotten after hospital discharge. A new study suggests that full coverage for ACE inhibitors would improve health outcomes and save Medicare money.
Researchers found that tumor cells can stimulate blood vessel growth by activating the MAPK pathway and inducing Notch ligand Jagged1, which promotes formation of new vessels. This interplay between tumor cells and blood vessel cells supports tumor growth and progression.
A new biosensor can detect fewer than 100 cells of a pathogen in just half an hour, making it faster and more efficient than traditional gene amplification techniques. The method uses ribosomal RNA to identify specific microbe sequences, allowing for quick identification of illness-causing bacteria.
A U of T study identified barriers to future HIV vaccine acceptance, including concerns about power dynamics, affordability, and stigma. Researchers found that women viewed vaccination as empowering and a way to protect themselves and their children.
Scientists at UC Santa Barbara have made a groundbreaking discovery about the molecular mechanisms that hold human bone together, revealing a 'glue' that absorbs shock and helps prevent fractures. The findings may lead to new therapies for bone fracture treatment and prevention.
A study of 157 head and neck surgery cases found that time under general anesthesia (TUGA) was a significant predictor of surgical complications and hospital length of stay. Despite initial concerns, age alone did not increase the risk of complications, contrary to previous assumptions.
A team of researchers has developed a high-throughput method using GFT-NMR to solve protein structures in just 10-20 days per protein. This breakthrough could lead to major advancements in structural biology, enabling the study of membrane proteins and developing new medicines.
Researchers have discovered a key gene controlling how leaves close their surface pores, leading to improved understanding of plant responses to climate. This finding has significant implications for crop breeding and studying evolutionary responses to drought.
A new technique manipulates laser light to create decoy signals, distracting eavesdroppers and protecting secret messages. This development has immediate commercial applications, improving the security of fibre-optic communications.
A new open loop control system enables efficient energy conversion in low wind speeds, providing a viable alternative for remote locations. The device, designed by Dr. Andy Knight, is built with cheap and easy-to-find components and can produce electric energy from winds as low as 10 km/h.
This study examines how language gender systems impact brand attitudes and evaluations. In Spanish, consistent formal markers enhance brand recall, while semantic associations drive brand evaluation. In English, formal cues determine initial brand name gender, but congruent semantic associations improve brand evaluations and recall.
Researchers found that parasite costs and virulence depend on the infection status of competitors, with infected individuals doing better when paired with an infected competitor. High prevalence of infection in a population means healthy larvae face less competition, leading to improved development and survival.
Researchers found that individuals with lower inhibitory ability were more prone to socially inappropriate behavior, even in low-pressure situations. The study suggests that our ability to suppress true feelings is disrupted under demanding conditions, affecting social etiquette and potentially career advancement.
Patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery had lower levels of inflammatory markers CRP and IL-6 compared to conventional surgery. The levels of natural killer cells were also significantly higher in laparoscopic surgery patients.