RHIC scientists observe intriguing data in gold-gold collisions, indicating the presence of a new form of matter. The copper experiments will provide control data to help understand how this phenomenon is produced and controlled.
Researchers at Northwestern University propose a new theory that challenges the widely accepted model of long-term memory storage. According to this new theory, memories are stored through a dynamic and meta-stable process, rather than permanent representation in the brain.
Researchers discovered three distinct scattering patterns as alky-thiol density increased, indicating different degrees of molecular order. The tilted phase exhibits crystalline patterns despite the disordered liquid nature of the underlying mercury.
The Georgia Medicaid program implemented a prior-authorization program for anti-ulcer drugs, resulting in a net savings of $20.6 million. The program increased the use of generic histamine type-2 antagonists and decreased PPI drug expenditures by $30.9 million.
The concentration of people and wealth in underground spaces poses significant risks from floods, tsunamis, and other extreme events. Modeling catastrophic events is crucial for designing contingencies such as evacuations and emergency containment.
Researchers at Texas A&M University have successfully levitated micron-sized fluids using small magnets on a postage-stamp sized chip. This innovation enables the control of tiny droplets and crystals, opening up possibilities for future research in DNA manipulation, nanotubes, and other areas.
Dr. Erkki Ruoslahti's pioneering work on cell adhesion has led to significant discoveries in cancer biology and its applications to various diseases. His contributions have elucidated the etiology and developed therapy for serious conditions like malignant tumors, heart attack, stroke, and osteoporosis.
A recent study published in the journal Cell has found that over 30% of human genes are controlled by RNA molecules, providing new insights into gene regulation. The researchers used computational methods to identify microRNAs that target specific genes, revealing a vast network of regulatory interactions.
Researchers have identified a previously unknown sequence on the human Y chromosome, containing eight potentially active genes. This discovery suggests that segmental duplications in pericentromeric regions may be underrepresented in current genome sequences.
Researchers found mitochondrial DNA mutations in 12% of prostate cancer samples and 7.8% of general population controls, with increased tumor growth and oxygen radical production in mutant cells. These findings suggest a causal link between mtDNA mutations and prostate cancer development, particularly in African men.
Researchers at UCSD have discovered a unique structure in abalone shells that can provide the basis for lightweight and effective body armor. The shells' layered structure, made of calcium carbonate tiles held together by protein adhesive, is theoretically the toughest arrangement possible.
Researchers at NYU developed a mathematical model that replicates the complex network of molecular interactions within a cell's circadian clock. The study found that rapid binding and unbinding of regulatory molecules is crucial for accurate timekeeping, contradicting the notion that more molecules lead to better accuracy.
Researchers found that chiral compounds, including organophosphates and synthetic pyrethroids, pose previously uncalculated toxic risks due to their biologically different behaviors. Using just the active isomer can achieve similar pest control with reduced chemical use and environmental benefits.
Researchers found an extensive system of dendritic cells throughout the intestinal tract that take up bacteria and other antigens. This discovery could lead to a better understanding of conditions like Crohn's Disease and ulcerative colitis, as well as the development of new vaccines.
Researchers have sequenced the genomes of two closely related strains of Cryptococcus neoformans, a fungus that causes life-threatening infections in people with impaired immunity. The study revealed surprising similarities between the two strains, despite their different levels of virulence.
A study models the hospital's entire system to identify bottlenecks and high-priority strategies for improving patient flow. Engineering techniques aim to optimize triage, scheduling, and resource allocation to reduce delays and costs.
The 'Public Services' programme will examine costly and complex services such as healthcare and education, with a focus on quality, performance, and delivery. Researchers aim to use scientific analytical research to understand the realities of public services and their unintended effects.
A new study by Brown University researchers has discovered a chemical modification that activates the STAT3 protein, which is important for embryonic growth and development. This continuous activation causes breast and prostate cells to develop and move through the body, leading to cancer. The research team found that acetylation, anot...
The global prevalence of high blood pressure is expected to increase from a quarter to a third by 2025, totaling over 1 billion adults. Developing countries are projected to bear the brunt of this increase, with three-quarters of the world's population with high blood pressure in these regions.
Researchers have mapped the genome of Cryptococcus neoformans, a fungus that causes severe inflammation of the brain in people with HIV and those taking chemotherapy or steroid treatments. The study identified 30 new genes involved in the fungus's biosynthesis, offering potential targets for treatment.
Researchers used Mendelian randomization to investigate the link between homocysteine levels and stroke risk. They found that individuals with a specific genetic variation had higher homocysteine levels and increased stroke risk, suggesting a potential role for folic acid and B vitamins in preventing strokes.
Astronomer Dr. Schaefer has discovered a long-lost star catalog of Hipparchus, an ancient Greek astronomer, on the Roman statue Farnese Atlas. The catalog, which dates back to 129 B.C., was previously thought to be lost and its accuracy questioned.
A workshop at the British Academy in London explores how governments can balance transparency with sensitive information requests. Experts argue that forcing officials to disclose procedures and utilizing information commissioners can help mitigate worst effects of secrecy.
Researchers identified adherence to medication regimen as key factor in developing HIV drug resistance. High adherence levels were associated with faster development of resistance, emphasizing the importance of strict medication adherence in maintaining treatment efficacy.
Researchers from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have detected a unique 2175 Å wavelength feature in interstellar grains within interplanetary dust particles. The feature is carried by carbon and amorphous silicate grains, abundant in IDPs, which may help explain how some IDPs formed from interstellar materials.
A study by Andrew Bakun and Scarla Weeks found that overfishing sardines can prevent phytoplankton population explosions, which release methane and hydrogen sulfide. The authors warn that areas around California and Africa are at risk of a tipping point, where upwelling processes intensify climate change.
Researchers have discovered two candidate planets orbiting white dwarfs, which are the remnants of dead stars. The team used a combination of telescopes to detect these planets, which could provide clues about the solar system's formation and the presence of life in the galaxy.
Researchers are evaluating the effectiveness of BAY43-9006 alone and paired with gemcitabine in a phase II clinical trial for metastatic pancreatic carcinoma. The trial aims to add much-needed treatment options for this aggressive cancer, which affects approximately 27,000 deaths annually in the US.
A research team has discovered clusters of aluminum atoms that exhibit chemical properties similar to single atoms of metallic and nonmetallic elements when reacting with iodine. The discovery enables the creation of unique compounds with distinct properties.
The LISA mission will detect low-frequency gravitational waves from the merger of compact objects like stellar-size black holes and neutron stars. By measuring tiny changes in the motion of freely falling test masses, scientists can study these events with unprecedented precision.
A recent study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation found a significant link between heart failure and weight loss. The researchers discovered that angiotensin II inhibits IGF-1 signaling in skeletal muscle, leading to muscle loss, which is reversed by IGF-1 expression.
Temperate grasslands like the Great Plains suffer from inadequate land protection, with species-rich ecosystems and habitats for imperiled species at risk. Temperate conifer forests in regions like the Northwest U.S. exhibit robust conservation efforts, even amidst relatively low levels of development.
Scientists have discovered a gene that acts as a 'brake' on hair-cell regeneration in the inner ear. By deleting this gene, hair cells can proliferate and potentially regenerate, providing new hope for treating age-related hearing loss. This breakthrough opens up new avenues for research and potential clinical applications.
Heavy marijuana smokers face an increased risk of respiratory problems and are more likely to require medical services for these issues. The study suggests that the additive effect of marijuana on lung health is a significant concern for public health.
A new institution is proposed to measure and prioritize all major global threats, enabling governments to formulate informed policies. The World Institute for Risk Evaluation (WIRE) would gather evidence, quantify risks, and provide data-driven conclusions.
Astronomers using the Gemini South telescope in Chile have observed new details in the dusty disk surrounding Beta Pictoris, showing a large collision between planetary-sized bodies may have occurred as recently as the past few decades. The mid-infrared observations provide evidence for energetic encounters during planetary formation.
Scientists at British Antarctic Survey tracked albatross migration patterns using tiny logging devices, revealing that over half of birds made round-the-world journeys in just 46 days. The study provides crucial information for governments and fisheries commissions to implement measures reducing bird deaths by up to 95%.
A study at University College London found that macrophage inflammatory protein-1a plays a crucial role in allergic responses. Drugs blocking MIP-1a's binding to its receptors could help treat ocular allergy and other diseases.
Researchers at Washington University have discovered that organic carbon and amorphous silicates in interstellar grains embedded within interplanetary dust particles are the carriers of the astronomical 2175 Å extinction line. This finding solves a 40-year-old mystery, providing evidence for the origins of this feature.
A study by Northwestern Memorial HealthCare found that non-cardiologists prescribed fewer medications to heart patients, including ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers, than cardiologists. The study suggests that cardiologists are more likely to order diagnostic tests without increasing hospital stays.
A new study by OHSU researchers suggests that two types of iron nanoparticles can effectively degrade carbon tetrachloride, a toxic contaminant in groundwater. The study found that one type of nanoparticle quickly and effectively broke down carbon tetrachloride into harmless products.
The Alliance for Taxpayer Access urges NIH to provide timely and complete access to its research, citing the importance of public investment in medical innovation. A delayed announcement on enhanced public access to NIH research has disappointed patient advocates and researchers.
The study identifies a protein called ASF/SF2 as a regulator of calcium enzyme responsible for heart contraction and tissue growth. The researchers found differences in male versus female mice, with males experiencing greater disease and dying earlier.
Researchers at CERN and European universities have re-evaluated the primary reaction creating carbon in stars, modifying the rate of this process. The findings suggest that the amount of carbon produced in the first stars was twice as fast as previously thought, with implications for element production in supernovae.
Hair cell regeneration is a promising approach to treating hearing loss and related neurodegenerative disorders. Researchers have discovered that specific genes, including Rb, play a crucial role in halting the cell cycle, allowing for hair cell regeneration.
This article discusses distal fluvio-lacustrine volcaniclastic resedimentation in central Japan and its tectonic implications. Additionally, sedimentology on Macquarie Island reveals fossil ridge-transform intersections, while high-resolution C-isotope stratigraphy sheds light on mid-Neoproterozoic climate change in the Grand Canyon. T...
Azevedo's research reveals surprisingly simple cell lineages in small invertebrates, contradicting long-held assumptions about developmental complexity. The findings suggest a more universal approach to analyzing organism development using computer programs.
Species diversity varies greatly across tropical and temperate regions due to differing ecological pressures. Higher rates of evolutionary diversification may contribute to observed gradients in richness.
The study models seasonal distribution of BOD and DIN to identify areas at greatest risk for low water quality. Unmanaged shrimp mariculture development leads to increased BOD and DIN, causing oxygen depletion and harming aquatic life.
Researchers found that leukemia cells overexpress Lyn enzyme, allowing them to evade apoptosis. Inhibiting Lyn activity restored normal cell death processes and decreased malignant cell growth.
A scientist at the Marine Biological Laboratory has published a study showing that a combination of pollutants bromoform, chloroform, and tetrachloroethylene can alter nerve cell growth in clam embryos. The study found increased production of an enzyme involved in neural development, which may be linked to neurological disorders such a...
A random screening of 19 approved human medications revealed that anticonvulsants like ethosuximide and trimethadione increased lifespan in C. elegans worms by delaying age-related declines in neuro-muscular activity.
A study reveals tobacco companies' strategies to counteract research linking tobacco smoke to cancer-causing mutations in the p53 gene. The industry supported studies that appeared to cast doubt on this link, raising concerns about conflicts of interest and the integrity of scientific research.
Campylobacter jejuni, a common bacterial cause of diarrhea in the US, exploits human cells for nutrients and causes disease through gene regulation changes. Researchers have identified CJ1461 as a critical protein involved in this process, offering hope for developing treatments and vaccines.
Astronomers have uncovered a population of infant stars in the Milky Way satellite galaxy, the Small Magellanic Cloud, using NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope images. The youngest stars are half the mass of our Sun and still forming from gravitationally collapsing gas clouds.
A study published in Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine found that the prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapy use remained steady among US adults between 1997 and 2002. The total number of Americans using any CAM therapy remained at 72 million, with changes seen in the choice of therapies used.
A new study suggests that rotary blood pumps may be effective in children with heart failure, potentially saving thousands of lives by sustaining heart function until recovery or transplantation. Researchers believe the technology has the potential to improve treatment outcomes for pediatric patients.
The debate focuses on the causes of PE, which can be attributed to either psychological factors or underlying medical conditions. Medical therapies, such as PDE-5 inhibitors and anti-depressants, have shown significant success in treating the condition.
Researchers developed carbon nanotube-based composite materials to maximize frictional damping in mechanical systems. The findings show that these materials can effectively reduce vibration and energy dissipation, making them a promising solution for various applications.
Astronomers have discovered a dwarf galaxy surrounded by a gigantic, pristine hydrogen gas disk. The large reservoir of unprocessed matter may hold clues to the early universe's formation.