A study by Mount Sinai School of Medicine found that mice fed a reduced carbohydrate diet slowed disease progression, with anti-amyloidogenic activities increased and plaque development prevented. The findings provide a possible mechanism for caloric reduction to prevent Alzheimer's disease.
A new assessment tool provides comprehensive data on home care quality, identifying areas for improvement. The 22 measures cover processes and outcomes, revealing that no single provider excels in all aspects.
A NYU physicist has isolated the first source of ultra-high energy cosmic particles using a new analysis technique. The discovery provides a breakthrough for cosmic ray astronomy, allowing researchers to study material particles from the distant universe in greater detail.
Researchers aim to understand the growth and spread of breast cancer by targeting tumor stem cells, which are hypothesized to perpetuate cancer growth. The project may lead to a critical adjunct therapy targeting these cells.
A study by Penn State found that high added sugar intake in preschoolers leads to low consumption of essential nutrients and food groups. Children with high added sugar levels had the lowest intake of vitamins, minerals, grains, vegetables, fruits, and dairy products.
Researchers used FUSE data to detect spectrum of ultraviolet light in region with no star, revealing light scattering from dust near bright star. The team hopes to use high spectral resolution to study diffuse background radiation and understand the nature of interstellar dust.
Researchers at the University of Virginia Health System have discovered a protein called Chd1 that recognizes a flag on histones and attracts other proteins to turn genes on. This finding sheds light on how chemical information carried on histones is recognized and read during gene regulation.
Researchers create a system that takes chaotic reports from the field and transforms them into useful information for decision-makers and emergency responders. The system, undergoing beta testing, is designed to suggest likely scenarios and provide confidence measures within minutes of receiving initial reports.
Researchers have developed an imaging chip that can capture images with more detail, even under harsh lighting conditions. The new device uses a software program called Shadow Illuminator to balance exposure and improve contrast, revealing hidden textures and details in images.
Chronic pain is classified as a disease due to its definition in the Oxford English dictionary and persistence beyond initial symptoms. The financial costs of chronic pain are significant, comparable to those of cancer and heart disease.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College have developed a fast-acting anthrax vaccine that uses gene transfer technology to provide rapid immunity. The new vaccine works quickly, granting mice immunity within 12 to 18 hours of vaccination and may be used in combination with active vaccines for enhanced protection.
A team of researchers uses the Keck laser system to observe distant galaxies in unprecedented detail, finding that some systems exhibit old stars despite recent mergers. This discovery challenges prevailing theories of galaxy formation and may help explain the existence of large galaxies with little young star population.
Research on Neoproterozoic low-latitude sedimentary rocks reveals that tropical oceans were likely very cold during the Cryogenian period, leading to widespread sea ice. In contrast, a Cretaceous alluvial sequence provides evidence of long-term amplification of the global hydrologic cycle and greenhouse climate signals.
Researchers have identified a potential therapeutic application for the new drug Nifrolidine in treating nicotine addiction and Alzheimer's disease. The study found that Nifrolidine binds to specific brain receptors implicated in these conditions, offering hope for early diagnosis and treatment.
The simulation reveals how tsunamis strike coastlines with devastating force, deforming sea water and affecting the earth's surface. The Cornell Multigrid Coupled Tsunami model, or COMCOT, calculates sea surface elevation based on earthquake data and topography.
Scientists have found that climate change is a major contributing factor to droughts' increasing frequency and severity, with rising temperatures accounting for almost half of the global trend. The study used a unique analysis to estimate how much of the global trend in soil moisture was due solely to warming-induced evaporation.
A large cohort study found that elevated fasting serum glucose levels and diabetes are associated with an increased risk of all cancers and specific cancers, including pancreatic cancer, in men and women in Korea. The study suggests that hyperinsulinemia may be a pathway by which obesity increases cancer risk.
A trio of massive young star clusters embedded in a cloud of stars offers clues about the birth of super-star clusters. The discovery suggests that these large groups could be formed by the merger of smaller clusters. By studying this phenomenon, scientists can better understand the formation and evolution of super-star clusters.
Research among 2,790 East London adolescents reveals strong associations between mental health and home and social situations. Those with strong social support, harmonious relationships, and positive perceptions of local amenities had better mental health.
A 9.0 earthquake off the coast of Indonesia shifted the North Pole by centimeters and decreased the length of day by 2.68 microseconds, according to NASA scientists. The quake also slightly changed the planet's shape and affected its oblateness.
A study of 69 patients with rectal tumors found that carefree individuals took longer to recognize cancer symptoms due to low anxiety sensitivity. They also reported better overall health despite being seriously ill. The research suggests a different approach is needed to encourage these individuals to seek medical attention.
Researchers at Rice University have discovered that nanoshells can amplify the Raman signature of molecules, allowing for the detection of as little as a few molecules of a target substance. The individual nanoshells act as independent Raman enhancers, creating opportunities for all-optical nanoscale sensors.
A new study found that asylum seekers in the UK are often left homeless due to inadequate social security benefits and housing. The researchers are calling for increased support and better living conditions for these vulnerable individuals.
Scientists have discovered minerals in comet dust similar to those found on Earth, providing insights into the solar system's formation. The Spitzer space telescope has captured detailed images of Comet Encke, helping researchers model how comets eject particles as they orbit the sun.
A recent study published in JAMA found that long-term high consumption of red and processed meat is associated with an increased risk of colon cancer. The study, which included over 148,000 adults, also found that poultry and fish consumption was inversely linked to colon cancer risk.
The new technique uses gamma camera technology to detect smaller breast lesions and improve cancer diagnosis, particularly in women with dense breast tissue. The study found a high sensitivity rate of 86% for detecting small breast tumors, outperforming conventional gamma cameras.
High school and college students can now simulate Earth's climate changes using NASA's EdGCM model, which includes a 3-D climate computer model and scientific visualization tools. The model allows students to conduct experiments identical to those run by scientists, promoting hands-on learning about climate science.
Alan Hall's work on Rho and Rac GTPases is crucial for understanding how epithelial tumour cells become metastatic. Svante Pääbo receives the Louis-Jeantet Prize for medicine to study genes involved in human evolution, including FOXP2 related to speech development.
The Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics Prize honors outstanding papers published between September 2002 and August 2004. Winners receive a $2,500 honorarium and travel stipend to attend the American Physical Society meeting in Los Angeles.
A study found that US Army personnel deployed to eastern Afghanistan between June and September 2002 had a significant risk of malaria infection upon return. The researchers identified 38 patients infected with malaria, resulting in an attack rate of 52.4 cases per 1,000 soldiers.
The Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory has unveiled a new comparative toxicogenomics database, integrating gene sequences, chemicals, and references to provide insights into gene-chemical interactions. This resource will help predict toxicity and understand the genetic basis of differences in responses to chemical exposures amon...
A K-State engineering professor studied rural highway crashes in Kansas, finding four key factors that consistently contribute to fatalities: driving under the influence, speeding, not using a seat belt, and being ejected from the vehicle. The study's findings have practical implications for introducing a primary seat belt law and emph...
Wildlife species are declining at an alarming rate due to habitat loss, poaching, and pollution. Scientists from the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) have developed a new method using satellite technology to monitor endangered populations in hard-to-reach locations.
A new study reveals that genetics, not environment, determines an ant's role in the colony. Harvester ants from southeastern Arizona and New Mexico show a surprising tendency to produce sterile workers when mating with males from different genetic lineages.
Women physicians are drawn to temporary jobs for schedule flexibility, while men prefer part-time work. The study found 85% of LT physicians were board-certified, raising concerns about the future of healthcare staffing if more women choose temporary jobs.
The SDSS team detected ripples in the galaxy distribution made by sound waves, providing evidence that galaxies grew via gravity. The findings support the standard cosmological model and provide insights into dark matter and dark energy's properties.
A large European study found no association between vegetable and fruit intake and reduced breast cancer risk. The researchers analyzed data from 285,526 women and reported no significant associations for six specific vegetable subgroups.
A 10-year study of 1,298,385 Koreans found that high sugar levels were associated with higher death rates from all cancers combined. The strongest associations were for pancreatic cancer in men and liver and cervix cancers in women.
Researchers found that Saharan dust increases the number of cloud condensation nuclei, leading to smaller cloud droplets and reduced rainfall. The study also showed that the dust affects thunderstorm anvils, impacting sunlight and warming temperatures over time.
The new guidelines recommend a stepwise approach to asthma care, monitoring medication intensity based on severity. Asthma exacerbations during pregnancy pose risks to both mother and fetus, highlighting the importance of asthma management.
A new lensless imaging technique has been demonstrated, allowing for direct imaging of ultra-fast changes in the collective behavior of atoms and molecules at the nanoscale. The technique uses coherent X-ray light to achieve 10 times better spatial resolution than current methods.
A study published by Imperial College London researchers suggests that around 70 future cases of vCJD may arise from consuming BSE-infected beef, with a total of up to 600 deaths. However, the team believes this is unlikely due to low reported clinical cases in other genetic groups.
A new study published in Nutrition Reviews finds that a vegetarian diet can lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of stroke, heart attack, and kidney failure. By analyzing 80 scientific studies, researchers found that individual patients experience blood pressure-lowering effects from a plant-based diet.
A new study suggests that insufficient sleep may be a contributing factor to weight gain and the development of metabolic syndrome. This condition increases the risk of serious diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
The Gemini Observatory has released three striking new images showcasing the 'Fireworks Galaxy', an interacting galaxy pair, and an extremely active stellar nursery. These images highlight the prolific galaxy NGC 6946, which is ablaze with galactic fireworks fueled by the births and deaths of multitudes of brilliant, massive stars.
Astronomers use Hubble's Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer to observe a faint companion object orbiting a relatively bright young brown dwarf star. The observations provide strong evidence for the existence of an extrasolar planet, which is estimated to be about five times the mass of Jupiter.
Fewer than half of patients had received at least one screening test more than six months prior to diagnosis. Patients with a history of screening had earlier stage and presumably more treatable disease, highlighting the underuse of colorectal procedures in clinical practice.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University and Pria Diagnostics LLC collaborate to develop a portable device that can quickly detect infectious diseases and biological agents. The device, which aims to produce its first portable HIV monitor within two years, utilizes microfluidic devices and micro-optical fluorescence spectroscopy.
Researchers at Queen's University have discovered the mineral ikaite in ancient marine sedimentary rocks, suggesting that the ocean was colder than previously thought. The study challenges the 'Snowball Earth' hypothesis and proposes an alternative explanation for the formation of this mineral.
A study of physicians' experiences with religious conflicts in medicine found that certain cases can push doctors over the threshold towards negotiation and persuasion. Doctors described strategies such as encouraging prayer as an adjunct to medicine or appealing to the patient's religious community to navigate these tensions.
Researchers found a high concentration of X-ray sources near the Galactic center, suggesting multiple black holes are present. The presence of these black holes is consistent with the theory that stellar-mass black holes can sink toward the center of the galaxy through dynamical friction.
Researchers found that statins may break down toxic amyloid-beta by inhibiting the Rho/ROCK pathway, which could lead to new anti-amyloid drug targets. The study suggests that statins may be a promising strategy in treating Alzheimer's disease.
A study of 21 physicians found that patients often refuse medical recommendations for religious reasons, particularly in situations with moderate treatment benefits. Physicians should practice candid, respectful dialogue to negotiate accommodations with patients while respecting their differing worldviews.
New York interventional cardiologists opt out of treating critically ill patients if their death would negatively impact their state mortality report card. The study found that 83% of respondents believed patients who benefit from angioplasty may not receive the procedure due to public reporting of physician-specific mortality rates.
A study of over 1,100 children in Alberta found that those who entered Grade 1 at an older age scored better on tests measuring self-esteem years later. This is due to the relative age effect, where older children generally enjoy more success in competitive programs.
Astronomers have discovered a candidate planetary companion to a relatively bright young brown dwarf star located 225 light-years away in the southern constellation Hydra. The object, detected by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, is estimated to be about five times the mass of Jupiter and orbits its host at a 99% confidence level.
The Chicago Biomedical Consortium has awarded a $1.5 million grant to the University of Illinois Chicago for its Proteomics/Bioinformatics Demonstration Project. This project will utilize advanced technology, including a Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometer, to study proteins and their interactions.
Researchers found that warming swordfishes' eyes allows them to process visual information faster than cooled eyes, giving them a significant edge over prey. By heating their eyes, swordfishes retain the ability to spot quickly moving objects, enabling successful hunts in cold water.
Astronomers discovered a dense stellar graveyard with thousands of X-ray sources within 70 light years of the Milky Way's center. The discovery supports the idea that dynamical friction could create a massive population of stellar-mass black holes.
Researchers have discovered FK Comae Berenices, a rare fast-rotating yellow giant with high levels of coronal magnetic activity. The star's rotation is roughly 200 miles per second, making it an 'extreme case' of sun-like magnetic activity.