Charles Townes, 89, won the 2005 Templeton Prize for his investigations into microwave properties and co-invention of the laser. His research has led to numerous inventions and discoveries in medicine, telecommunications, and other areas.
Researchers have discovered that a meteorite traveling at a slower velocity than previously thought formed Meteor Crater. The study reveals that atmospheric drag slowed down the fragments, causing them to crumble and slow more, resulting in little to no melting of the surrounding rocks.
Researchers at the University of Utah Health have created a genetically engineered mouse model that closely mimics age-related macular degeneration and Stargardt disease. The study provides a promising platform for testing treatment strategies such as cell transplantation, gene therapy, and pharmaceuticals.
Researchers have successfully treated an animal model of alpha-mannosidosis, a rare genetic disorder that causes severe mental retardation and skeletal abnormalities, with gene therapy. The treatment restored damaged neurons and improved brain function in cats with the disease.
Dr. Hausen receives the IADR Distinguished Scientist Award for his pioneering work in Community Dentistry and caries risk assessment prevention. His research has inspired junior faculty members and influenced public oral health policies in Finland and beyond.
Researchers have found that Canada's Arctic ice caps and glaciers are thinning at lower elevations due to increased melting. The study suggests that these changes contribute significantly to global sea level rise, with an estimated 0.065 millimeters per year added to sea levels during the 1995-2000 period.
Researchers developed a new scale to predict recovery of consciousness from coma after brain injury. The Disorders of Consciousness Scale (DOCS) accurately detected improvements, declines, and plateaus in neurobehavioral functioning.
Dr. Somerman received the award for her outstanding contributions to oral biology research, recognized as the Association's highest honor. The IADR Research in Oral Biology Distinguished Scientist Award is one of 15 bestowed annually by the IADR.
Dr. Rozier has made significant contributions to dental public health, developing methods and findings to improve basic public health core functions and access to dental care for disadvantaged populations. He also conducted research on effective public health interventions to promote oral health and prevent dental diseases.
Dr Hylander's pioneering research on mandible mechanics and jaw joint loading has significantly advanced the field of craniofacial biology. His work has been widely applied and recognized with awards including the NIH Merit Award.
A study by Duke University researchers found that moderate inhalation anesthetic exposure during pregnancy may not be deleterious to the fetus. The exposure improved cerebral oxygenation in the developing fetus, suggesting a potential benefit for pregnant women undergoing general anesthesia.
Dr. Curtis has received the Basic Research in Periodontal Disease Award for his outstanding contributions to understanding bacterial protease function and glycosylation of bacterial virulence determinants. The award recognizes his work in developing novel antimicrobial strategies against periodontal pathogens.
Professor Johnson is awarded the IADR Oral Medicine and Pathology Research Award for his significant contributions to dental caries, periodontal diseases, and oral cancer research. He has also made a notable impact on oral cancer prevention through his advocacy.
Professor Kidd's extensive research has significantly impacted the development of early caries detection methods and treatment planning. Her work has been instrumental in shaping best practices for treating dental caries, with a focus on practical clinical applications.
Professor Magloire has made significant contributions to odontoblast biology, including characterizing replacement populations and developing novel culture systems. His research has shown the role of TGFβ and new gene profiles involved in odontoblast differentiation and mechanosensitivity.
Researchers at NYU and MSKCC have discovered a conformational switch in DNA that changes the way carcinogens bind to p53 genes, potentially leading to cancer. The study sheds light on how environmental chemical carcinogens, including those found in cigarette smoke, can induce mutations and cancer.
The Cassini mission has captured high-resolution images of Titan, revealing a geologically young surface with signs of tectonic resurfacing and erosion by liquid hydrocarbons. The surface features complex patterns, including channels and linear boundaries, indicating ongoing geological processes.
Forensic bite-mark matching has been criticized due to its fallibility and distortion problems. A new approach using 3D imaging has shown promise in improving accuracy, but with a 15% chance of incorrect matches. The technology could be useful in courtrooms for illustrating the likelihood of a match.
The Research in Prosthodontics and Implants Award honors Dr. Naert's contributions to prosthodontics through his extensive clinical studies and biomechanical analysis. His work has significantly impacted the practice of implant dentistry.
A new study by Stanford University scientists presents direct evidence linking large-scale coastal farming to massive algal blooms in the sea. Highly productive regions of the ocean are found to be more vulnerable to agricultural runoff than assumed.
The American Physiological Society has awarded young investigators in various fields of physiological research, including respiratory physiology and epithelial renal physiology. These awards recognize outstanding promise in the field and support research that could lead to advances in stem cell therapy and gene treatment.
A study by Washington University researchers found that husbands' education levels have a greater impact on migration patterns than wives', with power couples more likely to move to large cities. The study suggests that women can expect ongoing disparities in professional salaries, as the continued presence of trailing wives contribute...
The 'Dig Manchester' project has seen the community come together to uncover history, with businesses donating goods in kind and a sense of community pride emerging. The three-year programme will also involve similar projects in Northenden and Wythenshawe, aiming to promote local heritage and regeneration.
Researchers found that P putida can transform mustard by-product toxins, decreasing their levels by up to 83%. This biotechnological method offers maximum environmental safety by degrading pollutants into harmless products. The bacteria strain could be used in plant-microbial associations for future remediation of contaminated soils.
Scientists at PNNL discovered that micron-wide dust particles encrusted with molecularly gluey ice enabled planets to bulk up quickly enough to overcome solar winds. Fluffy ice provided a cushioning effect, allowing icy grains to stick together and grow into large lumps.
A Phase IIb trial found that VEGF-2 therapy led to significant improvements in exercise tolerance time and reduction in angina symptoms. The study suggests that the therapy may be associated with prolonged clinical benefits for patients with severe angina.
A new study suggests that PET scanning is more accurate than SPECT in detecting heart disease, leading to a significant decrease in the use of invasive procedures like angiograms and bypass surgery. This could result in cost savings of up to 25% for patients managed with PET scanning.
Children with Progeria have lower levels of HDL cholesterol and adiponectin, contributing to accelerated plaque formation. The study aims to better understand atherosclerosis in the aging population and find treatments for this rare genetic disorder.
A University of Pennsylvania study identified 22 ways in which CPOE systems facilitate medication errors, including information errors and human-machine interface flaws. The researchers recommend that institutions focus on the organization of work within the hospital and continuously evaluate and improve their technology.
A recent Emory University study found that HIV infection is not an independent risk factor for severe heart disease in patients who undergo cardiac catheterization. Lifestyle and traditional cardiac risk factors, such as hypertension and high cholesterol levels, play a larger role in the development of CAD.
A powerful tool, BeatTheTraffic.com, crunches commutes by predicting the best time to hit the road and suggests alternate routes. Researchers have found that many commuters can save more time by altering their departure time than using mass transit.
A recent study found that only 1 in 4 minority women under 40 have documented family history of breast cancer. The research highlights the need for primary care providers to ask about breast cancer histories, as disparities were observed between minority and white women.
A recent study found that indoor allergen levels vary significantly across the country, with cockroach allergens exacerbating asthma symptoms in inner-city children. Exposure to dust mite allergens was not found to have a significant impact on asthma symptoms.
Researchers have developed a new way to culture human embryonic stem cells without using animal-derived materials, reducing the risk of contamination with pathogens. This breakthrough could lead to safer and more effective stem cell therapies for treating various diseases.
Researchers discovered two distinct phases of electrical disturbances in the heart before mechanical abnormalities occur. These findings could lead to new medications that halt or reverse heart failure. The study was conducted by a student researcher and his mentor, with support from the Johns Hopkins University.
A study by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health found that Norovirus causes 65% of traveler's diarrhea in US visitors to Mexico and Guatemala. The researchers also discovered a higher rate of dual infections with E. coli, suggesting that these co-infections may be more common than previously thought.
The Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial (ASCOT) found that a new treatment strategy for hypertension reduced the risk of strokes and heart attacks by 25% and 15%, respectively. The new strategy, combining calcium channel blocker amlodipine with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor perindopril, outperformed traditional therapy ...
Several herbal supplements have shown promise in reducing illnesses in children, including Andrographis paniculata, Evening primrose oil, Ivy leaf, and Valerian. These supplements may help improve symptoms of colds, asthma, and other respiratory infections in children.
The William C. Rose Award lecture will focus on the importance of cytochrome P450s in drug development, endocrinology, and toxicology. Dr. Guengerich's recent work includes kinetic analysis and methods to define substrates and products of orphan P450s.
A new study published in JAMA Network found that computerized order entry (CPOE) systems can facilitate up to 22 types of medication error risks. The researchers identified issues such as fragmented displays, pharmacy inventory mistakes, and inflexible ordering formats as contributing factors.
A study found that many US children are undervaccinated or have delayed vaccinations in their first 2 years of life. The researchers discovered that on average, children were undervaccinated for 172 days during this period.
Research finds that exposure to cigarette smoke increases severity of RSV bronchiolitis in young children. The study also reveals surprising findings on the role of allergens and asthma in infection severity.
A recent study found that pregnant women who engaged in regular exercise had improved mental health and reduced symptoms of depression. The research suggests that moderate exercise, such as 30 minutes a day, can help counteract the negative effects of pregnancy on physical and mental well-being.
A recent study found that pregnant smokers have a higher rate of chromosomal abnormalities in their amniotic cells compared to non-smokers. The research, published in JAMA Network, also identified specific chromosomal regions affected by tobacco exposure.
A new study published in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology found that cockroach allergens are a primary contributor to childhood asthma in inner-city home environments. The study suggests that general cleaning practices, extermination techniques, and maintenance methods can reduce allergen levels.
The Methuselah Foundation's M Prize has sparked public interest in regenerative biomedicine, with a focus on slowing and reversing aging. Researchers will compete for the most dramatic advances in lifespan extension and aging retardation using interventions initiated in middle age.
A new study found that inner city children in the US are exposed to different levels of indoor allergens depending on their location and home type. Cockroaches were found to have the greatest impact on asthma morbidity, causing more severe symptoms and increased healthcare visits.
Johns Hopkins researchers have found that modern implanted heart devices are safe for use in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machines. The team has also developed new guidelines for their use, making MRI scans more available to people who may benefit from early detection of cancer and other diseases.
Researchers have discovered a method to store biomaterials in cells' natural vaults, enabling targeted drug delivery and gene editing. This approach may prove safer than traditional methods by minimizing the risk of an immune response.
MUHC researchers have identified a potential new cancer target using antisense technology, which inhibits the MTHFR gene. The breakthrough has shown promise in reducing lung and colon cancer tumors in laboratory-based tissue cultures and mice.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have successfully sequenced a fossil human protein from over 40,000 years ago, providing valuable information on human evolution and diet. The analysis reveals that the Neanderthal sequence is identical to modern humans', suggesting a shared dietary history.
The Trust supports well-established researchers to carry out single, outstanding projects. Professor Hillel Steiner's 'Just Price' project explores the concept of fair prices, while Professor David Hulme's book synthesizes global poverty reduction research.
Research reveals that humans have a limited capacity for processing multiple variables simultaneously, with performance decreasing significantly as problem complexity rises. The study found that academics struggled to accurately solve problems involving four or more variables, often reporting feelings of information loss and confusion.
The study reveals that emotional pictures are recalled better than neutral ones, and this recall is associated with increased activity in the amygdala and hippocampus. The researchers propose a synergistic mechanism where emotion triggers recollection, creating a loop that could help understand traumatic memory recall in PTSD patients.
Researchers have made significant progress in developing a breast cancer vaccine, using a protein called mammaglobin-A found in 80% of breast tumors. The DNA vaccine has been shown to stimulate an immune response that can recognize and attack tumor cells expressing the protein.
A study of 160 children found that 65% were exposed to violence, leading to traumatic stress reactions and poor health outcomes such as allergies, asthma, and ADHD. Clinical interventions to improve mothers' safety and health may help protect their children from these effects.
A team of biomedical engineers and chemists at Boston University developed a computational tool that predicts the molecular targets of drug candidates. The tool uses a combination of computational and experimental methods to decipher regulatory networks and predict gene and pathway targets for various drug treatments.
A recent study by Dr. Stasavage found that democracy is associated with greater government spending on education in Africa, particularly primary education. The research, published in the American Journal of Political Science, analyzed data from forty-four African countries between 1980-1996.
A recent study found that stroke warning signs, such as transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), often occur several hours or days before the actual stroke. In most cases, TIAs occurred within seven days of the stroke, highlighting the importance of timely assessment and preventive treatment.
Researchers used PET/CT to diagnose foot infections in diabetics by detecting glucose uptake with labeled radiotracer 18F-FDG. This approach facilitated better localization of infection and structural changes in bone and soft tissues, showing promise for more accurate diagnoses.