A recent study found that moderate doses of steroids given to patients with late-stage ARDS did not improve survival rates. However, the treatment did reduce lung inflammation and allowed patients to wean off mechanical ventilators earlier. The study's results suggest caution when treating patients with late-stage ARDS with steroids.
The five robots were chosen by an international jury for their significant impact on robotics and computer science education. AIBO is a popular research platform used in robotic soccer, while SCARA has been widely adopted in industrial assembly operations.
TEEVE enables cost-effective cyberspace communication with full-body size views, suitable for training, entertainment, and healthcare applications. Researchers have tested the technology with dancers, achieving exciting results, and plan to expand its use in education, remote healthcare, and elderly care.
A new study uses a salivary test to measure alpha amylase levels in children, finding that social relationships with mothers and teachers influence stress responses. The findings suggest that individual differences in alpha amylase levels can be linked to social problems, aggressive behavior, and cognitive/academic difficulties.
Researchers discover a gene, dubbed fat free, that disrupts lipid absorption in zebrafish and reveals potential targets for intervention. The study provides new insights into lipid metabolism and opens the way for screening drugs to rescue defective cholesterol processing.
Researchers have discovered rivers beneath the ice in Antarctica, moving water hundreds of miles under the surface. The findings suggest that these lakes could support microbial life and potentially release large floods that could affect ocean circulation.
A recent study by London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine found considerable gaps in pandemic preparedness across Europe. The report analyzed national plans and concluded that increased cooperation is needed to ensure effective response to a pandemic.
A new MS Research Centre will be established at the University of Edinburgh to develop therapies for Multiple Sclerosis using latest techniques and investigate repairing damaged nervous system parts. The centre aims to unlock MS mysteries and potentially lead to a cure, with £2.5m funding from JK Rowling and MS Society Scotland.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison reveal how evolution occurs at a fine level of detail, explaining molecular mechanisms behind animal adaptations. They show how fruit fly wing spots, which are driven by female preferences, can be gained and lost independently in different species.,
Researchers discovered a new mechanism in nerve cells that enables them to filter and transfer signals rapidly, contrary to the traditional Hodgkin-Huxley model. This allows for high precision in transmitting fast-changing signals while ignoring slowly varying stimuli.
Researchers confirm ventral word-form area's causal role in recognizing words by studying a patient whose surgery disrupted the region. The patient showed impaired reading skills but retained object recognition and naming abilities.
A global study of over 27,500 adults aged 40-80 found that greater gender equality leads to improved sexual satisfaction. The research, led by the University of Chicago, compared sex lives across 29 countries and discovered that countries with more equal partnerships reported higher rates of sexual pleasure.
A controlled trial found that hypnotherapy significantly improved sense of overall wellbeing and reduced painkiller use, while supportive therapy had no effect. Brain scans show that hypnotherapy affects the brain's processing of painful stimuli.
A new study by Salk researchers reveals a previously unknown connection between the neural pathways responsible for color and fine detail perception and those involved in motion processing. This discovery challenges the long-held assumption that sensory information about color is relatively unimportant for detecting moving objects.
Researchers used functional magnetic resonance imaging to study brain activity during sensory processing and introspection. They found that sensory processing activated the sensory cortex, while introspection activated the prefrontal cortex, which was silenced during intense sensory engagement.
Researchers at Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center identified the four stages of natural killer cell maturation in secondary lymphoid tissue, such as tonsils and lymph glands. This discovery could lead to new therapies for cancer, infection, and immune deficiencies, advancing our understanding of the human immune system.
A gene called caspase-12 is found in around 20% of people of African descent, but was lost from other ethnicities 60,000 years ago. Researchers hope to develop treatments that may strengthen the immune system of those carrying the gene.
A study evaluated European countries' preparedness plans against WHO's checklist, finding that surveillance planning was good but maintenance of essential services, putting plans into practice, and public-health interventions were less well prepared. The implementation of these interventions was unclear in many plans.
Researchers at Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center found a decreased risk of breast cancer among women with breast implants. The study, which followed over 3,400 Swedish women for an average of 18 years, also showed an increased risk of lung cancer but attributed it to smoking habits.
Researchers develop a new method to predict how individuals respond to drugs by analyzing their metabolite profiles, which can help diagnose diseases and tailor treatments for maximum efficacy and safety. The approach accounts for genetic and environmental factors influencing drug absorption and metabolism.
An interdisciplinary team of scientists and physicians has developed guidelines for treating severely injured patients, focusing on inflammation response and genetic factors. The project aims to improve patient care through standard treatment procedures and tailored treatments based on genetic data.
Researchers at Rockefeller University discovered that calnexin plays a crucial role in forming the ?IIb?3 receptor complex. The study highlights the importance of calnexin in protein folding and degradation, which may lead to new strategies for treating common diseases.
A novel ceramic oxide of manganese has been found to function as a self-assembled layered integrated circuit, conducting electricity only in certain directions. This opens up the possibility of constructing thin metal layers insulated from other layers, enabling more efficient and powerful devices.
Researchers mapped dynamic Polycomb group protein PC and PH across various developmental stages in Drosophila. The study reveals the proteins' diverse binding locations, implying different gene silencing mechanisms. Further analysis is needed to understand their role in development and conservation across species.
The University of Cincinnati and CERHAS have recreated 39 ancient earthworks using virtual reconstructions, offering a new way to explore the Adena, Hopewell, and Fort Ancient cultures. The traveling exhibit will include interactive displays, 3D models, and virtual tours.
A new genetic cause of Alzheimer's disease has been discovered, with increased amyloid precursor protein expression being a significant risk factor. The study found that genetic variations in the promoter region can increase gene expression and contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease.
The study of mouse chromosome 11 provides a clearer picture of how the human genome evolves through rearrangements and DNA repeats. Chromosome 17, rich in disease genes, offers insights into the impact of genome changes on human health.
Researchers have identified 20 candidate genes that regulate alcohol preference, shedding light on the genetic factors underlying excessive drinking. The study suggests that differences in brain function and homeostasis may contribute to an individual's reaction to alcohol.
A study of over 534 children found no significant differences in neuropsychological function between those with amalgam and resin composite materials. Higher urinary mercury levels were detected in the amalgam group, but no adverse effects were observed. The study concludes that mercury-containing amalgam should remain a viable clinica...
A study of 25,719 women found that five-year cancer survivors reported functional limitations, such as heavy household work and mobility issues. The authors highlight the need for interventions to prevent and reverse functional decline among elderly long-term cancer survivors.
A team of scientists has discovered a new hantavirus in an African wood mouse, which is related to viruses causing severe disease in humans in Central and Eastern Europe. The virus was found to have similarities with other hantaviruses, including the Dobrava virus, and can infect humans, according to preliminary evidence.
A prospective community-based study of 2,258 non-demented people found that higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with a significantly lower risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. The association remained significant even after adjusting for potential confounders.
Researchers propose a $500 million upfront investment to secure a 12-month vaccine supply, protecting 11,000 daily births from potential shortages. The CDC's six-month plan is deemed unclear given the actual production interruption timelines.
Scientists have developed a new method using molecular beacons to visualize and detect the genome of the respiratory virus in live cells. This technique allows for early detection of the virus, which is essential for treating the disease.
A nationwide cohort of 3486 Swedish women who underwent cosmetic surgery for breast implants between 1965 and 1993 were followed until the end of 2002. The study found that women with implants had a reduced incidence of breast cancer and an increased incidence of lung cancer compared to the general population.
A recent study found that using forearm supports can significantly reduce neck and shoulder pain as well as hand, wrist, and forearm pain. The study also showed that arm boards and ergonomics training provide the most protective effect against musculoskeletal disorders.
A 10-year study of wild finches reveals that female birds choose mates based on genetic diversity, not flashy traits. This helps explain why elaborate ornaments evolve despite potential inbreeding risks.
A study of 2913 young adults found that those with lower educational levels had a four-fold higher prevalence of coronary artery calcium (CAC) deposits, compared to those with higher levels. The researchers suggest that early life preventive measures are needed to address social and economic disparities in health.
Dutch citizens rated various energy technologies with CO2 storage as having consequences between 6.0 and 6.5, indicating acceptance. Informed opinions were more stable than uninformed ones, which were deemed 'pseudo opinions' that don't reflect public acceptance.
A multi-site research team identified nearly 4,000 differentially regulated genes in mice with varying levels of alcohol consumption. The analysis revealed new candidate genes for further study, including some previously unknown, and provided valuable insights into the genetics of predisposition to drink alcohol.
A study analyzing 551 men with prostate cancer found that a 30% decline in serum PSA levels within three months of treatment can reduce the risk of death by at least 50%. The researchers suggest that PSAs could be used as reliable endpoint measures for prostate cancer treatment efficacy.
The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research has developed medical jargon reduction methods, enabling hospital departments to evaluate the quality of terminology systems. By using standardized terms, data can be more easily accessed and used for improving patient care and epidemiological research.
Researchers investigated the growth of urban communities in northern Netherlands between 1350 and 1650, analyzing factors driving urban 'mists' and cultural industry development. The studies also explored the emergence of new towns as instruments for politics, economics, and culture in late Middle Ages.
Researchers found that BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers experience a similar reduction in breast cancer risk with increasing number of pregnancies carried to full-term, parallel to that in the general population. Additionally, they discovered that first childbirth at age 20 years or older is associated with increased risk of breast ca...
A national study reveals that nearly 60% of older diabetics are not taking ACE inhibitors or ARBs, despite clear signs of problems. The study's findings highlight the need for improved awareness and incentives to encourage responsible prescribing and increased use of these life-saving medications.
Researchers explore risk factors for dementia, including the Mediterranean diet and obesity, as well as novel treatments for Alzheimer's and multiple sclerosis. Experimental therapies also show promise in treating ALS and stroke, with potential applications in other neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers found that animals can detect movement direction from foot cues, which may help avoid predators. This low-level locomotion detector is part of an evolutionary old system, suggesting animal brains are 'hard-wired' for this type of recognition.
MoodViews uses language technology to predict global mood, analyzing millions of blogger messages daily, with potential applications in marketing, psychology, and journalism.
A study found that higher levels of education are associated with lower prevalence of coronary artery calcium, a marker of subclinical cardiovascular disease. Individuals with less than a high school degree had four times higher CAC prevalence compared to those with more than a college education.
The NIST quantum key distribution system has achieved a record speed of 4 million bits per second (bps) over 1 kilometer of optical fiber, twice the previous record. The system uses single photons and operates at an error rate of only 3.6 percent, enabling highly secure key exchange.
Researchers at Rice University have created nanoparticles called nanostars, which exhibit strong spectral signals and can be used to discern the three-dimensional orientation of molecules. This discovery has significant potential for 3D molecular sensing applications.
Researchers found sex differences in brain regions responsible for pain transmission, with males and females responding differently to pain stimuli. Persistent pain activates this pathway more strongly in males than females, highlighting the need for tailored pain treatments.
Researchers identify a single mechanism linking ciliary, serotonergic and ion flow mechanisms to control embryonic laterality. The study challenges previous hypotheses on the role of cilia in left/right asymmetry, providing insight into human development and birth defects related to left/right asymmetry.
UB researchers have discovered an agent, L-AP4, that activates group III metabotropic glutamate receptors and reverses damage caused by rotenone. The findings could lead to a new treatment for Parkinson's disease.
The lung has a unique innate immune system, protected by alveolar macrophages that are repressed in steady state, activated when needed, and then re-repressed. This complex circuit allows for brief activation periods to fight invading microorganisms.
Researchers found cuttlefish can detect contrast differences of at least 15%, suggesting they use intensity matching for camouflage. The study's findings shed light on the complex visual processing of these cephalopods, an ideal model for studying camouflage.
A new study finds that health care spending generates significant health benefits, with a return on investment of $1.55 to $1.94 for every dollar spent. The research demonstrates the value of estimating the impact of health care investments and challenges policymakers to consider cost-effectiveness in their decision-making.
Infants born to mothers with extremely short or long intervals between pregnancies face increased risks of preterm birth, low birth weight, and small for gestational age. Short intervals (less than 6 months) result in a 40% increase in preterm birth risk, while long intervals (more than 59 months) lead to a 20-43% higher risk.
The study found that patients' lung volumes are lower following surgery and general anesthesia, increasing the risk of developing pneumonia, respiratory failure, or worsening existing lung disease. The guidelines provide patient-related risk factors and surgery-related risk factors to assess pulmonary complications.
Researchers conducted two large studies on children with dental amalgam fillings and found no adverse health effects. Despite initial concerns about mercury poisoning, the studies concluded that children exposed to amalgam had low levels of mercury in their urine and no measurable signs of damage to the brain or kidneys.