Glioblastoma multiforme, the most common adult brain cancer, has a median survival of about one year after diagnosis. Researchers have identified EGFR as a target for therapeutic drugs, offering new hope for patients. The study found that targeting both mutant and normal EGFR can destroy brain cancer cells while sparing healthy ones.
The study found that T cells recognize brain proteins and recruit resident immune cells to fight off toxic substances, enabling neurogenic regions like the hippocampus to form new nerve cells. This process is linked to local immune activity and may play a role in maintaining learning and memory abilities in adulthood.
A four-year study of designer rats with high blood pressure and healthy counterparts has identified candidate genes that may contribute to cardiovascular disease. The online database TREX is now available to researchers worldwide, offering an unprecedented amount of data to mine.
A study of 994 participants from north-east Belgium found a significant association between environmental cadmium exposure and an increased risk of cancer. The study, published in The Lancet Oncology, suggests that higher levels of cadmium in urine are associated with a doubling of overall cancer risk, including lung cancer.
Researchers at OHSU have discovered a protein fragment, p95HER-2, which closely correlates with lymph node metastasis and earlier recurrence of breast cancer. The study suggests that p95HER-2 is a marker for metastasis and may help identify patients with longer disease-free survival.
A study found that high doses of soy isoflavones can block the effects of estrogen in postmenopausal women, potentially reducing breast cancer risk. Women with higher estrogen levels may benefit from a diet rich in soy isoflavones.
A new tool has been developed to silence genes in specific tissues using RNAi, allowing researchers to determine the function of a single gene in a single tissue without blocking its essential functions in other tissues. This technique could potentially be used in humans to knockdown mutant or overexpressed genes that cause human disea...
The WT1 gene is essential for male fertility and tumorigenesis. Research highlights its critical role in regulating cellular processes that lead to tumor formation and infertility.
In eukaryotic cells, RINGO/Spy controls transcription and translation through protein-protein interactions. It inhibits the activity of the translation initiation factor eIF4E, leading to reduced protein synthesis.
The study reveals that information technologies have increased the quantity of available information in real estate, leading to better-informed consumers who demand specialized services. Virtual tours, online bidding, and national competition have also resulted in additional specializations for professionals and new business models.
A recent study found that people who restrict calories have hearts that are more elastic and function better than those of control subjects. The study also showed lower levels of inflammatory markers in the caloric restriction group, indicating reduced chronic inflammation.
Researchers from Max Planck Institute for Metals Research and University of Hohenheim investigate the effect of two-layered crystalline wax on insect attachment. The upper layer contaminates insects' feet, while the lower layer reduces contact area between feet and substrate, resulting in slippery zone that traps insects.
The study reveals that the calcium-sensing receptor is crucial for the proper localization of blood stem cells in the bone marrow. Without this receptor, stem cells are unable to adhere to essential bone proteins and have limited regenerative capabilities.
A study of 41 adults with X-linked agammaglobulinemia found that most can function as relatively healthy individuals despite chronic, low-grade infections. Patients reported good health and quality of life, with many working full-time or attending school.
The Illinois pig project will sequence 2.5 billion chemical base pairs at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute in the UK, revealing similarities with the human genome. The completed swine genome is expected to lead to advancements in biomedicine, including transplants and disease treatments.
Sir Roger Penrose has received the 2006 JPBM Communications Award for his groundbreaking contributions to mathematics. His influential books, such as "The Emperor's New Mind" and "The Road to Reality", have made mathematical concepts accessible to a broad audience.
Research suggests that full-day kindergarten provides better cognitive learning outcomes for all children, including disadvantaged ones, due to its broadened social and academic experiences. Successful teachers utilize the extra time to enhance students' skills in both subjects.
Research suggests that caffeine may impair peak heart function by blunting the increase in myocardial blood flow needed during exercise. The study found significant reductions in blood flow measurements after caffeine intake, particularly in individuals with reduced coronary flow reserve.
A team of scientists from the University of New South Wales has identified a gene called FAT that is associated with an increased risk of bipolar disorder. The discovery was made using a multi-faceted approach that included studying families, patients, and therapeutic drug mouse models.
A study found that one-third of congestive heart failure patients had low thiamin levels, highlighting the importance of diet in managing serious conditions. Vitamin supplements may help prevent thiamin deficiency and improve patient outcomes.
Research by Ann Falsey and Edward Walsh finds that RSV affects elderly and high-risk adults as much as the flu, causing thousands of deaths annually. Hand washing remains ineffective in preventing RSV, despite its proven ability to prevent other infections.
A study by Children's Hospital of Philadelphia found that smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of congenital digital anomalies, such as polydactyly and syndactyly, by up to 78%. The risk is higher for women who smoke more than a pack of cigarettes per day.
The American Mathematical Society has awarded lifetime achievement and research prizes to seven mathematicians for their outstanding contributions to the field. The winners include Frederick Gering, Dennis Sullivan, Lars Hormander, Clifford Gardner, John Greene, Martin Kruskal, and Robert Miura. These prestigious awards recognize the m...
Researchers analyzed data from hundreds of thousands of heart surgeries and found African-American patients face a two-fold increased risk of post-procedure death. Despite better access to high-volume hospitals, racial differences in mortality rates remain, highlighting the need for quality improvement beyond hospital volume.
A study on H5N1 influenza virus infection in cats reveals systemic disease with widespread viral spread to various organ systems, including respiratory and digestive tracts. This finding has significant implications for understanding the mechanisms of avian influenza transmission to humans.
Researchers have discovered a precise timer formed by Period and Timeless proteins that counts off six hours, creating an 'interval timer' that governs the cell's circadian rhythm. This discovery opens up new questions about the complex interactions between proteins in the cellular clock.
Researchers used novel antisense drugs to interrupt normal Ebola virus replication, showing protection in non-human primates. The therapy directly targets the virus and may be more potent than current anti-viral treatments.
Research suggests that iron and folic acid supplementation may not benefit all children, particularly those without iron deficiency. However, it may still be beneficial for young children in low-malaria transmission areas due to its role in motor and cognitive development.
Researchers found a biochemical pathway, called RISC, that facilitates protein synthesis at synapses during learning, enabling long-term memory formation. By manipulating this pathway, scientists increased flies' memory and altered their behavioral responses to stimuli.
The USGS and ICDP successfully retrieved a nearly complete set of core samples from the Chesapeake Bay impact crater, allowing for unprecedented understanding of post-impact sediments and rocks. The recovered core will enable researchers to study global sea-level changes and the distribution of water-bearing units in the coastal plain.
Researchers found that individuals carrying the Epsilon4 allele showed reduced activation in the medial temporal lobe of the brain. This suggests that these individuals may be at risk for Alzheimer's disease and could potentially benefit from early interventions designed to delay or prevent its onset.
Researchers found that group B coxsackieviruses infect cells through an indirect route, utilizing signaling pathways and exploiting more accessible receptors. This understanding may lead to future therapies to block viral infections and contribute to clinical benefits.
Research reveals that blocking the fat hormone leptin can slow disease progression and reduce symptoms in multiple sclerosis. Leptin blockade improves clinical symptoms, slows disease progression, reduces disease relapses, and decreases antigen-specific T cells.
Researchers analyzed bone fragments at the Donner Family campsite in California's Tahoe National Forest, finding no conclusive evidence of cannibalism. The team discovered domestic and wild animals were consumed, but human bone was not identified.
Scientists have found that plants can turn excess sunlight into heat by altering protein structure, preventing damage and promoting growth. A special carotenoid molecule called zeaxanthin aids in this process, making some plants more resistant to harmful radiation.
A team of scientists discovered a massive genomic island containing a large number of antibiotic resistance genes in the A. baumannii bacterium, which has become a major public health concern globally. The island was found to contain new and previously unknown resistance genes that have enabled the bacterium to acquire resistance quickly.
The NIH supports expansive basic and clinical research portfolios on obesity and type 2 diabetes, including genetic studies, nuclear receptors, and lifestyle interventions. Epidemiological studies provide insights into risk factors and inform future clinical endeavors.
Researchers found a correlation between armpit odor and female fertility, suggesting that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) may play a role in reproductive health. The study suggests that women with higher VOC levels in their armpits may have better fertility prospects.
Researchers precisely measured the mass of a millisecond pulsar, PSR J1909-3744, using precise pulse arrival time measurements and disentangled the Shapiro delay effect from Roemer delay. The result reveals the white dwarf companion's mass to be 1.44 times that of the sun with an uncertainty of 0.02 solar masses.
Recent developments in depression treatment highlight the effectiveness of antidepressants and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) as mainstay treatments. ECT is particularly recommended for patients presenting with psychotic symptoms, while antidepressants remain a primary choice for most patients due to their widespread availability and ...
Scientists discover an unusual X-ray tunnel large enough to fit the entire Milky Way galaxy inside a galaxy cluster. The tunnel is filled with old particles likely originating from past black hole outbursts, shedding light on the complex battle between the inward flow of hot gas and outward radio jets.
A regional study found that 92% of contemporary movies depicted alcohol use, with kids exposed to about 8 hours of it through films. Higher exposure to movie alcohol use at age 10-14 predicted future drinking in teens.
A team of UCSD researchers has identified a 24-member family of bacterial proteins called effector proteins that help pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella and E-coli infect human cells by hijacking the body's communication network. The findings could lead to novel ways to fight bacterial diseases.
Scientists at Gladstone Institutes have successfully imaged the native state of apoE4, a key protein in Alzheimer's and cardiovascular diseases. This breakthrough has significant implications for developing future therapeutic interventions by providing a complete understanding of the protein's configuration.
Astronomers have long hoped to find magnetic forces shaping interstellar clouds, and now they've done so. A helical magnetic field was detected around the Orion Molecular Cloud, providing the first evidence of its structure.
Research found that calorie-restricted individuals had hearts with improved elasticity and function, similar to those of younger people. Their low levels of inflammation may have played a key role in preventing primary aging.
A team of scientists has shed light on the molecular mechanism of Dicer, an enzyme involved in RNA interference, a process that governs key developmental events. The study reveals that Dicer not only cleaves RNA but also measures and snips it into precise increments.
A review of 56 studies found that liquid-based cytology did not detect more high-grade lesions and had equivalent performance to conventional Pap smear. However, the technique may have other advantages such as concurrent HPV DNA testing or reduced reading times.
The SAVE-U project developed an innovative pre-impact sensing platform that combines sensors, radar, and cameras to protect cyclists and pedestrians. The system can identify potential collisions and apply automatic braking to prevent them, even in challenging weather and light conditions.
A new approach to understanding gene expression regulation has been developed by Finnish scientists. By analyzing DNA sequences and identifying regulatory elements, the researchers have uncovered a potential mechanism explaining why many genes are linked to cancer.
Astronomers have detected ionizing radiation leaking from a dwarf galaxy undergoing star formation, providing insights into the early universe's evolution. The study suggests that hot stars in Haro 11 allowed for some ionization to escape into intergalactic space.
Researchers found that leptin blockade improved clinical symptoms of disease, slowed progression, reduced relapses, and reduced antigen-specific T cells in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Additionally, the study suggests that leptin neutralization may be a potential way to treat multiple sclerosis.
Researchers have gained a detailed understanding of Dicer's molecular structure, which serves as a 'molecular ruler' for processing RNA fragments. This discovery has significant implications for gene-silencing processes and could lead to new treatments for diseases.
The 'play' model of information system design emphasizes collaboration between users and designers to accommodate diverse perspectives. By acknowledging inconsistent views, IT systems can reflect real-world complexities and avoid 'one size fits all' problems.
Scientists confirm that dark matter dominates the total mass of our home galaxy, the Milky Way, through the Radial Velocity Experiment (RAVE) survey. The team aims to measure the speed, temperature, surface gravity and composition of up to a million stars passing near the sun.
Researchers at the University of Illinois created composite images of optical, radio, infrared, ultraviolet and X-ray wavelengths to understand massive stars' impact on their galactic surroundings. The study reveals that massive stars energize and enrich the interstellar medium with strong ultraviolet radiation and fast stellar winds.
Low-income and education levels linked to higher prevalence of severe periodontitis among African Americans. Socioeconomic status is a significant factor in periodontal health, independent of neighborhood conditions.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have made significant progress in treating Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL), with a reported 90% cure rate. The improvements are attributed to the effective use of existing drugs, genetic technologies, and personalized treatments.
The Hubble Space Telescope has captured the sharpest view ever taken of the Orion Nebula, revealing a tapestry of star formation and large-scale structures. The image showcases over 3,000 stars of various sizes, including possible young brown dwarfs and binary brown dwarfs.
A study published in Nature finds that climate change created favorable conditions for a pathogenic fungus, leading to widespread extinctions of harlequin frogs. The research highlights the complex relationship between global warming and disease transmission, underscoring the urgent need to understand the impacts on biodiversity.