Researchers found that algae need vitamin B12 from bacteria due to an alternative metabolic process. This discovery highlights the importance of symbiotic relationships in maintaining ecosystem balance, with implications for global health and biodiversity.
A recent study found that nearly a third of patients on commonly prescribed diuretics have their electrolyte levels tested, despite the risk of severe health problems. Low sodium levels were more common than low potassium levels, with 21% of tested patients having reduced sodium levels.
Scientists at EMBL and King's College discovered a unique connection between titin proteins that may help assemble muscle tissue. The study used advanced microscope techniques to watch molecules link together in live cells, revealing a new mechanism for sarcomere formation.
Young adults in the US exhibit declining healthy behaviors, such as regular exercise, healthy diet, and reduced substance use, between adolescence and early adulthood. This trend is particularly concerning given the high rates of smoking, obesity, and alcohol abuse leading to preventable deaths.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have discovered a protein, MC160, that inhibits inflammatory responses by degrading a subunit of the immune system's IKK complex. This finding offers hope for treating conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease.
A University of Pittsburgh study suggests that standard anti-inflammatory therapy may not be appropriate for many interstitial lung disease patients. The research used DNA microarray chip technology to distinguish between gene expression patterns of different types of interstitial lung diseases, revealing two vastly different condition...
A mechanical engineer at Purdue University and a civil engineer at Tel Aviv University have created new theorems that improve structure and machine design by combining kinematics and statics. This knowledge enables engineers to create safer structures and machines with better stability, potentially at lower cost.
A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial shows inhaled cyclosporine reduces chronic rejection by two-thirds and death rate by five times compared to placebo. The study, conducted from 1998 to 2001, included 56 lung transplant patients who received either the inhaled drug or a placebo.
Researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics found that living plants emit significantly more methane than dead plant material, and this process is not hindered by oxygen. The discovery suggests that about 10-30% of global annual methane production comes from plants, with tropical regions being the largest contributors.
The elasticity of demand is key to understanding the effects of punishment on suppliers, who pass costs to consumers, leading to lower consumption when demand is elastic. In contrast, excise taxes and persuasive techniques are more effective in reducing illegal drug spending.
Researchers propose 'Darwinian debt' as a key factor in fish stock depletion, suggesting that species' inability to adapt to changing environmental conditions leads to population decline. This concept challenges traditional views on conservation and management strategies for marine ecosystems.
The Journal of Endodontics, a peer-reviewed journal publishing scientific articles and case reports on pulp conservation and endodontic treatment, has been published by Elsevier since January 2006. The partnership aims to strengthen the journal's position as a vital resource for the worldwide dental community.
Researchers at UT Southwestern found that MRI offers more detailed views and specific information on cochlear implants than CT scans. This enables surgeons to determine the best surgical technique, electrode arrays, and ear placement for each patient.
Astronomers used Aluminum-26 to estimate supernova frequency and star formation rate in the Milky Way galaxy. The discovery confirms the enrichment process continues to seed elements needed for life.
Researchers found that cryopyrin is activated by bacterial RNA and essential for the immune response against bacteria. This discovery could lead to a better understanding of autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and potentially develop new treatments.
The GridWise Demonstration project tests new electric grid technologies that enable consumers to make informed decisions about their energy use. Researchers will analyze how customers react to real-time pricing information and smart appliances, aiming to reduce power demand during peak hours and prevent widespread outages.
Researchers at University of Bristol observed ants using 'tandem running' to teach each other routes, a behavior that meets the criteria for formal teaching. This discovery suggests that information value rather than brain size may drive the evolution of teaching in animals.
Researchers propose that brain regions like cerebral cortex and spinal cord are designed with low conduction delays in mind, allowing for efficient signal transmission. The study provides a mathematical framework for understanding the segregation of gray and white matter in the brain.
Scientists link global warming to amphibian population decline and disease wipeouts, citing a pathogenic fungus as the primary cause. The study found that large-scale warming is a key factor in disappearances of many amphibian species in cloud forest environments.
Researchers have successfully detected neutrons with energies typical of fusion reactions in a sonofusion experiment, eliminating earlier concerns about data accuracy. Meanwhile, water molecules have been found to form long, squirming filaments through electronic bonds, providing a clearer picture of their interactions.
A study published in Nature reveals that a molecular mechanism directs cells to migrate to the correct location within the developing neural tube of vertebrates. The research, conducted by Mount Sinai School of Medicine, identifies specific molecules involved in restoring polarity and guiding cell migration.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have developed a new type of magnetic memory cell that can store large amounts of information in a densely packed area. The cells, made up of tiny cobalt or nickel rings, are immune to stray magnetic fields and can be controlled on-demand.
A recent study published in Nature reveals that climate-driven fungal disease is a major contributor to the decline of amphibian populations worldwide. The research found that warmer temperatures favor the growth and reproduction of a deadly skin fungus, which kills frogs mostly in cool highlands or during winter.
Astronomers have discovered a planet orbiting a 600-million-year-old star using the Exoplanet Tracker, a faster and cheaper instrument. The new method allows for more efficient search of distant stars, potentially uncovering planets capable of supporting life.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a system that uses white LEDs to transmit data wirelessly over power lines, achieving gigabit-per-second speeds. The system is more secure than traditional wireless methods due to light's ability to penetrate walls and avoid signal distortion.
Researchers found that human kidney cancer cells lacking the tumor suppressor gene Von Hippel Lindau were more sensitive to CCI-779 due to high levels of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). The study identified a test to predict which patients will benefit from receiving CCI-779, potentially helping 20,000 kidney cancer patients annually.
DinB DNA polymerase is specialized for proficiently replicating damaged G nucleotides, allowing cells to tolerate DNA damage and preventing cancer. The enzyme's unique ability is essential for survival, as mutations can render it inactive.
Researchers found that tap roots in deep-rooted plants transfer rainwater to reservoirs underground, redistributing water upwards during dry periods, increasing photosynthesis and transpiration. This effect can increase carbon uptake by 40% and impact global climate globally.
The report found a lack of data on landowner biodiversity policy, calling for new sources and incentives to promote sustainable forestry. Scientists also identified the need for annual tracking of large parcel transactions to ensure responsible stewardship.
Researchers found that half of planetary collisions result in impactors bouncing off, leaving them significantly altered. These collisions can strip away atmospheres, crusts, and mantles, producing diverse asteroid populations.
A survey of 14,000 young people found that health indicators worsen with age, except for mental health and exposure to violence, which improve. Disparities increased across all racial and ethnic groups, with significant declines in health from adolescence to young adulthood.
A study found that 72% of children with meningococcal disease exhibited early symptoms of infection, such as leg pain and abnormal skin color, which developed on average 8 hours before the classic symptoms appeared. This discovery could lead to faster diagnosis and improved treatment outcomes.
A study found that genistein, a major soy component, disrupts ovarian development in newborn female mice. High doses of genistein were associated with infertility and subfertility, while lower doses caused abnormal ovary function.
A study found that medication plus beta-blocker significantly reduced the risk of ICD shocks compared to beta-blocker alone. The therapy also showed a substantial benefit in comfort and quality of life for patients with secondary prevention ICD therapy.
Researchers found that obese individuals had significantly higher risks of hospitalization and mortality from cardiovascular disease and diabetes in older age compared to those with normal weight. The study's findings support the importance of primary prevention of overweight and obesity to combat the worsening epidemic.
A new CU-Boulder study found that morning grogginess can cause diminished short-term memory, counting skills, and cognitive abilities. Cognitive deficiencies following 24 hours of sleep deprivation have previously been shown to be comparable to the effects of alcohol intoxication.
The DOE Joint Genome Institute has made groundbreaking discoveries in genomics, including the sequencing of poplar trees, diatoms, and sulfate-reducing bacteria. These findings have far-reaching implications for clean energy, environmental remediation, and carbon management.
A Barrow researcher has received a $965,000 grant to investigate nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the brain's pleasure-reward centers. The research aims to develop novel drug treatments for nicotine dependence, building on previous findings that an anti-depressant medication, bupropion, mimics nicotine's effects at these receptors.
Researchers have observed that less energetic infrared flares coincide with more energetic X-ray and submillimeter flares, suggesting accelerated particles give rise to emission. The study also found that flare activity is driven by the infrared wavelength, with 40% of observations detected in this range.
A study found that the Hh pathway in insects determines whether adult stem cells are fated for fat or bone, with implications for treating osteoporosis, diabetes, and obesity. The researchers also discovered that drugs targeting this pathway could potentially build stronger bones while reducing fat.
FGF8 promotes cell proliferation, differentiation and survival. In developing embryos, FGF8 is involved in the regulation of neural crest cell migration.
U.S. researchers have developed a new vaccine candidate against hepatitis C using dendritic cells, which reduced the amount of carrier virus expressing HCV protein in mice by 100,000 times compared to controls. The study's findings offer a promising approach to prevent liver disease and eliminate the virus from the body.
A recent study found that ICS (fluticasone propionate) was more effective than LTRA (montelukast) in improving asthma control in children with mild-to-moderate persistent asthma. The study showed significant improvements in asthma control days, pulmonary responses, and inflammatory biomarkers.
Researchers found that therapies targeting brain insulin receptors can significantly improve blood sugar control and reduce insulin dose requirements. Gene therapy interventions also increased the animals' response to insulin therapy about 2-fold.
Researchers have discovered a remarkably stable indentation in the fabric of space and time, created by the spin of a black hole. The finding is based on identical patterns observed in X-ray light emitted near the black hole nine years apart, using NASA's Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer.
A Northwestern University study found that middle-aged individuals with higher body mass indexes had significantly higher risks of hospitalizations for and deaths from heart disease and diabetes in older age. Having a normal BMI in young adulthood and middle age confers significant health benefits.
Astronomers have mapped the outflow from two regions of star formation in the Orion Nebula, providing new insights into the process of star creation. The study used Hubble Space Telescope data to track shock waves and determine the duration of stellar winds, shedding light on how these winds shape the surrounding clouds.
Researchers discovered young super nebulae around giant star clusters, containing up to a million young stars, and emitting radiant power billions of times that of the sun. The discovery raises questions about why Milky Way no longer forms similar clusters after 10 billion years.
The Paraguay River Basin, home to the Pantanal wetlands, faces critical threats from agriculture, cattle grazing, and coal mining. Deforestation has already destroyed almost 45% of the original vegetation, with some areas losing over 90%. Conservation efforts are needed to protect the region's biodiversity and ecosystems.
UT Southwestern researchers found that activating hedgehog signaling pathway blocks fat formation in mammals, while inhibiting it stimulates fat cell creation. The study opens avenues for potential therapy in humans for obesity, diabetes and osteoporosis.
NIH-funded scientists developed a glycan array tool to detect changes in flu viruses that precede human infection. The technology can monitor the emergence of efficient flu strains from avian origin.
Increasing RN staff saves 6,700 lives annually, while greater use of RNs also reduces hospital stays and complications, such as urinary arrest and upper GI bleeding. The study concludes that increasing RN staffing is a cost-effective strategy for improving quality and containing costs in hospitals.
A new study published in Psychophysiology found that mental stress increases blood pressure, which can lead to heart disease. The research used fMRI to correlate changes in brain activity with blood pressure during stress, providing new insights into the physiological effects of mental stress.
Bcl-3 is activated by DNA damage and required for p53 control of Hdm2 gene expression. Constitutive Bcl-3 expression subverts normal p53 regulation, leading to oncogenic potential.
A study by British Antarctic Survey found a six-year time lag between sea temperature changes and whale breeding success. Sea surface temperatures in the Southern Ocean have increased by 1°C over the past 50 years, posing a threat to southern right whales' recovery.
A new study by Imperial College London found that taking a taxi can expose individuals to high levels of ultrafine particles, even when sitting in the vehicle. The study used a visualisation system to measure exposure levels across different modes of transport, revealing that walking results in the lowest exposure.
A new mass spectrometer design will enable scientists to analyze intact protein complexes in seconds, avoiding sample loss and improving research efficiency. This breakthrough technology could revolutionize fields like proteomics, virology, and nanotechnology.
Two new studies using Hubble Ultra Deep Field data show a link between galaxy assembly and supermassive black hole growth. Tadpole galaxies, with bright knots and tails caused by mergers, suggest that black holes are enshrouded in dust, making them invisible during the merging process.
Researchers at Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center have identified a crucial link between the CXCR4 receptor and the invasion of glioblastoma, a type of aggressive brain tumor. By inhibiting this receptor, experts hope to develop new treatments to prevent cancerous cells from spreading to other organs.
A team of researchers from UCLA has discovered a group of over 30 young stars near a supermassive black hole, contradicting the idea that such an environment should prevent star formation. The stars' orbits suggest they formed in a massive star cluster and migrated towards the black hole.