UCSB researchers discovered that a 'dielectric dead layer' at the metal-insulator interface limits the size of thin-film capacitors. The team found metals with good screening properties can improve capacitance properties.
The new website provides frequent updates on changing ocean temperatures, with two primary types of data: actual temperature readings and sea surface temperature anomalies. Sea surface temperature changes can influence climate, weather, and hurricane patterns, making the website a valuable tool for scientists.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have discovered a protein pair that could be used to prevent tumors. The study found that CDK2 modifies FOXO1 in damaged cells, triggering apoptosis and potentially halting cancer cell growth. This breakthrough provides new hope for the development of targeted anti-tumor therapies.
A recent Mount Sinai School of Medicine study suggests that physicians are crucial in helping low-income and uninsured seniors save money on prescription drugs. By prescribing generic versions of cardiovascular medications, doctors can significantly reduce medication costs for patients and Medicare beneficiaries.
The study reveals that tissue geometry controls the morphogenesis of breasts and other organs by defining local cellular branching microenvironments. This finding may reveal mechanisms to control cancer invasion and metastasis.
Researchers at NRC Canada use laser pulses to control chemical reactions by tilting molecular landscapes. This method has implications for quantum information and optical microscopy of live cells.
Researchers studied environmental changes on fish appearance, finding restricted food and temperature shifts can dramatically alter morphology. The study has implications for conserving species, suggesting that habitat preservation is crucial to maintaining unique characteristics.
Cells use a molecular signature to distinguish their own RNA from viral RNA, triggering an immune response and cell suicide. This discovery opens up new possibilities for therapy, including using triphosphate-end RNAs to trigger anti-viral responses and gene therapy.
Global security experts address concerns about nuclear terrorism and proliferation following North Korea's nuclear test. Scholars propose strategies to mitigate the growing threat, including cooperation, containment, and non-proliferation measures.
Researchers found cells about to divide and kidney-shaped structures within ancient embryos, suggesting sophisticated mechanisms for differential cell division timing and embryonic cell lineage differentiation. The discovery challenges previous claims about the evolutionary relationships of these early animals.
A booster shot given before a primary immunization may protect people against bird flu. Studies in Rochester suggest that adults who have never encountered the virus would benefit from an additional dose.
A team of astronomers has measured the temperature variation across the surface of a giant gas planet, Upsilon Andromeda b, for the first time. The study reveals that the planet's hot side reaches temperatures of 2,550 degrees Fahrenheit, while its dark side is frigid.
A Mayo Clinic researcher has identified a unique enzyme residue in greenbugs and aphids that could be targeted by a new generation of pesticides. This discovery opens the door to creating safer pesticides that would not harm humans and animals.
Researchers discovered that caveolin-3 inhibits myostatin signaling, preventing muscle wasting. Additionally, elevated PTTG1 levels triggered mitotic mischief, causing aneuploidy in thyroid cancer cells. Understanding these mechanisms can lead to potential therapies for muscular dystrophy and thyroid cancer.
Researchers have successfully synthesized platensimycin, a new antibiotic that inhibits bacterial fatty acid biosynthesis and paralyzes Gram-positive bacterial strains. This breakthrough offers hope against multiresistant bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecium.
A University of Illinois study finds that Korean-American lesbian daughters often struggle with 'coming out' due to Confucian and Christian values imposed by their parents. The study, conducted by Ramona Oswald and master's degree candidate Grace Chung, aims to provide culturally competent support for these families.
Researchers created a new process for free radical polymerization, the chemical reaction responsible for creating everyday plastic products. The new method takes place at room temperature, uses less metal catalyst and allows for greater control over molecular architecture.
Scientists have mapped a common form of Fuchs corneal dystrophy to chromosome 18, shedding light on its genetic origins. The discovery has implications for developing gene therapies to treat the condition.
University of Chicago chemist David Mazziotti has developed a new method for determining electron behavior in atoms and molecules, achieving accuracy rates of 95-100%. This breakthrough could have wide applications in various chemical phenomena, including fuel efficiency, ozone depletion, and medicine design.
Scientists from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution analyzed antique whale oil samples from the Charles W. Morgan, discovering 11 halogenated organic compounds similar to toxic industrial HOCs.
The American College of Rheumatology and John Wiley & Sons launch The Rheumatologist, a monthly newsmagazine providing breaking news and information to rheumatology professionals. The publication will cover general research topics, clinical trends, and people-focused content.
Researchers found that northern peatlands released massive amounts of methane gas, contributing to global warming after the ice age. The study suggests a more complex relationship between climate change and natural processes.
Researchers at The University of Manchester are developing new techniques using cultured human cells to identify carcinogens and reduce the need for animal testing. The project aims to increase confidence in pre-animal tests and minimize false positives.
UCF, UCLA astronomers have made the first direct observation of distinct day and night temperatures on a planet orbiting another star. The team used NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope to measure infrared light emitted by the planet upsilon Andromedae b at five points around its orbit.
A nationwide study aims to slow vision loss from AMD by testing a combination of vitamins, minerals, and fish oil. The study will examine whether the added nutrients can further reduce AMD progression, potentially saving over 300,000 people from vision loss.
Researchers at NIST have confirmed the presence and action of specific molecules in a nanoscale test structure, enabling magnetic switching behavior. The use of organic molecules preserves electron spins, allowing for potentially superior properties compared to conventional electronics.
The Kansas Bridges to the Future program, funded by NIH, aims to increase minority students' participation in biomedical sciences. Over 20 students have transferred to K-State since 2003, with more in the pipeline.
A study of 50 years of remotely sensed imagery reveals dramatic reductions in arctic ponds in Alaska, linked to recent climate warming. The shrinking ponds may impact waterfowl production and climate regulation, highlighting the need for land managers to address these changes.
Scientists reanalyzed 151 New York State samples using MassTag PCR, identifying nine previously undiagnosed pathogens, including six viruses and three bacteria. The analysis found that rhinoviruses were a major cause of influenza-like illness in the state during 2004.
Scientists at the Salk Institute discovered a link between cell size and growth in algae, which may provide new clues to cancer. They found that cells need specific proteins to divide on schedule once they reach a critical size.
The Einstein College of Medicine has been selected to conduct a landmark study on the health status of 4,000 people of Hispanic/Latino origin in the Bronx. The six-year study will investigate various diseases and disorders affecting the Hispanic population, including heart disease, diabetes, and cognitive impairment.
Researchers create experimental models of hierarchical topologies by mixing components in a fluid and then 'freezing' them in place. This method allows for the study of self-assembly at the nano-scale, enabling diverse industries to generate new materials with enhanced properties such as super adhesion and low friction.
Fossilized embryos from 550 million-year-old Doushantuo Formation in China show early animals had adopted some structures and processes seen in modern embryos. The discovery reveals primitive animals could divide cells asynchronously, forming unique shapes.
A new approach to treating malaria in pregnant women in West Africa has been found to be both safe and effective. The study, published in The Lancet, used the drug amodiaquine, either alone or in combination with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine, to almost completely eliminate the malaria parasite without serious side effects.
Researchers identified 202 'highly accelerated regions' of DNA that have undergone rapid evolution since humans and chimps diverged, with most not coding for genes. These regions are conserved across multiple species, suggesting they play important roles in controlling gene expression and development.
A study reveals that caveolin-3 helps prevent muscle wasting in muscular dystrophy by blocking myostatin signaling. Inhibiting myostatin rescued the muscle wasting in mice, suggesting a promising therapy for certain types of muscular dystrophy.
The study will recruit 16,000 participants aged 18-74 and follow them over time to identify the prevalence of diseases, disorders, and conditions. It aims to understand the role of cultural adaptation and disparities in disease development.
Researchers have created antibodies against H5N1 virus, showing complete protection in mice at low doses when administered before infection. Higher doses are required for later administration, with less effective results from a second antibody.
Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have created polarized Janus particles that spontaneously self-assemble into clusters with specific shapes and distributions of electric charge. The clusters can exhibit unique properties, such as a flywheel-like shape that can revolve around a polar axle.
Researchers found that a prime-boost strategy using different subtypes of H5N1 vaccines significantly boosted immune responses in individuals with prior exposure. Additionally, an intradermal approach to delivering the vaccine showed promise but did not improve the immune response. These findings suggest pre-pandemic priming with exist...
A new study published in PLoS Genetics has identified specific DNA regions that have accelerated their evolution in humans compared to chimpanzees. These 'Human Accelerated Regions' (HARs) are located near genes involved in growth and development, suggesting they may play important roles in human evolution.
Researchers have discovered a binary asteroid system where two asteroids orbit around each other, creating a unique and fascinating phenomenon. The larger object is spinning so fast that it has been flattened into a flying saucer shape, with the lowest points on the surface actually forming the highest ridges.
Researchers found that more than half of African American mitochondrial DNA sequences matched multiple sub-Saharan ethnic groups, making it difficult to determine ancestral origins. Only a few percent of the sequences were exact matches to a single African ethnic group's mitochondrial DNA.
A nationwide study led by USC professor Lon Schneider found that most Alzheimer's patients prescribed antipsychotic drugs discontinue use due to severe side effects, despite showing some effectiveness in managing delusions and agitation. The study suggests that these medications should be used with caution and only when necessary.
A team of scientists created a molecular ruler using gold nanoparticles and DNA to measure protein-DNA interactions at high resolution. This tool promises to accelerate research into genetic information processing by detecting initial protein-DNA binding interactions.
Scientists have observed a continuously changing feature in Saturn's innermost ring, the D ring, which indicates a recent comet or asteroid collision. The findings suggest that Saturn's rings are not eternal but dynamic systems that can change over time.
A large-scale clinical trial funded by the NIH found that commonly prescribed antipsychotic medications for Alzheimer's patients with delusions and aggression have limited effectiveness, while increasing the risk of severe side effects. The study suggested that alternative treatments may be more suitable for this vulnerable population.
Researchers at the University of Central Florida have successfully demonstrated an extreme ultraviolet light source with 30 times the power of previous attempts. This breakthrough has significant implications for the next generation of computer chip production, as EUV light sources are critical components in stepper machines used to pr...
Temple University has been awarded a two-year, $3.5 million grant from the National Science Foundation to establish a Spatial Intelligence and Learning Center. The center's consortium of researchers will focus on spatial thinking in their respective fields, with an emphasis on education and workforce preparation.
Nicardipine has been found to be highly effective and safe in reversing the 'no-reflow' phenomenon, a condition that affects up to 50,000 patients annually. The study involved 1,454 patients who were treated with nicardipine, resulting in a success rate of 98%.
Researchers have developed a new, simple, and rapid tuberculosis (TB) test called microscopic-observation drug-susceptibility (MODS). The test takes an average of seven days to complete and is more sensitive, faster, and cheaper than current culture-based tests.
A new approach uses mouse tests to predict which chemotherapy drugs work best for each patient, offering a promising way to individualize therapy earlier in treatment. The method involves implanting tiny bits of patient tumor into mice, allowing researchers to test multiple drugs simultaneously.
A new study found that many primary care trusts in the UK are refusing to fund adequate treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, despite NICE approval. The study revealed a postcode lottery, where funding and access to effective treatments like anti-TNF therapy vary widely across the country.
A new study by The Miriam Hospital and Brown Medical School found that daily weighing and taking quick action when needed can significantly help dieters maintain weight loss. Participants who weighed themselves daily had an 82% reduction in the odds of regaining five or more pounds compared to those who did not weigh daily.
Researchers found a connection between Antarctic ice sheet mass balance and weather systems worldwide, suggesting that storms in the Pacific Ocean may influence calving and iceberg breakup. This discovery provides new insights into past climate shifts and potential mechanisms linking global climate and weather patterns.
A study at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh aims to predict transplant rejection using genetic factors. The goal is to tailor anti-rejection medications to individual patients, reducing rejection rates and drug-induced side effects.
A study found that high water temperatures and cadmium exposure severely impact oyster physiology, leading to increased energy demand and reduced oxygen supply. Oyster populations are already declining due to environmental stressors like overfishing, disease, and poor water quality.
Researchers developed a new method for treating post-concussion syndrome, known as regulated exercise, which involves individualized exercise programs to improve brain function and reduce symptoms. The treatment has shown promising results in reducing depressive symptoms and improving patient outcomes.
Research on Glanville fritillary butterflies found that females with enhanced flight capabilities reproduce more quickly and establish new populations. The study suggests that genetic differences influence behavior, and the environment favors individuals with certain traits.
A large multicenter study found that adult survivors of childhood cancer are more than three times as likely to have chronic health conditions and eight times as likely to experience severe or life-threatening conditions. Long-term survivors were particularly vulnerable to second cancers, heart conditions, and endocrine abnormalities.