Researchers from the Weizmann Institute of Science have observed a rare and detailed view of a Type Ia supernova event, revealing the remnants of a red giant star that fed a white dwarf. This unique observation supports a widely accepted model of these explosions.
Faculty members Kirk Cameron, Wu-Chun Feng, and Dimitrios Nikolopoulos have received IBM Faculty Awards for their exceptional work in plant phylogeny, software productivity, and computing environments. The awards aim to promote collaboration between researchers and foster growth in strategic disciplines.
Researchers have observed the properties of neutron stars, including their sizes and masses, using a new technique that exploits Einstein's general theory of relativity. The study provides insights into the extreme conditions within these ultradense objects.
A recent study found that a split-bolus CT urography technique can reduce both radiation dose and number of images produced, while maintaining high sensitivity and specificity. This new method has the potential to replace traditional excretory urography protocols for diagnosing urinary tract abnormalities.
Researchers at UCSD have designed a new algorithm that enables distributed rate limiting to enforce global bandwidth rate limits and dynamically shift allocations based on current network demand. The flow proportional share algorithm uses TCP to estimate bandwidth demand, providing fairness and practicality for deployment nationwide.
Researchers identify specific H. pylori strains associated with precancerous gastric lesions, potentially underestimating the risk of gastric cancer. Meanwhile, a gene called OGR1 is found to suppress prostate cancer metastasis in mice, suggesting its potential as a novel metastasis suppressor gene.
Researchers at University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine found gamma globulin to be highly effective against adenovirus-mediated eye infections, including conjunctivitis. The treatment showed significant antiviral activity and minimal toxicity.
A new study by Catherine Mosher and Sharon Danoff-Burg found that college men are more likely than women to prioritize a romantic relationship over achieving their career and education goals. The researchers also discovered that men derive more emotional support from opposite-sex relationships than same-sex friendships.
Researchers have identified a new abnormality related to disease progression and disability in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The study found that T1-weighted MR images of the brains of MS patients often depict bright areas called hyperintense lesions, which were more likely to be present in patients with secondary-progressive MS.
A study by Durham University researchers found that mothers who cradle their babies to the right hand side are displaying signs of extreme stress. This finding could help identify mothers at risk of developing post-natal depression.
University of Maryland researchers found a unique olfactory system in mice that can detect hormones involved in regulating water and salt balance. This discovery may lead to new understanding of social information transmission between individuals.
People who stopped taking cholesterol-lowering drugs after a stroke are at greater risk of death or dependency. The study found that those who continued taking statins had a significantly lower risk of dying or becoming dependent on others.
Researchers have successfully identified reprogrammed cells in mice without using genetic markers, simplifying the process and potentially yielding a bountiful supply of custom human embryonic stem cells. This breakthrough brings human stem cell therapies closer to reality and eliminates one major hurdle to reprogramming human cells.
Botanists at Oregon State University have discovered a single plant gene that causes resistance to one disease, while producing susceptibility to a different disease. This unusual phenomenon may help scientists better understand the pathways of genetic disease resistance and susceptibility in plants.
The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine has been awarded a $16 million grant to establish the Pittsburgh Center for HIV Protein Interactions, which will investigate the life cycle of HIV. Researchers at the center will use advanced technologies to identify key virus-host interactions and develop new drug targets.
A new study published in the Journal of Experimental Medicine suggests that COX-2 inhibitors like Vioxx trigger life-threatening side effects by stimulating blood clotting. The researchers propose a solution by administering TF-reducing drugs alongside Cox-2 inhibitors to treat people safely
Researchers have discovered a specific form of estrogen that can protect the brain from degeneration without increasing cancer risk. This 'designer estrogen' offers potential for treating multiple sclerosis and combating other age-related brain diseases.
Iowa State University and Great Ape Trust are creating a world-class research center for primatology, providing opportunities for students to collaborate on tool use, culture, language, and intelligence. The partnership recognizes shared scientific and ethical values in primate research.
A new study found that high stress levels contribute to memory loss among individuals at risk for developing Alzheimer's disease. Those with the APOE-å4 gene variant and high cortisol levels showed significant memory impairment, suggesting a link between chronic stress and cognitive decline.
Astronomers have pioneered a new technique to measure the properties of neutron stars, allowing them to study the extreme conditions under which matter is packed. Using XMM-Newton and Suzaku satellites, scientists observed distorted space-time around three neutron stars, confirming predictions by Einstein's theory of general relativity.
Research found a bidirectional relationship between alcohol dependence and neighborhood characteristics. Alcoholism leads to staying in or moving into disadvantaged neighborhoods, while recovery from alcoholism is protective against social drift. Living in poor neighborhoods has an adverse effect on alcoholic symptomatology over time.
A recent survey found that 86% of workers aged 65+ reported being satisfied at their jobs, while those earning over $110,000 per year had the highest level of satisfaction. Job satisfaction also varies by education level, occupation, and region.
Researchers found that statin treatment may curb Alzheimer's brain changes, with a study comparing brain scans of people who took statins to those who did not. The study, published in Neurology, included 110 Group Health members aged 65-79 and provided the first direct evidence of statin's potential protective effect on the brain.
New research from MIT reveals a unified explanation for bone's toughness, incorporating several previously proposed theories. The study finds that bone's atomistic structure plays a crucial role in a toughening mechanism that allows it to tolerate small cracks and maintain its strength.
The Virginia Tech research team has observed tell-tale signals of low-energy solar neutrinos for the first time, providing evidence for the validity of a model of solar energy generation. The detection was made possible by a new technology that eliminated background contaminants and achieved unprecedented purities in the detector.
A large prospective study confirmed strong associations between current and past cigarette smoking and malignancies of the head and neck in both genders. Smoking plays a greater role in developing head and neck cancer in women than men, with higher incidence rates and relative increases in risk.
The Conaway Lab has discovered a critical role for the chromatin remodeling complex INO80 in activating transcription mediated by the transcription factor YY1. This finding provides new insights into how YY1 regulates gene expression, which is crucial for cell cycle control and may have implications for cancer therapy.
Researchers have developed a nanowire coating on titanium that enhances muscle tissue adhesion for hip replacements and dental reconstructions. The material can also be easily sterilized using UV light or ethanol, making it suitable for hospital settings and food processing plants.
As China's population reaches 336 million over 60 by 2030, the country faces a growing burden of care for senior citizens. The one-child policy may leave some older Chinese without a family member to care for them, forcing them to rely on limited caregivers or facilities.
Researchers at U of M discovered that treating people with early cardiovascular abnormalities can slow progression and even reverse damage to the heart and blood vessels. The Rasmussen Disease Score helps doctors identify early signs, enabling targeted lifestyle counseling and drug treatment.
A recent study by George Mason University found that married men report doing less housework than their live-in boyfriends. Couples with egalitarian views on gender tend to divide household chores equally, but even in these relationships, men still do more work.
Researchers at Cornell University have created a mathematical model to describe the internal clock in living beings, which regulates sleeping and waking patterns. The study proposes that an extra protein may be necessary for the circadian cycle to extend over 24 hours.
Researchers produced human cardiomyocytes from hESCs using a sequential, directed differentiation protocol that did not rely on serum or feeder cells. Echocardiography showed attenuation of left-ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic diameters in animals receiving cardiomyocytes compared to control groups.
A new nasal spray treatment has been shown to be safe and effective in rapidly treating cluster headaches, considered the most painful type of headache. The study involved 52 people with cluster headaches who used zolmitriptan nasal spray or placebo to treat 151 separate attacks.
Researchers compared gene expression in the frontal cortex of cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic alcoholics, finding widespread effects on cellular pathways related to cirrhosis. This suggests that heavy drinking can cause more brain damage in individuals with liver scarring.
A six-year study of almost 35,000 children reveals no change in developmental levels despite new early years initiatives. The research highlights the need for high-quality evidence-based policy implementation and monitoring.
Researchers at George Mason University found that zinc deposits are hallmarks of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a condition affecting millions of Americans. The study suggests that excessive zinc intake may contribute to AMD progression.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki discovered that tightly organized epithelial cells can suppress malignant cell proliferation, with a focus on the LKB1 tumor suppressor gene. The study found that epithelial cells lacking LKB1 protein form disorganized structures enabling cancer genes to drive proliferation.
A growing trend in oropharyngeal cancers is attributed to HPV infection, especially in younger males. This emerging epidemic warrants the exploration of HPV vaccine efficacy and safety in male populations.
A study published in the journal Immunity reveals that a toxin released by bacteria causes severe bleeding in the lungs, making infections deadly. The discovery provides a better understanding of what makes major global bacterial infections deadly and may lead to new treatments.
Researchers find Apert's syndrome is perpetuated due to mutant cells out-replicating normal cells in testes, leading to higher transmission rates. The single base-pair mutation occurs at a frequency 100-1000 times higher than predicted standard mutation rate.
Researchers found that HIV reduced population growth in worst-affected areas by two-thirds, but the overall population continues to grow, with a higher crude death rate and lower birth rate in the presence of HIV.
Scientists discovered that genetic variations do not negatively affect the efficacy of fluvastatin in renal transplant patients. Additionally, researchers created synthetic lipids called pseudoceramides to treat skin diseases and found them to significantly increase protein production when skin cells differentiate.
A new study found that 1 in 20 North Carolina men who have sex with men reported using crystal methamphetamine, increasing the risk of spreading HIV and other STDs. Meth use is associated with inconsistent condom use, STD infection, HIV positivity, and erectile dysfunction treatment.
A survey of 25,000 WTC rescue and recovery workers found a 3.6% rate of new asthma, 12 times higher than expected for the adult population. Respirator use was associated with lower rates of newly diagnosed asthma, but not all worker groups showed significant protection.
Astronomers have used XMM-Newton and Suzaku to measure the diameters and masses of neutron stars, confirming Einstein's predicted distortion of space-time. The technique involves observing the iron lines produced by hot atoms swirling around neutron stars.
Long-term memory retrieval in abstinent alcoholics shows lower brain activity in key regions, indicating latent lesions or subclinical pathology. This suggests that brain damages from alcohol use can occur without apparent cognitive impairments.
Researchers have cloned a novel aluminum-tolerant gene in sorghum, providing insights into how specialized proteins can boost aluminum tolerance in crops. The new genetically-engineered sorghum lines are expected to increase food production on marginal soils in developing countries.
New research from UCLA finds that fireproofing homes dramatically reduces the spread of forest fires. By fireproofing not just their own homes but also those of their neighbors, individuals can help limit the damage and preserve entire neighborhoods.
The technology produces hydrogen by adding water to an alloy of aluminum and gallium, with the gallium component hindering the formation of an oxide skin that prevents oxygen from reacting with aluminum. This allows for the reaction to continue until all the aluminum is used to generate hydrogen on demand.
Research suggests that human testes can multiply mutations, making it easier for disease-causing genes to be passed to offspring. This phenomenon could explain why certain genetic disorders, such as Apert syndrome, occur more frequently than expected.
A research team has found ancient bacteria with active and living DNA, marking the oldest finding of organisms containing life on Earth. The discovery sheds light on cell aging and regeneration processes.
The American Chemical Society presents groundbreaking research on the biotechnology of health and wellness, including a study that reveals 'good' cholesterol can be bad for the heart. Additionally, scientists uncover new information about HDL cholesterol's protein composition, which could lead to more accurate lab tests and life-saving...
Scientists detected a long-term increase in tropical rainfall, with the rainiest years since 2001. The increase is attributed to a warming trend, which enhances evaporation and allows more moisture to form clouds.
Dr. Svetlana Sukhishvili has been awarded a National Science Foundation grant to direct the 'Materials World Network' project. The project will collaborate with researchers from Moscow and Stevens Institute of Technology to develop responsive micelles at surfaces.
Researchers find that HSP 90 inhibitors can degrade proteins perpetuating inflammation, restoring lung function and reducing blood vessel leakage in ICU patients. The study suggests a potential new treatment for sepsis using these cancer-fighting compounds.
A research letter investigates the feasibility of self-collected HPV specimens for testing among women at high risk of cervical cancer. The study found that outreach nurses were able to recontact 81.4% of participants who tested positive and referred them for further testing.
Researchers at University of Pennsylvania devise nanoscale system to observe how individual cells react to external forces. The study shows that cells respond to outside forces and demonstrate a remote response from the cell’s internal forces., The findings prove useful for understanding tissue growth, function, and disease.
Scientists have created a new theory on how to create transistors for quantum computers using photons. The transistors can process optical signals and enable the development of supercomputers that can solve extremely complicated tasks.
Researchers developed a method to create cardiac muscle cells from embryonic stem cells, which then survived and thrived in damaged rat hearts. The treatment showed promise in improving heart function and thickness of walls after a heart attack.