Researchers from the University of Alberta have discovered that portions of Canada collided at least 500 million years earlier than thought. This finding has significant implications for our understanding of how North America's continental fragments assembled billions of years ago.
A sense of urgency and patriotism are essential for successful recycling efforts, according to a new study in Historical Research. Increased recycling rates were seen after World War I and II, but declined after the conflicts ended due to post-war consumerism.
Shukla's work on designing, analyzing, and predicting electronic system performance has drawn national attention from the National Academy of Sciences and the White House. He is currently researching embedded software code generation for space and aviation mission applications.
Researchers found that young children's defiance towards mothers is linked to emerging autonomy and confidence in controlling events. Children with sensitive mothers were more likely to be defiant, while those with depressed mothers were less likely to respond with defiance.
A new treatment protocol has shown increased survival in very young infants with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. The hybrid regimen, which incorporates elements of acute myeloid leukaemia treatment, resulted in improved event-free survival rates.
A joint research by Dr. Leonid Brodsky and Dr. Milton Taylor identified 37 genes out of 22,000 possible genes which fight the hepatitis C virus. The study's mathematical model can be applied to identify key genes in patient response to treatment, potentially leading to more effective medications.
Researchers identified three gene variants linked to HIV control and progression, providing new targets for therapies and vaccines. The study's findings could lead to improved treatments and more effective immune responses against the virus.
A new study by Weill Cornell Medical College found that young rats given Ritalin injections from week-old age showed significant brain changes linked to higher executive functioning and addiction. Changes resolved with time, but the findings suggest doctors must be careful in diagnosing ADHD before prescribing Ritalin.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College have discovered that preconditioning, a process where the brain is challenged with a small noxious stimulus, can shield blood vessels from stroke injury. This study found a 68% reduction in stroke intensity and a 114% boost in blood flow in areas unaffected by the stroke.
A study published in Nature Genetics has identified three genes associated with restless legs syndrome (RLS), a condition characterized by an urge to move and paresthesia in the legs. The findings provide new insights into the genetic causes of RLS, which affects up to 10% of people over 65 years old.
A new combination treatment of fludarabine plus cyclophosphamide significantly improves progression-free survival and response rates in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. The treatment also shows better quality of life compared to single-agent treatments, but may have more severe side effects.
A study on mucins reveals their crucial role in protecting the gut from bacterial infection. In contrast, lupus research identifies shared signaling networks active in B cells from genetically distinct mouse models. Meanwhile, a new study shows that blocking ERK1/2 activation can prevent congenital heart defects in mice with Noonan syn...
A new UGA study explains how anti-smoking ads can either backfire or be effective, finding that youth are more likely to smoke when exposed to messages about their friends listening. The researchers suggest that health campaigns should focus on changing social norms and designing multi-year efforts with a nuanced approach.
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh have found that people with bipolar disorder experience accelerated brain tissue loss, particularly in areas controlling memory, face recognition, and coordination. The study shows that repeated episodes of illness can lead to greater brain loss and decline in mental ability.
Researchers at the University of Florida have developed a new method to detect subtle differences in leukemia cells using molecular probes called aptamers. This technique has the potential to improve diagnosis and treatment for cancer patients by providing more precise and personalized care.
A research team led by Dr. Benoit Coulombe has developed a powerful proteomics approach to infer putative functions of previously uncharacterized proteins by identifying their interaction partners. The study reveals an intricate network of protein interactions that connect together 436 different proteins.
A new microfluidics device has enabled researchers to analyze a rare bacteria found in the human mouth and sequence over 1,000 genes from an unstudied group of bacteria, known as TM7. This breakthrough technology holds promise for advancing microbial ecology and discovering new species.
A new study suggests that non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a common occurrence among high school students, with nearly half of teens experiencing NSSI in the past year. The most common reasons for engaging in NSSI include regulating emotional states and managing situations.
The combination of aliskiren and valsartan significantly lowers blood pressure in patients with hypertension, with a mean drop of 12.2mm Hg compared to 9.0mm Hg for monotherapy. However, the treatment is limited by potential life-threatening side effects, including hyperkalemia.
Researchers have identified a specific amino acid in the potassium channel protein that blocks anaesthetic activation, paving the way for targeted anaesthetics with fewer side effects. This discovery could lead to improved understanding of how anaesthetics work and the development of new, more specific alternatives.
Researchers have discovered three gene variants in HIV-infected patients that may help fight off the virus and delay AIDS onset. The genes, particularly HLA-C, could be key targets for an HIV vaccine designed to boost immune system control.
A study published in Science found that maintaining a healthy lifestyle through diet and exercise can extend lifespan by reducing insulin-like signaling in the brain. The researchers discovered that mice with reduced insulin receptor substrates lived 18% longer, while also showing improved metabolic health.
A study funded by ESRC found that community renewable energy projects are largely based in the countryside, revitalizing local economies and alleviating poverty. The projects generate energy renewably at a local level, involving wind turbines, solar panels, and shared heating systems.
A study by Cornell scientists found that genetically diverse honeybee colonies produced 30% more comb, stored 39% more food, and maintained foraging levels 27-78% higher than genetically uniform colonies. These colonies also gained weight due to sophisticated communication mechanisms like waggle dancing.
Researchers at Penn School Medicine observe and measure internal motion in proteins, revealing its impact on function and overturning traditional views. This discovery may explain why drug design fails more often than it works.
Researchers at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center discovered that a protein called IKK-alpha protects an important cell defense mechanism from silencing in skin cancers. The protein prevents DNA methylation, which normally silences the checkpoint gene 14-3-3-sigma.
A study by University of Minnesota researchers found that alternative cropping systems reduced nitrate levels in surface and ground water by 41-62% compared to conventional farming practices. Increasing cropping system biodiversity can improve water quality.
MIT scientists have discovered a connection between two proteins found in brain tumors that could help treat glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most aggressive form of brain cancer. Attacking both EGFRvIII and c-Met simultaneously is more effective than targeting either protein alone, offering new hope for treating this deadly disease.
A study by Richard E. Morton and Lahoucine Izem found that the protein cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) plays a crucial role in fat cell storage and regulation, potentially leading to improved understanding of obesity and diabetes.
Developing B cells produce the antibody-altering protein AID, which directs and strengthens their response to disease pathogens. This discovery may offer new research directions for understanding autoimmunity and other diseases.
A recent study published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention found that obesity is a significant risk factor for developing multiple myeloma. The research, which analyzed data from over 100,000 participants, discovered that individuals with a higher Body Mass Index (BMI) were more likely to develop the disease.
Researchers found that a drug originally developed to fight tuberculosis can help people with OCD make more progress in therapy, with participants reporting less distress and anxiety. The drug, D-Cycloserine, is believed to accelerate extinction learning and will be studied on smokers who want to quit.
A CU-Boulder study finds that glaciers and ice caps are currently contributing about 60% of the world's ice to the oceans, with an accelerating rate of 3 cubic miles per year. The team estimates this could add up to 4-9.5 inches of additional sea level rise globally by 2100.
Researchers developed a method to catalog genetic variations in Arabidopsis thaliana, revealing regions targeted by natural selection. The study found that one out of 10 genes is very different and many gene families were shaped by evolution. The data have been placed in a publicly accessible database.
Scientists have developed a novel approach to probing protein folding energy, revealing the slope and height of the energy barrier proteins must overcome. This method has the potential to shed light on how amino acid sequences affect protein function and how diseases arise from misfolding.
Researchers have discovered that cell surface mucin 1 (Muc1) is a key component of the gut's defense against bacterial infections. Mice infected with Campylobacter jejuni were found to be more susceptible to intestinal damage without Muc1, highlighting its critical role in preventing infection spread.
A large study of over 17,000 men found that finasteride caused a small decrease in sexual function, but this effect diminished over time. The researchers concluded that finasteride is unlikely to cause significant sexual dysfunction for most men taking the drug.
Chinese researchers report a convenient method for synthesizing short protein chains using inexpensive starting materials and a simple cobalt complex catalyst. The new technique, similar to olefin polymerization, could be ideal for industrial production and may lead to the creation of polypeptides that were previously inaccessible.
Researchers discovered that PKR enzyme plays a crucial role in the antiviral effect of interferon against some viruses. They found that PKR affects protein synthesis and apoptosis, leading to reduced cell death and viral replication in response to stimuli.
Fossils discovered in New Mexico reveal that dinosaurs and their predecessors lived side by side for 15-20 million years. The findings provide new insights into the evolution of dinosaur precursors and challenge long-held theories about the pace of changeover.
A 44-year-old man with a tiny brain and massive ventricular enlargement led a normal life despite mild leg weakness and cognitive impairments. He underwent various treatments, including shunt insertions and neuroendoscopic procedures, to manage his symptoms.
A new study finds that reducing insulin signaling in the brain can lead to a longer lifespan, with genetically engineered mice living up to 18% longer. This breakthrough suggests that diet and exercise may be key to preventing age-related diseases.
Researchers solved checkers by creating a computer program that cannot be beaten, using 500 billion positions and superior processing capabilities. The program, Chinook, may play to a draw but will never lose.
A NASA researcher has developed a new method to anticipate food shortages brought on by drought using satellite remote sensing of crop growth and food prices. The model can help government and humanitarian aid officials plan and respond to drought-induced food price increases, reducing the risk of famine.
A study by CSIRO Australia suggests that removing invasive predators from island breeding colonies could offset 'bycatch' losses, saving more seabirds at a lower cost. This approach could be an effective means of conservation, particularly for species affected by fishing and invasive species.
Studies reveal a gene-regulating protein that triggers coping mechanisms in mice exposed to inescapable stress, leading to reduced behavioral despair. The discovery provides an animal model for exploring how antidepressants work on the brain circuitry involved in stress response.
Dr. Kathryn Abel was honored with the American Society for Engineering Education's Best Paper Award for her paper on finding appropriate data for ABET self-study sections B2 and B3. The award recognizes her contributions to engineering education, including program leadership and outstanding student mentoring.
A study by Dr. Michael Holick reveals that vitamin D deficiency is common and problematic, increasing the risk of chronic diseases such as osteopenia, osteoporosis, and certain cancers. The author suggests increasing recommended Adequate Intakes for vitamin D to 800-1000 IU/d.
A gene variant in the complement C3 gene has been found to more than double the risk of developing age-related macular degeneration, a leading cause of visual loss and blindness. The study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, suggests that inflammation plays a key role in the disease process.
Researchers have confirmed six new genetic variants that increase the likelihood of developing coronary artery disease. These variants, found in chromosomes 2, 6, 10 and 15, as well as two on chromosome 1 and one on chromosome 9, are common in white Europeans and explain a significant proportion of heart attacks.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a new technique that improves the ability to detect genetic disorders in infants and young children, allowing for earlier diagnosis and treatment. The method uses metabolomics and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to analyze biomarkers in blood and urine.
Research shows a slowdown in heart disease deaths among younger Britons, with death rates levelling off in some age groups. This trend is concerning as it may indicate that the gains made in reducing heart disease mortality are being reversed due to rising obesity and diabetes rates.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have discovered a new biochemical mechanism for memory storage, involving persistent changes in slow nerve currents. The discovery may also link memory and addiction, with potential implications for treating conditions such as epilepsy and diseases of memory.
Research found 28 out of 33 young elite tennis players had spinal abnormalities, including disc degeneration, herniated discs, and stress fractures. The study highlights the need to modify training techniques to minimize musculoskeletal damage in young athletes.
A recent study published in Critical Care found that decreasing nurse staffing levels in intensive care units increases the risk of serious infections. Over a four-year period, researchers discovered that patients were more likely to develop ventilator-associated pneumonia six days or more after being placed on a ventilator when there ...
A study of 1835 antiretroviral-naive patients found that those with suppressed HIV viral loads could see significant increases in CD4 cell counts over time, even after five years on treatment. Patients with low initial CD4 counts showed substantial rises in counts.
Research in Emergency Medicine Journal reveals UK licensing law changes trebled overnight visits to emergency care for alcohol-related problems. The new laws allowed alcohol to be available around the clock, leading to a rise in alcohol-related issues and violent assaults.
The Wisconsin Longitudinal Study has tracked over 10,000 graduates since 1957, providing unprecedented insight into how young people's experiences shape their lives as they age. Researchers have used this data to inform public policies and practices, and the study continues to be a model for long-term federal studies.
A catastrophic megaflood separated Britain from France hundreds of thousands of years ago, carving a massive valley along the English Channel. The flood reorganized river drainages in north-west Europe, affecting early human occupation in Britain and potentially leading to an abrupt halt in migration.
Repeated bouts of shorter exercise with rest periods burn more fat than single long sessions, according to a recent study in Japan. Researchers found that the repeated exercise method enhanced fat mobilization and utilization during and after exercise.