A Virginia Tech research group has isolated proteins responsible for iron-sulfur cluster assembly and witnessed their interactions within a cell. This breakthrough provides insight into the sequential steps of the process, helping to explain how molecules are synthesized and distributed in cells.
A North Carolina State University study found that examining an insect's 'family tree' can help predict a cousin insect's level of tolerance to pollutants. The research used 21 species of insects from different families to test their sensitivity to cadmium, a toxic metal.
Researchers found that overweight individuals who used calorie-free tastants to flavor their food lost an average of 30.5 pounds over six months, compared to just 2 pounds for those who didn't use the tastants. This suggests that enhancing one's sense of taste can lead to weight loss by reducing hunger.
Research using Magnetic Resonance Imaging technology has confirmed Huntington's disease before symptoms appear, allowing for early treatment. The study identified extensive white matter degeneration, a hallmark of the disease, which can help explain its complex motor and cognitive problems.
Researchers are using single-person submersibles to collect samples from a lake in BC that may hold vital clues to the history of life on Earth. The dives aim to develop a baseline understanding of life on our planet, with potential applications for future Mars missions.
A new study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that hearing impairment is common among adults with diabetes, affecting up to 54.1% of those with the condition. The study suggests that high blood sugar levels may damage the inner ear and nerves, leading to hearing loss.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that only 19% of women in the developing world have been screened effectively for cervical cancer. The study reveals significant inequalities in access to screening services between and within countries.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that children can learn flexible behavior and make correct choices without realizing why, challenging traditional theories. The study used a computer game to test children's ability to choose objects based on shape or color in different contexts.
Scientists have discovered a novel compound that targets acute secretory diarrhea caused by E. coli and other enterotoxigenic strains of bacteria, reducing fluid secretion without apparent toxicity. The compound could be an inexpensive, easy-to-take treatment for debilitating illnesses leading to child deaths in developing countries.
A single VSOP protein can carry protons, regulating pH conditions during pathogen removal, and may aid in designing new medications for innate immunity enhancement.
The Iraq war saw a shift from maneuver warfare to insurgency warfare, resulting in more severe injuries and longer transport times. Fragment wounds increased, while gunshots decreased, leading to higher mortality rates.
Research published by The University of Manchester's National Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Homicide by People with Mental Illness reveals a significant link between alcohol and drug misuse and Scottish suicide and homicide rates. The study found that Scots are almost twice as likely to kill or take their own lives compared to ...
Researchers found that performing a standardized 60-second hair count is a reliable method for assessing hair shedding in healthy men. The study found consistent results across age groups, with an average loss of 10 hairs per minute, and demonstrated low intrapatient variability.
Researchers at UNC have shown that transplantation of adult stem cells can improve healing of fractures in animal models. The study provides a scientific foundation for future clinical trials and could lead to a new treatment for millions of people suffering from bone union failure.
Researchers found an 86% increase in non-serious adverse events among patients treated with cannabinoids, mainly affecting the nervous system. Cannabinoids are used to treat chronic pain and stimulate appetite, but physicians must weigh benefits against possible side effects.
A new study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that regular coffee drinking is not linked to increased deaths, but rather may be protective against heart disease and other causes of death. Moderate coffee consumption was associated with a lower risk of death from heart disease in women.
Researchers from Harvard University found that teenage athletes with hormone disorders may experience amenorrhea, leading to infertility and early bone density loss. Ghrelin levels were higher in amenorrheic girls than non-athletes, suggesting a link between energy deficit and menstrual irregularities.
Researchers have identified HLA-G dimer as a powerful immune molecule that can help prevent organ rejection. This molecule works by down-regulating the immune response and has potential applications in treating autoimmune diseases and cancer.
Researchers have found a way to effectively recycle toxic chlorinated compounds using a lanthanum chloride catalyst. The new reaction enables the exchange of chlorine atoms for hydrogen atoms, producing desired products without byproducts.
A new study by The Endocrine Society reveals that low testosterone may cause health problems leading to erectile dysfunction, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. Researchers found that 18.3% of men with erectile dysfunction had undetected testosterone deficiency.
A new study by The Endocrine Society found that overweight men are not more likely to be infertile, contradicting previous research on obese women. Greater body weight was linked to lower testosterone levels in some participants, but impaired sperm production remains the primary cause of infertility in men.
Researchers identified two key pathways controlling adult stem cells' repair and replacement abilities. By tweaking these pathways, they revived the ability of old mice's muscle tissue to repair itself nearly as well as younger counterparts.
A new multicenter study is being conducted to assess the safety of testosterone gel (LibiGel) for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire. The study aims to enroll 2,400 to 3,100 women aged 50-80 with hypoactive sexual desire disorder and follow them for at least a year.
Women with type 2 diabetes and heart disease have poorer control of both diseases and receive less intensive medical treatment than do men. Women are also more likely to have uncontrolled high blood pressure and poor long-term control of their blood glucose levels compared to men.
Researchers found that older adults are just as socially satisfied as younger counterparts, contrary to conventional wisdom. The study suggests that older adults' perception of their experiences brings them more satisfaction, enabling them to find uplift in everyday life.
A new study by The Endocrine Society found that moderate fitness levels lower the risk of death in diabetic men, reducing mortality by 40-50% over seven years. Fitness levels were categorized as low, moderate, and high based on peak metabolic rate achieved during exercise.
A new study finds that pregnant women with high insulin resistance are at a higher risk of pregnancy complications, including preeclampsia, premature rupture of membranes, and cesarean sections. Babies born to these women also face increased risks of macrosomia and hypoglycemia.
A new Canadian study found that the standard screening test for high blood sugar in children with risk factors misses nearly 3 times fewer cases of prediabetes than a longer test. The glucose stress test identified more cases of both prediabetes and metabolic syndrome. Early detection is crucial, as it can prevent or delay diabetes.
Research at UT Southwestern Medical Center suggests that ghrelin levels rise with chronic stress, decreasing symptoms of depression and anxiety, but also increasing food intake and body weight. The findings provide new insights into the complex relationship between hunger hormones and mood regulation.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have created a small molecule, Isx-9, that can stimulate nerve stem cells to mature into nerve cells. This breakthrough could lead to new treatments for diseases such as Huntington's disease and brain cancer.
A new animal study suggests that estrogen treatment is not toxic per se, but its effects on the brain depend on an individual's reproductive age. In rats, estrogen therapy reduced brain damage when given before menopause, but increased it after, highlighting a narrow window of time for neuroprotective benefits.
A new study suggests that changes in ocean environments related to sea level exert a driving influence on rates of extinction, leading to the loss of up to 75-95% of species. The research links mass extinctions over time, establishing a common link and providing insight into who survives and who doesn't across these boundaries.
A new study found that some patients with type 2 diabetes can maintain good blood sugar control for years using non-insulin oral diabetic medications. The study of 191 veterans showed that 55% of patients remained on oral drugs and achieved improved hemoglobin A1c levels.
Researchers have developed a high-fidelity animal model of osteosarcoma by genetically modifying mice to lack the p53 and Rb tumor suppressor genes. This model closely recapitulates human osteosarcomagenesis, providing valuable insights into the disease's genetic contributions.
EhROM1 enzyme plays a crucial role in E. histolytica's immune evasion and surface protein shedding. The discovery paves the way for developing rhomboid inhibitors as a novel anti-parasitic strategy.
Researchers found a new enzyme, EhROM1, that helps the dysentery-causing amoeba evade the immune system. The enzyme is part of an ancient group of enzymes used by malaria parasites to enter host cells.
Researchers at the Genome Institute of Singapore have identified over 3,000 genomic hotspots critical for maintaining embryonic stem cell state. These findings may lead to the development of an inexhaustible source of clinically useful cells for regenerative medicine.
A study found that certain single nucleotide polymorphisms within the IL2RA gene region are associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Three specific SNPs were investigated and one was significantly associated with UK cases of JIA, especially in female patients and those positive for antinuclear antibodies.
A study by Hospital for Special Surgery found that same-day pregnancy testing reduces the risk of miscarriage during surgery, allowing patients to weigh the risks and benefits. The protocol also eliminates financial losses due to cancelled surgeries, making it a cost-effective measure for hospitals.
A new DNA microarray chip has been developed to predict severe disability and remission in RA patients, using genetic markers. The chip improves the accuracy of clinical scores in predicting functional impairment and disease remission.
NASA's Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC) uses gridded population products to assess exposed populations in disaster areas. The data helps officials understand population density and calculate casualties, projected homelessness, and secondary impacts.
New data from the ATTEST Trial shows that abatacept and infliximab can significantly improve clinical responses in methotrexate-refractory rheumatoid arthritis patients over time. Long-term treatment with these medications yields sustained benefits for managing chronic disease.
Studies find RA patients have a double risk of CVD events compared to the general population. The risk is comparable to that of people with type 2 diabetes. Healthcare professionals should advise patients on healthy lifestyle and early symptoms.
Researchers found that RA disease factors and CVD risk factors have a comparable impact on the risk of myocardial infarction or stroke. The study, which analyzed data from the CORRONA registry, identified specific RA factors such as nodules, HAQ-DI, and CDAI that increase the risk of cardiovascular events.
Two Montana State University graduate students, David Hoffman and Amin Nehrir, have been awarded prestigious $30,000 NASA fellowships for their research on lidar technology. They will work with top scientists at NASA's Langley Research Center, developing instruments to study the climate and atmospheric science.
A meta-analysis of 12 studies finds no association between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and weight gain in children and teens. Reducing or eliminating these drinks would have little impact on their weight, according to the study.
Researchers found that infants hospitalized for infection before their first birthday had a higher likelihood of developing JIA or adult rheumatoid arthritis later in life. The study also identified other factors, such as low birth weight and longer gestational periods, that may affect arthritis risk.
Research from the University of Pennsylvania reveals that hyponatremia is associated with worse right heart function and poorer patient outcomes in PAH patients. The study found that low serum sodium levels are linked to higher mortality rates, hospitalization rates, and severity of right heart failure.
Scientists have discovered a molecular trick used by Salmonella to evade the immune system, giving it crucial time to establish itself in the host before symptoms appear. The AvrA protein helps reduce inflammation, allowing the bacteria to avoid detection and spread more easily.
Researchers found extraterrestrial nucleobases in a Murchison meteorite fragment, suggesting early genetic materials came from space. The discovery supports the idea that life's raw materials are widespread in the cosmos.
The TRAF1/C5 gene locus is associated with both type 1 diabetes and systemic lupus erythematosus, with a common odds ratio of 1.19 and 1.22 respectively indicating a modest genetic risk factor for these diseases. The study suggests that this genetic pathway may be shared across autoimmune disorders.
The Phoenix Processor achieves a groundbreaking low-power design by focusing on its extreme sleep mode, which consumes just 30 picowatts. This innovation enables smaller battery sizes and overall system reductions, opening up new sensor applications.
RA patients prioritise pain, function, and fatigue when evaluating disease impact; trust in physicians, potential benefits, and payment are key motivators for clinical trial enrolment.
Rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory rheumatic diseases increase cardiovascular risk; EULAR Task Force recommends adapted risk calculators and lifestyle changes to mitigate this risk. Aggressive inflammation suppression also lowers CV risk in patients with these conditions.
A team of scientists found that lizards running on two legs is due to their acceleration, which creates a turning force acting on the lizard's torso, lifting it off the ground. The researchers suggest that 'pulling a wheelie' is the most likely explanation for the lizards' bipedalism.
Researchers used a study on pen choice to investigate Japanese and American cultural differences. Contrary to previous stereotypes, the findings suggest that cultural differences are not due to inherent preferences, but rather how individuals interpret ambiguous situations.
A $400,000 grant from the U.S. Department of Energy is funding a study to investigate the transport and environmental risks of nanomaterials. Researchers will examine how nanoparticles are partitioned and transported in the environment and human body.
Researchers identified sequence variations in the ARP gene that allow differentiating venereal syphilis from non-venereal Treponema pallidum subspecies. The findings have significant clinical, epidemiological and evolutionary implications.
Scientists analyzed ancient zircons to find evidence of heavy weathering by an acidic climate 4.3 billion years ago, suggesting the destruction of early rocks and possibly habitats for life. This discovery provides new insights into the Earth's habitability, contradicting previous theories on the formation and evolution of continents.
A new study found that 30.1% of patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis achieved disease remission with tocilizumab plus methotrexate. The treatment showed significant clinical improvements in efficacy and safety, with low rates of serious adverse effects.