A researcher is collecting coral spawn to study how corals respond to global warming. She hopes to acquire information about the impact of water temperature changes on corals and will use this knowledge to identify gene variants that provide resistance to abnormal water conditions.
Researchers found unusual vocal patterns in BTBR mice, which could be used to model impaired communication in autism. The study suggests that these unique patterns may resemble those seen in some autistic infants and young children.
A long-term study found that sudden vision loss leads to rapid changes in the visual cortex, enabling it to process touch. The brain's adaptability was revealed to be greater than previously thought, with potential implications for other sensory losses and brain injuries.
The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope has revealed its first all-sky map in gamma rays, showcasing the glowing gas of the Milky Way and pulsars in unprecedented detail. The telescope's high-energy capabilities will enable discoveries of new pulsars and reveal powerful processes near super-massive black holes.
A new study published in the Journal of Human Evolution debunks a long-held assumption that Homo sapiens were more intelligent than Neanderthals. The research team recreated stone tools used by both species and found no clear advantage in terms of efficiency. This finding challenges the traditional narrative that Homo sapiens outcompet...
A study by researchers at UCSF found that California's state tobacco control program saved $86 billion in personal healthcare costs over 15 years. The program prevented 3.6 billion packs of cigarettes from being smoked, resulting in significant health cost reductions.
A study analyzing prescription data found that anti-psychotic drug use increased by 20% among elderly patients with dementia after safety warnings were issued. The warnings, issued between 2002 and 2007, aimed to reduce the risk of stroke or death associated with these drugs.
Leonard Kleinrock, UCLA professor, is recognized for his pioneering work on packet switching and data networks. He developed the mathematical theory of data networks a decade before the Internet's birth and directed the first message to pass over the Internet.
A new study from Brigham Young University warns that the current DNA barcoding technique may be inaccurately identifying species, leading to overestimation of species numbers. The technique relies on a universal genetic marker, but errors can occur when 'numts' (inactive genetic code) are misinterpreted as unique species.
Abnormal tumor blood vessels are 'leaky' and 'twisty', hindering chemotherapy drug delivery. Researchers identify a key factor: tumor capillary cells' inability to sense mechanical forces, leading to irregular vessel formation. Normalizing these forces may improve therapy effectiveness.
A recent study published in PLOS Pathogens reveals that probiotic Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 can limit damage from infection-related inflammation. The research demonstrates the anti-inflammatory and pathogen protection benefits of this strain, suggesting potential benefits beyond gastrointestinal health.
The Blanco Transform Fault Zone has experienced over 1,500 earthquakes of magnitude 4.0 or greater in the past 40 years, with many thousands of smaller quakes. The region's tectonic stress may affect the Cascadia Subduction Zone, potentially leading to a major earthquake.
A large population study found a significant association between incense use and an increased risk of upper respiratory tract cancers, including squamous cell carcinomas. The study also suggested that incense smoke may add to the cancer risk in smokers, but not in non-smokers.
A decade of research into Jasmonate, a synthetic compound derived from the jasmine flower, has led to the development of an anti-cancer drug. Early first-in-man studies have proven successful, with the compound showing responsiveness to both blood cancers and solid tumors.
A new non-invasive cardiac imaging technology has been found to be highly accurate in detecting coronary artery stenosis, comparable to the traditional and more expensive invasive method. The study, conducted at 16 sites, involved 230 research volunteers with chest pain but no known coronary artery disease.
Researchers found that leptin can lower blood glucose levels and maintain them in a normal range for extended periods. The study shows promise for treating type 1 diabetes without insulin injections.
A prospective cohort study of 6107 Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes found a V-shaped risk relation between LDL cholesterol and cancer. Patients with low LDL cholesterol (below 2.80 mmol/L) or high levels (above 3.90 mmol/L) had significantly elevated risks of various cancers.
Research suggests that college freshmen can make their roommate relationships better by adopting an 'eco-system' approach, focusing on genuine caring and compassion. By doing so, they can reduce loneliness and build close relationships with their roommates.
Biologists studied male copulatory organ size and horn length in Onthophagus taurus, finding substantial differences between populations. The study suggests that natural selection can drive speciation by making individuals from different populations sexually incompatible, potentially leading to the origin of new species.
A recent study by Ben-Gurion University of the Negev and Georgia State University found that adolescents in Sderot, Israel, who experienced high levels of social support were better protected against depression caused by ongoing terror attacks. The research highlights the potential importance of community mental health efforts as prote...
Scientists at the University of Pittsburgh Center for Vaccine Research are testing vaccines designed to protect against the deadliest strain of avian flu, H5N1. The $3.6M grant will support animal studies using virus-like particles that could potentially offer enhanced protection against new strains.
The study found that as a child receives more resources from their father, the expression of imprinted genes is triggered, reversing the symptoms of Prader-Willi Syndrome. This discovery may help understand how social structure influences disease development.
Researchers at Loyola Medicine report a potential treatment for stroke patients that could restore functions and reverse damage. The technique involves anti-nogo-A immunotherapy, which has improved lab animal results and is being tested in human clinical trials.
The journal's editors emphasize the importance of universal access to basic surgical services, citing their cost-effectiveness in reducing child mortality and improving maternal health. The movement to promote surgery as a global public health tool has gained momentum, with potential benefits in addressing infectious diseases like HIV.
Genetic mutations and lower growth rates found among crustaceans in Parramatta River due to heavy metal exposure, suggesting permanent negative impacts on species fertility and survival. Researchers used a sensitive test organism, Melita plumulosa, to assess toxicity of marine sediments.
The US Medical Licensing Examination board has introduced an audio portion to its medical licensing exam, requiring students to identify heart murmurs and abnormal heart sounds. The skill level required is much higher than traditional curriculum, leading to increased dependence on expensive tests.
The CLOUD experiment aims to understand the role of cosmic rays in cloud formation and climate change. By simulating cosmic ray intensity, researchers plan to uncover details of aerosol and cloud formation mechanisms.
Researchers investigate how much alcohol exposure during fetal development can lead to facial malformations, brain damage, and other lifelong issues. Exposure to just a few glasses of wine in early pregnancy increases cell death, resulting in irreversible damage to the fetus's face and possibly its brain and spinal cord.
Research reveals that certain adult stem cells are more active than previously thought, actively controlling their behavior through the interaction between laminin A and integrins. This interaction enables follicle stem cells to remain in place, primed for division, by laying down laminin A to build their own niche.
Duke University researchers found that antipsychotic drugs may not work as previously assumed, and that the biochemical pathways linked to the D2 receptor may function differently than expected. The study suggests that targeting the beta-arrestin pathway could lead to more effective treatments with fewer side effects.
Scientists have discovered a 3D structure of an NS1 protein that suppresses human defenses against the flu virus, paving the way for new drug development. The breakthrough could lead to effective treatments for avian influenza and other human strains.
A study published in PLOS Biology suggests that sleep is crucial for brain function, allowing the brain to regroup after a hard day of learning. The research proposes that sleep enables the brain to consolidate new memories and 'forget' random impressions, making it essential for continued learning.
Researchers found 15% of amniotic fluid samples harbored bacteria or fungi, contributing to premature birth. The heavier the burden, the more likely a baby was born younger and sicker.
A study found that reproductive and hormonal factors influence the risk of developing different subtypes of breast cancer. Breastfeeding for 6 months or longer was associated with a lower risk of luminal and triple-negative cancers, while late age at menopause and estrogen therapy were linked to increased risks.
A new study by University of Tennessee professor Francisco Ubeda suggests that the amount of care a father gives to his child may cause a shift in the syndrome's symptoms, reversing them. The research implies that social structure and biparental care can shape disease symptoms over human evolution.
The Perspectives system uses friendly sites to authenticate Web sites, providing an extra measure of security in cases where certificate authorities are not used. The system can detect suspicious sites and warn users about potential attacks.
Researchers found that bluetongue virus can survive the winter by surviving in the eggs of Culicoides midges, or by overwintering in livestock barns. The virus can also spread through transplacental infections from an infected pregnant animal to its fetus.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory discovered an enzyme called Brk that accelerates HER2-positive tumor growth and contributes to drug resistance. The team found that targeting Brk may provide a safe strategy for treating ErbB2-positive tumors.
Research at the University of Warwick has challenged a century-old rule in pharmacology, suggesting that key chemicals can pass across cell walls much slower than predicted. The findings have major implications for the development and testing of future drugs.
Researchers are conducting the first-ever tests on a full-scale house to simulate hurricane-force winds, using pressure boxes to create realistic conditions. The goal is to understand how buildings fail and make them safer through basic additions and amendments.
Researchers at MGH confirmed a potential new therapy for type 1 diabetes by selectively killing autoimmune cells in human patients. The treatment, which blocks a metabolic pathway regulating the immune system, eliminates immune cells that react against a patient's own tissues.
Researchers discovered that combining a tumor-boosting drug with radiation therapy can effectively shrink large tumors, but not small ones. The treatment works by increasing the expression of vessel proteins required for killer T cells to target the tumor.
A study by Kansas State University researchers found that household surveys predict the inflation rate fairly accurately and as well as professional economists. Consumers participating in surveys are more likely to think about how much they spent at the grocery store that week.
Researchers found that steady blood flow creates frictional force and stretching force that protect blood vessels from atherosclerosis. The study identified proteins involved in this process, including PECAM-1 and Fyn, which could lead to the development of new therapies.
Studies across various species reveal that animals adjust their vocalizations to suit different social contexts, such as altering call duration and frequency in response to competition. This adaptability enables individuals to communicate effectively and navigate noisy environments.
Rice University professors Ka-Yiu San and George Bennett have developed an eco-friendly bacterial process to speed up pharmaceutical production and reduce costs. The new method uses metabolically engineered E. coli cells to continually replenish the supply of NADPH, a critical cofactor in forming chiral compounds.
Researchers found that 90% of deceased bats showed internal hemorrhaging consistent with barotrauma, highlighting the vulnerability of these mammals to wind turbine hazards. The unique respiratory system of bats makes them more susceptible to air pressure drops, which can cause fatal injuries.
A new study published in PLOS Medicine found that tobacco control programs in California reduced personal health care expenditures by $86 billion between 1989 and 2004. The program's cost savings grew over time, reaching 7.3% in 2003-2004, and represented a significant return on investment for the state.
Monkeys predominantly chose sharing tokens with relatives and familiar individuals, showing empathy-driven prosocial behavior. The study suggests that giving may be self-rewarding for monkeys due to social closeness.
CSIRO scientists have developed two new Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technologies to improve navigation in remote areas. The systems will support personnel safety, traffic management, collision avoidance, and haul truck operation efficiency.
Scientists have discovered gene mutations that cause inherited neuroblastoma, the most common childhood cancer. The mutations also play a significant role in high-risk non-inherited forms of the disease, leading to new testing opportunities and potential targeted therapies.
A new approach is required to address the growing issue of child abuse and neglect in Australia, with a focus on preventing abuse before it occurs. The current system's emphasis on intervening after harm has been done is deemed unethical and ineffective.
This study investigates the 3D rupture conformations of a surface fault under biaxial compression, revealing three stages of crack growth and introducing the concept of anti-wing cracks. The results provide fundamental understanding of surface fault propagation and have significant implications for future studies on active fault movement.
A recent brain study has identified the brain regions that interact to link knowledge of socially appropriate behavior with moral sentiments like pride and guilt. The findings suggest that social behavior not conforming to an individual's values evokes feelings of anger or guilt, which may be relevant to understanding depression.
Researchers found that aggressive treatment with at least five effective drugs can cure XDR TB, reversing the chronic features of the disease in many patients. This approach also prevents high mortality rates and further transmission of drug-resistant strains.
Researchers have discovered that a protein called Est3 recognizes where to report to work through a specific 3-dimensional shape displayed on its surface. This finding has propelled forward studies of Est3's role in elongating chromosome ends and saving cells from premature growth arrest.
Montana State University will incorporate more wind-related topics into existing engineering courses, educating students about wind energy and preparing them for jobs in the industry. The university aims to support Montana's growing wind industry and provide valuable technical experience.
A national survey found that the majority of health journalists lack specialized training in health reporting and struggle to communicate complex medical science developments. Journalists reported quoting experts, avoiding technical terms, and providing data as key elements to making health information understandable.
A study published in Journal of Consumer Research found that simply asking people if they're willing to volunteer their time leads to increased donations of both time and money. This effect cannot be explained by guilt or feelings of obligation, suggesting a deeper psychological connection between giving time and experiencing happiness.
A new study reveals that consumers tend to avoid the largest and smallest options when it comes to soft drinks. By eliminating small drink sizes and adding larger ones, retailers have seen a 15% increase in high-calorie drink consumption. Reversing this trend could curb soft drink consumption with only a slight reduction in profit.