Researchers at Delft University of Technology have demonstrated the avalanche effect in semiconducting nanocrystals, which could lead to higher output and lower manufacturing costs for solar cells. The findings show that specific crystals can release two or three electrons per photon, potentially increasing output to 44%.
Scientists at Karolinska Institutet have developed a new, cheaper DNA-sequence method that can map disease genes in large patient groups, leading to quicker breakthroughs for new treatments.
Consuming cocoa flavanol-rich beverages daily can positively impact blood vessel dysfunction associated with type-2 diabetes. A 30-day trial found a 30% improvement in measured vessel function among participants who regularly consumed a flavanol-rich beverage.
Researchers found that adding noninvasive imaging to risk-assessment protocols increased the number of people classified as high risk for heart disease. This approach is proposed by the Screening for Heart Attack Prevention and Education task force, which aims to identify more patients who could benefit from cholesterol-lowering therapy.
Researchers found that short-term use of antipsychotics in older adults with dementia increases the risk of hospitalization or death. Atypical and conventional antipsychotics both carry a significant risk of serious adverse events, with the former being three times more likely to cause harm than the latter.
Research found that individuals with gum disease have an increased risk of various cancers, including lung, kidney, and pancreatic cancers. Gum disease was associated with a 14% higher overall cancer risk compared to those without gum disease.
Low testosterone levels in men are often untreated, even among those with sufficient healthcare access, according to a study of Boston-area men. Despite this, treated and untreated men report similar healthcare visits, suggesting barriers may lie in diagnosis or prescription issues.
Indigenous Australians are more likely to have preventable cancers, such as lung and liver cancer, with poorer prognosis and late diagnosis. Improving tobacco control and health services is crucial to reducing cancer burden.
Researchers found that carrying alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency increases lung cancer risk in smokers and nonsmokers, with the genetic disorder explaining up to 12% of lung cancer patients. Individuals who carry the gene should be screened for lung cancer and avoid potential carcinogens.
A genetic disorder previously associated with lung disease may also increase lung cancer risk, according to a study. Researchers found that carriers of the disorder had a 70-100% increased risk of lung cancer compared to non-carriers.
A study found that nearly half of heart disease patients have poor knowledge about heart attack symptoms, which can lead to delayed treatment and reduced survival rates. The researchers suggest that targeted education efforts during medical office visits can help improve knowledge and outcomes for these high-risk patients.
Researchers found that 'flat' carbonated drinks lack essential salts and sugars for oral rehydration solution. They contain too much sugar and not enough sodium and potassium, making them an inadequate alternative.
Research suggests that high-flavanol cocoa can improve blood vessel function in people with type 2 diabetes, rivaling the benefits of exercise and common medications. Flavanols may help increase nitric oxide production, reducing artery stress and promoting cardiovascular health.
Researchers at Emory University developed an intrabody that binds to mutant huntingtin, reducing clumps and alleviating motor problems in mice. The study suggests a strategy for dissecting harmful effects of protein aggregates in other neurodegenerative diseases.
Scientists discover a new gene, sphinx, in Drosophila melanogaster that regulates male-male courtship behavior. The absence of the gene leads to increased male-male interaction and altered mating habits.
Researchers at Heidelberg University Hospital have discovered a new approach to immunize against certain types of cancer. They found that immune cells react strongly to modified proteins in tumor cells with DNA repair defects, which are present in around 15% of all tumors.
A new study predicts that buckyballs can easily absorb into animal cells, providing a possible explanation for their toxicity. The molecules were found to dissolve in cell membranes, pass into cells, and cause damage.
A new guideline developed by the American Academy of Neurology found that vertigo can be effectively treated with simple head and body movements. The Epley maneuver was deemed safe and effective for people of all ages, while restrictions on activity after treatment were not supported.