A new study found that fructose intolerance is common in children with recurrent or functional abdominal pain, affecting 53.9% of patients. A low-fructose diet was effective in resolving symptoms in 67.7% of patients, highlighting the importance of identifying and managing this condition.
Scientists at University of Cambridge discover how sloths evolved their unique neck skeleton, finding early bone formation in distal neck vertebrae. The study reveals that sloth's bottom neck vertebrae are developmentally similar to ribcage vertebrae of other mammals.
Researchers will investigate microbial community diversity, structure, and responses to climate change in two ecosystems. The studies could inform U.S. policy on climate change and advance the field of microbial ecology.
Researchers at Queensland University of Technology have identified a specific vitamin E constituent that can inhibit the growth of prostate tumors. The treatment, tocotrienol (T3), has shown promise in animal trials, with complete inhibition of tumor formation in over 70% of mice implanted with prostate cancer cells.
Rice University scientists used evolutionary theory to show that globalization makes the global economy more sensitive to recessionary shocks and recovers more slowly from them. The researchers found a trend of increasing modularity in the trade network since 1969, but also a brief increase in modularity after each recession.
Researchers have discovered a crucial mechanism for regulating gene expression, where noncoding RNAs interact with DNA to silence specific genes. This breakthrough sheds light on the complex interactions between epigenetic regulation and noncoding RNA molecules.
Researchers have developed a new method to explore the olfactory system in mammals, revealing that there are many more information output channels leaving the olfactory bulb than previously thought. This complexity may help the brain rapidly make accurate odor distinctions.
Researchers warn of 'dire' funding situation for biological research databases, highlighting the need for long-term sustainability. A study reviews business models and suggests a global change in funding policies is necessary to support cyberinfrastructure.
A new study found that clenching muscles can increase willpower by activating the mind-body connection. Participants who tightened their muscles demonstrated greater ability to withstand pain and make healthy choices.
Studies reveal notable disparities in colorectal cancer diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes among different racial groups. African Americans are advised to start screening at age 45, while Hispanics have lower screening rates and worse survival rates after diagnosis. The findings suggest that earlier screening may be recommended for His...
A research team at Brown University has discovered a key chemical process involved in the development of cancer, particularly breast cancer. The study found that prolactin receptors can come together to form a structure that picks up growth factors leading to cancerous growth.
A study found that shoppers are more likely to buy unhealthy foods when paying with credit or debit cards. The authors suggest this is due to the psychological pain of payment, which can curb impulsive behavior. This connection may be linked to the rising obesity epidemic in the US.
Researchers at UCLA's Jonsson Cancer Center found that combining curcumin with Cisplatin suppresses head and neck cancer cell growth, slowing tumor progression. The study showed that curcumin regulates cell cycling, inhibiting cancer-promoting NFκB.
Rural Cogeneration has developed a solar generator that can bring electricity to remote areas worldwide. The project uses a Rankine engine and mirrors to generate power and hot water, with plans to manufacture locally and train local maintenance personnel.
Researchers at the University of Leeds discovered a 100-million-year-old gene mutation that led to differences in how plants produce male and female parts. The study found that the mutation, which occurred around 20 million years ago, creates a new role for one of the duplicate genes, enabling it to make both male and female parts.
Research suggests a connection between vitamin D levels and skin cancer risk in individuals with basal cell nevus syndrome. Patients with this condition are found to be more likely to have low vitamin D levels, even when taking sun protection measures.
Lowering STEP protein levels reversed cognitive deficits in mice with Alzheimer's disease, according to a Yale University study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The research found that reducing STEP levels is sufficient to reverse cognitive defects in mice without the Alzheimer's mutation.
Researchers at MU found that celebrity health stories can have a positive impact on consumers, with readers considering context and weighing moral implications before judging a behavior. The study suggests that experienced consumers are more likely to respond strongly to health messages from celebrities.
A new study found that an intestinal enzyme helps maintain a healthy balance of beneficial bacteria in the gut, potentially preventing serious health issues. The enzyme, IAP, blocks toxic molecules on pathogenic bacteria and restores beneficial E. coli strains after antibiotic treatment.
Researchers found that naturally raised steers can be produced effectively in either confinement or pasture finishing systems, but require a premium of $110 to justify costs. Pasture finishing is more profitable and results in higher quality grades.
Studies found that acid reflux and functional dyspepsia patients are more likely to experience disordered sleep, with exercise and routine decreasing the risk. Baclofen and esomeprazole show promise as treatments for improving sleep quality in nighttime heartburn sufferers.
A National Stroke Association survey reveals that 53% of stroke survivors suffer from pseudobulbar affect (PBA), a condition causing involuntary laughter or crying. PBA symptoms interfere with daily activities and relationships, but few are aware of the condition.
A study analyzing H1N1 antibody levels suggests a third wave is unlikely in 2010. Adults aged 50-79 years are at a higher risk of severe outcomes if infected.
A systematic review of 22 studies with over 2.5 million participants found a statistically significant reduction in colorectal cancer risk among statin users. Long-term use of statins, particularly lipophilic types like atorvastatin, was associated with the strongest effect.
A consortium of researchers has designed an early phase safety trial to assess mosaic vaccines in humans. The trial aims to test the mosaic concept and potentially lead to the next generation of HIV vaccine candidates.
Studies found that obese individuals have impaired autonomic function, leading to overeating. Obestatin levels were also linked to weight loss after bariatric surgery. Researchers hope to pursue obestatin as a potential indicator of surgery efficacy.
Research published in the Oxford Journal Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience found that exposure to violent media can lead to decreased brain activation in regions involved in emotions and emotional responses. This desensitization can result in increased acceptance of violence and a reduced likelihood of forming consequences wi...
Researchers found that people spend more money on purchases for themselves when they feel powerful and less when powerless. However, those in high-power states tend to be happier when bidding for someone else, not themselves.
Researchers found that bacteria from the mouth and gut can enter the body and contribute to inflammation and plaque rupture in atherosclerosis. The study identified specific bacteria, such as Pseudomonas luteola and Chlamydia pneumoniae, which were present in both atherosclerotic plaques and the mouths and guts of patients.
New studies by Michigan Medicine's Child Health Evaluation and Research Unit found no increase in the number of nurse practitioners and physician assistants entering pediatric care, despite overall increases. Healthcare systems need to rethink future plans as they transition to caring for an aging population.
A Colorado liability insurance database revealed that wrong-site and wrong-patient procedures continued to occur after nationwide steps to prevent them. The study found that non-surgical disciplines also contribute to patient injuries related to wrong-site procedures.
A team of geophysicists led by Harry Green at UC Riverside presents evidence contradicting the widely-held view that large amounts of water are carried to the deep mantle in subducting slabs. The study suggests that these slabs are essentially dry, with no pathway for significant amounts of water to enter the lower mantle.
A study found that removing 2mm around invasive breast cancer tumors reduces residual disease in 98% of patients, according to a research published in the International Journal of Clinical Practice. The study also showed that patients with non-invasive cancer have higher rates of residual disease.
The new guidelines, published by Elsevier, provide detailed advice for healthcare professionals on how to treat cardiac arrest and continue treatment after the heart has been restarted. In many cases, therapeutic hypothermia is recommended to increase survival rates.
New evidence supports the power of open access in increasing citation impact for higher-quality research. The study found that mandatory and self-selected open access articles have similar citation impacts, contradicting the self-selection bias hypothesis.
Researchers found new mechanisms of protease activation, which helps spread cancer. The loss of protease inhibitors antiplasmin and antithrombin occur more in blood from cancer patients compared to healthy persons' blood.
Early evaluation and intervention are critical for vaccinated children with hearing loss due to pneumococcal meningitis. Successful treatment involves simultaneous cochlear implantation in both ears, often within 36.8 days of diagnosis, to preserve potential for binaural hearing.
A survey of patients undergoing skin cancer screening reveals that women are more likely to seek screening due to a skin lesion, family history, or sun exposure concerns. In contrast, men over 50 tend to only seek screenings after a previous skin cancer diagnosis.
A new Penn study has found a class of drug that can enter the brain and stabilize degenerating neurons in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease. The epothilone D class of microtubule-stabilizing drugs may offer hope for treatment by restoring microtubule tracks to their original supportive structure.
A new study found that beauty product ads lower female consumers' self-esteem by making them compare their attractiveness levels to the products. The study also showed that problem-solving products do not have this effect, suggesting a specific impact of beauty-enhancing products on consumer perception.
Researchers have identified a potential therapeutic target for basal-like ER-negative breast cancer. High levels of the protein NOS2 are associated with poor survival in these patients. Selective NOS2 inhibitors may offer new treatment options for this aggressive subtype.
Two Japanese research teams have reported breakthrough studies in liver cell transplantation, with one team finding that induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) can differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells and another team successfully transplanting porcine hepatocytes into mice with acute liver failure, highlighting progress in overcomin...
Mutualist systems may play crucial roles in global ecosystem health, but human impacts are forcing them down unprecedented evolutionary paths. Research suggests that small changes or shifts in mutualistic relationships could be the most potent global disruptions.
A seven-year study found that higher levels of vitamin B12 reduced the risk of Alzheimer's disease by two percent, while low homocysteine levels were associated with a 16% increased risk. The study suggests that vitamin B12 may be used as a supplement to help protect memory.
Scientists at the University of Michigan have identified four new DNA hotspots that may aid in developing new treatments for psoriasis. The study, published in Nature Genetics, builds on past work by U-M researchers and provides a better understanding of the hereditary factors of the disease.
A recent study published in European Urology found that nearly 87% of prostate cancer patients who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy had no recurrence after five years. The study, led by Dr. Mani Menon, suggests that robotic-assisted surgery is an effective treatment for localized prostate cancer.
A new study suggests that investing in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs targeting the pre-Medicare population could lead to significant cost savings. The research found that increased CRC screening led to lower treatment costs for individuals aged 50 and over, which would be recouped after they transitioned to Medicare at age...
A peer partnership program improved diabetes patients' conditions by reducing blood sugar levels and increasing insulin therapy rates compared to traditional nurse care management. The study found that peer support activated patients to take a more active role in managing their condition.
Researchers at Rice University are testing a nanoparticle designed to diagnose and treat pancreatic cancer, which is notoriously difficult to treat with a five-year preclinical testing program funded by the National Cancer Institute.
Researchers at UC Berkeley have achieved the largest observed parity violation in atoms, exceeding previous tests by a factor of 100. Additionally, they measured a non-changing fine structure constant within one part in 1015 per year, setting a goal for further precision.
A study published in Annals of Internal Medicine questions the foundation of placebo-controlled trials, citing a lack of standardization and regulation for placebo ingredients. The researchers found that only 10% of cases disclose the makeup of placebos, leading to potential biases in study results.
Researchers found that magnetic resonance enteroscopy (MRE) and capsule endoscopy are useful in managing patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and avoiding ionizing radiation. Studies showed that MRE can effectively diagnose Crohn's disease without exposure to ionizing radiation.
A collaborative approach to sharing patient safety data among Michigan hospitals has led to a nearly 10% reduction in surgical complications. The study, which examined general and vascular surgeries between 2005 and 2007, also found improvements in reducing blood infections, septic shock, prolonged ventilator use, and cardiac arrest.
The LA-SiGMA project will develop tools for materials simulations, benefiting public through faster computers, industrial catalysts, energy storage materials, and drug delivery systems.
A new study found that people are willing to pay an envy premium for products they covet when motivated by benign envy. Malicious envy, on the other hand, leads to a desire to 'pull down' others, causing consumers to seek alternative products. This can result in increased sales of competing brands.
A study found that Medicare's hospital comparison website does not effectively help patients choose high-quality hospitals for high-risk surgeries. Compliance scores on the website did not correlate with patient mortality rates, suggesting that current data may not be useful in identifying better-performing facilities.
Researchers at Penn Medicine measured the collaborative nature of translational medicine using network analysis, finding that ITMAT members' collaborative papers doubled since 2006. They also discovered that researchers were more likely to collaborate within their own departments and institutions rather than across them.
Researchers found a 65% increased incidence of C difficile associated diarrhea among proton pump inhibitor users. The introduction of National Hospital Quality Measures also led to an increase in antibiotic use, contributing to rising C difficile rates.
NASA has formed a single systems engineering organization for its James Webb Space Telescope, combining Northrop Grumman's expertise with NASA's mission-level decision-making. The new team aims to streamline communication and decision-making, reducing costs and meeting the launch goal with minimal risk.
A computational model of a swimming fish has been developed to simulate the interaction of both internal and external forces on locomotion. The study reveals that body stiffness is crucial in determining how well a fish swims, with stiffer bodies accelerating faster but expending more energy.