A study of 36 rivers found that human activities such as droughts and floods alter the length of food chains, particularly eliminating top predators like large-bodied fish. Climate change will exacerbate these effects, making it crucial to factor in the fate of large-bodied fishes in water management.
Dr. Rodrigue's five-year grant will examine the role of risk factors in shaping brain and cognitive aging, with a focus on Alzheimer's disease and vascular health. The project aims to develop preventive approaches for successful aging.
Genomic Systems announces a major breakthrough in treating terminal cancer, citing research published in PNAS that shows an anti-PECAM-1 antibody is effective against three common fatal cancers in mice. The treatment targets normal endothelial cells rather than directly attacking cancer cells.
Researchers at the University of Calgary have discovered that damaged tissue can release signals that attract white blood cells, leading to inappropriate inflammation. The team used innovative imaging techniques to observe this process in real-time, shedding light on potential new treatments for inflammatory diseases.
Researchers at Penn School Medicine identified the steps controlling CD45 protein's different forms, essential for activating the immune system. The study's findings have implications for understanding autoimmune and neurological diseases.
Researchers at NRL have discovered the nature of interactions between water-soluble semi-conductor quantum dots and dopamine, revealing a new way to detect changes in solution pH. The nano-scale sensor can visualize pH changes inside cells.
Researchers found that humidity helps geckos grip tighter by softening the surface of their feet, not through microscopic water bridges. The setae's increased softness strengthens contact with surfaces and makes it easier for geckos to peel their feet off.
Overweight children experience a stronger effect of body mass index (BMI) on blood pressure compared to normal-weight peers. Even modest reductions in BMI may have a substantial positive impact on blood pressure in overweight kids.
A fluorescent image of the mosquito heart, taken by Vanderbilt graduate student Jonas King, has won first place in Nikon's 'Small World' 2010 photomicrography competition. The image showcases the unique structure and function of the mosquito's circulatory system.
The Electron Beam Ion Source (EBIS) will produce and accelerate beams with greater versatility than the current system, allowing studies with new kinds of ions previously unavailable to researchers. EBIS can start with positive ions or even neutral atoms, creating ion beams from almost any element.
A new £2.4 million research project aims to develop technologies that can help respond to global health, transportation, energy and climate challenges. The project will focus on improving the fuel efficiency of air and marine transport, as well as developing new techniques for simulating fluid dynamics at the micro and nano scales.
A diet study led by Lund University found that a specific diet high in antioxidants, omega fatty acids, and wholegrain products can improve memory and cognitive function. The diet also significantly reduced blood lipids, blood pressure, and inflammation markers.
The project will examine the feasibility of extending service-level agreements to cover aspects such as data integrity, information leakage control, and fair market pricing. The team aims to define a viable marketplace for cloud computing resources where users can verify the performance, security and privacy of acquired services.
A renowned gynecologic oncologist expresses concerns about a major ovarian cancer study, highlighting the need for targeted genetics-based treatments over delayed treatment timing. The study found no significant difference in survival rates between early and delayed chemotherapy groups.
A study published in PLoS ONE found that Tyrannosaurus rex had bite marks on its own bones, indicating cannibalism. The research suggests that T. rex may have eaten smaller dinosaurs as well, and that its eating habits were different from those of modern species.
A new study published in the journal Pain found that yoga exercises can effectively counteract fibromyalgia symptoms, including pain, fatigue, stiffness, and depression. The research involved 53 female participants who underwent an eight-week yoga program, resulting in clinically significant improvements in their conditions.
A scientific risk assessment examined Poplar's introduction for biofuel production, revealing hybridization patterns with native populations. The study found complex interbreeding and genetic shift in native species, highlighting the need for monitoring and regulatory guidelines.
A NASA study reveals that carbon dioxide plays a crucial role in regulating Earth's temperature, accounting for 25% of the greenhouse effect. The research demonstrates that without non-condensing greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, water vapor and clouds cannot sustain the planet's greenhouse effect.
Research highlights that kidney disease patients' blood pressure management needs are not one-size-fits-all, with age, race, and diabetes affecting mortality risk. The rate of kidney function decline also significantly impacts patient prognosis, suggesting a need for tailored strategies to protect kidney function.
Researchers found that proteins importing structural material and regulating its import determine cell size. By manipulating these proteins, they can make a smaller species' nuclei balloon up to the size of a larger one. This discovery could lead to new insights into nuclear size regulation in cancer cells.
A UCLA study found that exposing fetal neurons to high levels of the immune protein MHC leads to abnormal brain development in mice. This discovery may provide new insights into factors contributing to human neurological disorders like schizophrenia and autism.
A joint research project between Georgia State University and Emory University will study hospital length of stay to improve medical decision making and lower healthcare costs. The researchers will develop decision support computer software to aid physicians in making optimal discharge decisions.
Researchers aim to optimize women's health by examining bacterial balance in the vagina. The Vaginal Microbiome Project will develop diagnostic tests to prevent preterm birth, a major consequence of abnormal bacterial balance.
Researchers pinpointed the exact date of a February 2009 asteroid collision using computer simulations and OSIRIS camera system images. The debris trail's three-dimensional shape, visible from a unique Rosetta space probe viewpoint, helped reconstruct the collision in detail.
A study published in The Lancet found that dispatcher-assisted CPR producing chest compression only results in improved survival rates compared to standard CPR. Continuous uninterrupted chest compressions are vital for successful CPR, and avoiding mouth-to-mouth ventilation increases the probability of a successful outcome.
A new study found that only one-fifth of primary care physicians follow practice guidelines for all recommended colorectal cancer screening tests. Many clinicians overuse or underuse screening, leading to unnecessary testing and potential complications.
Scientists have developed an improved laser-based technique to detect traces of key molecules in a gas, including greenhouse gases and pollutants. The new technology can identify a wider variety of molecules with lower concentration levels than before, making it suitable for applications such as breath analysis and atmospheric monitoring.
Children from lower-income households benefit more when their mothers enter the workforce, according to a comprehensive analysis of 50 years of research. The study found that mothers who returned to work soon after childbirth had little impact on their children's long-term well-being.
Researchers found a new training method to reduce sensory eye dominance by making the weak eye work while suppressing vision in the strong eye. This approach improves depth perception and may be beneficial for professions that require fine depth perception, such as dentists and surgeons.
Routinely giving ondansetron to children with gastroenteritis-induced vomiting can prevent thousands of hospitalizations. The medication also saves millions of dollars each year due to reduced need for intravenous fluids and hospital admissions.
Researchers successfully tracked a human heartbeat using NIST's miniature atom-based magnetic sensor, confirming its potential for biomedical applications. The device measured the heart's magnetic signature in picoteslas and demonstrated sensing stability lasting tens of seconds.
A national research team led by UC San Diego scientists created the first lipidome of human plasma, discovering hundreds more fats than previously known. The findings reveal lipids' diverse roles beyond energy storage and cell membrane building, including signaling molecules that may play a role in diseases like diabetes and cancer.
A new research method has provided unprecedented clarity on the behavior of the HIV protein Gag, which plays critical roles in the assembly of the human immunodeficiency virus. The study reveals new conformations of the protein and offers potential avenues for developing antiviral drugs.
Researchers analyzed 16,000 traits in the worm Caenorhabditis elegans to find that genes located near the ends of chromosomes varied more than those in the middle. This discovery suggests that evolution is less about trait characteristics and more about where genes affecting those traits reside.
Researchers have developed PiggyBac, a genetic tool that can speed the discovery of novel genes involved in cancer. The system has identified new candidate cancer-causing genes and will complement advances in genomics and genetics of cancer.
Researchers at UF are part of a nationwide team sequencing the Amborella trichopoda genome, a large shrub found only on the South Pacific island of New Caledonia. The information will help researchers determine whether specific genes or processes are unique to particular plants or date back to the beginnings of angiosperm evolution.
Researchers at Rockefeller University identified a gene called Sept4 that regulates programmed cell death in precursor cells, which can increase the risk of developing cancer. The study found that mice lacking the Sept4 gene had twice as many hematopoietic stem cells and were more susceptible to tumors.
Researchers identified characteristics that predict which children with OCD will benefit from specific treatments. Children with less severe symptoms and those who recognize their irrational thoughts as such showed greater improvement in various treatments.
A new study found that waist circumference is a better predictor of future cardiovascular disease and diabetes than body mass index (BMI) in children. Children with high waist circumferences were five to six times more likely to develop metabolic syndrome by early adulthood.
The Eastern marsh helleborine orchid produces alarm substances that mimic aphid pheromones, attracting five species of hoverflies. Hoverfly females lay eggs in the flower, which also provides a small amount of nectar as a reward.
A new study pinpoints threats to life in the world's rivers, citing climate change as a major factor. Researchers found that large predators will be threatened by changing water flows, while longer food chains support more organisms and larger predators.
A study of Caribbean families found that genetic factors influence aldosterone production and blood pressure in individuals of African descent. Genetic data revealed a strong association between aldosterone levels and diastolic blood pressure readings.
Researchers identified multiple genetic mutations associated with childhood obesity, including deletions and duplications of specific genes. The study reveals unique genetic profiles exclusive to two ethnicities, offering new insights into the complex biology underlying childhood obesity.
Lakeland Surgical & Diagnostic Center CEO David G. Daniel received the APIC Healthcare Administrator Award for his efforts to virtually eliminate healthcare-associated infections at his facility. His leadership led to a significant reduction in surgical site infections, with infection rates declining every year since 2006.
The Ohio State University and Ohio Supercomputer Center have received a four-year, $1.675 million federal grant to develop a computer tool called the Integrated Computational System for Energy Pricing and Policy (ICS-EPP). This model will enable analysis of various scenarios, including the cost of adding electric vehicles to the grid a...
A new report highlights the severe impact of spinal fractures caused by osteoporosis, with millions at risk of further fractures and long-term disability. Experts call for early diagnosis and treatment to prevent devastating consequences.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota Medical School studied two closely linked genes that contribute to hearing function in mice, revealing separate maintenance pathways for β-actin and γ-actin proteins. These findings suggest important roles for each protein in maintaining auditory function during aging.
Researchers at NYU have developed a method to prevent the growth of crystals that form cystine kidney stones by using a synthetic inhibitor. This breakthrough may lead to a new approach to preventing cystine stones and offers hope for individuals affected by this disease.
Researchers at NIST demonstrated the conversion of near-infrared single photons to a near-visible wavelength, aiding hybrid quantum systems. This enables devices to generate and store photons with conflicting requirements, enhancing quantum communication, computation, and metrology.
A new study published in Pain found that a 'Yoga of Awareness' program improved fibromyalgia symptoms and functioning in women, with significant benefits in pain management and coping strategies. The program incorporated various yoga-based techniques, including postures, mindfulness meditation, and breathing exercises.
Researcher Stelios Kazantzidis uses Ohio Supercomputer Center's powerful systems to model galaxy mergers and simulate the formation of massive black holes. His work has potential to shed light on astrophysical phenomena and verify general relativity.
A UT Dallas professor designed a mass spectrometer that analyzed soil samples from Mars, revealing the ratio of carbon dioxide isotopes and their reaction to volcanic activity. This provides a more complete understanding of the current Martian atmosphere and climate history.
Research reveals overseas nurses face negative experiences, discrimination, and racism in the UK NHS. The study suggests improving job satisfaction and valuing their skills is crucial for retaining international nurses.
A new method for molecular imaging in cells using CARS technique reduces power levels while increasing speed, enabling detailed molecular maps without damaging cells. This breakthrough opens the door for widespread use of vibrational spectroscopy in biology and clinical diagnosis.
Researchers in Bangladesh have developed a biofilter that can extract toxic ammonia from vented gases using microbes and wood charcoal. The biofilter achieved approximately 93% removal of ammonia gas within seven days.
A meta-analysis published in The Lancet found that chest compression-only CPR improved survival rates by 22% compared to standard CPR. The study analyzed data from over 3,700 cardiac arrest patients and found the benefit occurred only when 911 dispatchers coached bystanders to use chest compression-only CPR.
Using new optics technology developed at the University of Arizona's Steward Observatory, astronomers have obtained images of a planet on a closer orbit around its parent star than any other extrasolar planet previously found. The discovery enables scientists to search for planets closer to the star than has been previously possible.
A study published in Genes & Development found that blocking the action of an enzyme called PDE-4D3 leads to a significant increase in melanin production. This could lead to a novel way of protecting the skin from cancer-causing UV radiation, without the need for sunless tanning or indoor tanning.
A new study finds that three-year-olds have a specific, highly robust bias to trust testimony, prioritizing verbal information over visual cues. This trust in verbal testimony can lead to continued acceptance of misinformation even after repeated corrections.
The DFG is establishing four new Research Units to explore topics such as sacrality in pre-modern era, placebo and nocebo effects, and developing new methods for surgical interventions on the skull. These units aim to enable researchers to devote themselves to current issues and develop new approaches.