The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) will present technical achievement awards to recognize outstanding contributions in aerospace power systems and energy efficiency. Edward M. Gaddy and Essam Khalil are among the recipients, honored for their work on space photovoltaics and energy-efficient combustors.
A study by MU researchers found that top citizen websites and bloggers lack staff and financial resources to provide adequate coverage. The team's findings highlight the need for effective journalistic presence in democracy, as many newspapers and broadcast outlets struggle financially.
Researchers identify pheromone blend that prevents termites from becoming queens, balancing colony population. The discovery reveals crucial role of chemical compounds in regulating termite castes, advancing understanding of insect social behavior and colony management.
A global collaboration found that Volvox and Chlamydomonas algae share a common list of protein parts, suggesting limited innovation in the transition to multicellularity. Key discoveries include increased ECM proteins, cyclin D proteins, and novel gene functions.
Researchers found significant changes in oceanic circulation that followed glacial retreat, moderating climate change. The study provides insights into major climate swings and helps understand what drives glacial and interglacial cycles.
The maglev haptic interface, developed at Carnegie Mellon since 1997, provides highly realistic feedback for users to perceive textures and feel hard contacts. It has applications in controlling remote robots and simulation technologies for dental training and biopsy needle insertion.
A study found that pianists' ability to sight-read music is linked to their working memory capacity, not just practice time. Working memory plays a crucial role in musicians' performance, with even significant amounts of practice unable to compensate for poor cognitive abilities.
Researchers created FucM mouse mutants to investigate the role of the fucose mutarotase enzyme in sexual preference. The study found that female mice with the gene knockout displayed drastically reduced sexual receptivity and altered brain development, leading to masculine-like behavior.
Researchers found that home care equivalent to hospital care for patients with cystic fibrosis does not compromise lung function recovery, with optimal duration of therapy ranging from 7-10 days. Longer treatment courses do not offer additional benefits.
Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital found a gene that regulates transcriptional elongation, enabling the body to rapidly produce mature red blood cells. This discovery may have implications for treating severe anemia and leukemia by understanding how the body can quickly switch on production of red cells.
The President of India will inaugurate the International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) 2010 in Hyderabad, awarding Fields Medal and other prestigious prizes. The ICM is a periodic event bringing together 3000 mathematicians from around the world, marking a significant recognition of India's growing role in mathematics.
Researchers found that synchronized male flashing is more recognizable to females, suggesting a physiological problem in the females' information processing. This phenomenon helps maintain the fidelity of the signal in crowded areas with many unrecognizable flashes.
Researchers at Rice University discovered that strong magnetic fields can transform highly conductive carbon nanotubes into semiconductors. By applying a magnetic field, a band gap opens up and the material becomes an insulator.
Researchers identified a previously unknown genetic location on chromosome 2p causing familial focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), a common cause of kidney failure worldwide. The discovery may provide clues to disease mechanisms and lead to identification of specific and less toxic therapies.
Researchers have found two human antibodies, VRC01 and VRC02, that can neutralize over 90% of known HIV strains. These antibodies could be used to design improved HIV vaccines or developed as a therapy for HIV infection. The discovery was made using a novel molecular device that targets specific cells making antibodies against HIV.
A new study from Queen's University has found that the growth of malignant melanoma can be slowed when MicroRNA 193b is added. Increased levels of miR-193b led to lower levels of cyclin D1 and decreased melanoma cell growth.
A large multicentre study found that early antiviral treatment reduced hospitalization and intensive care admissions among transplant recipients with H1N1. Vaccination and preventive measures may also provide protection for this high-risk population.
Researchers found that men with a baseline PSA of less than 4 had a very low risk of death from prostate cancer, while those with scores of 10 or higher were 11 times more likely to die. The study suggests routine screening among healthy men with normal life expectancy can help identify high-risk patients and save lives.
Women with severe angina are three times more likely to develop severe coronary artery disease than men. The study found that even younger women face a higher risk of developing CAD than men in the same age group. Diabetes and high blood pressure also play a significant role in increasing the risk, particularly among young women.
A new teaching model using real data and relevant videos engages high school students in conservation biology research, improving understanding of ecological concepts. Students develop a better grasp of normal ecological processes and how human actions affect the natural world.
Researchers documented a wild cat species imitating the call of its intended victim, a small monkey known as a pied tamarin, to draw it within striking range. The behavior was confirmed through observations in the Amazonian forests of Brazil, providing insights into the psychological cunning of wild felids.
Researchers used functional MRI to measure tumor activity during chemoembolization, finding that changes in ADC values can predict anatomical tumor response. Early knowledge of HCC response is crucial for determining treatment success and patient prognosis.
Researchers discover two new species of pancake batfishes, Halieutichthys intermedius and H. bispinosus, and re-describe another, H. aculeatus, in waters affected by the recent oil spill. The discovery highlights the potential loss of undocumented biodiversity.
A new study found that an enriched environment can reduce cancer growth in mice by activating a nervous system pathway that decreases leptin levels, a hormone linked to appetite and cancer growth. The effect was observed in models of melanoma and colon cancer, with tumors reduced by up to 80% after three weeks of enrichment.
Researchers have successfully induced epigenetic reprogramming in human and mouse breast cancer cells, making them more susceptible to tamoxifen treatment. This targeted epigenetic therapy has shown promising results in reversing the growth and invasive properties of triple-negative breast cancer cells.
New research from the University of New Hampshire found that rural areas with high unemployment rates are less likely to support environmental regulations. In contrast, areas with population growth and amenity-driven changes are more likely to favor conservation efforts. The study also reveals classic patterns in views on conservation,...
The North Pacific branch of the conveyor belt circulation changed drastically around 17,000 years ago, potentially buffering the global impacts of the collapsed Atlantic circulation. This reorganization may have contributed to increased atmospheric CO2 concentration and accelerated glacial meltdown.
Researchers have found a potential link between autoimmune disease scleroderma and cancer in certain patients. The study suggests that patients with specific immune markers are more likely to develop both conditions simultaneously.
Researchers and graduate students from low-income countries can apply for conference bursaries to attend the Parasite to Prevention conference in Edinburgh, UK. The bursaries cover travel, accommodation, and conference registration costs.
A new diagnostic standard based on serology alone could eliminate the need for intestinal biopsy in diagnosing celiac disease. The study finds that combinations of two serology tests can accurately diagnose or rule out the disorder in over 92% of individuals.
A recent study has identified luteolin as the most effective inhibitor of TBK1, an enzyme that activates biochemical signals leading to inflammation. Luteolin is found in various plant-based foods and has already been recognized for its anti-inflammatory properties.
Researchers at Mount Sinai School of Medicine identified a new way diseases develop through understanding how cells control gene expression. They found that protein DPF3b plays a critical role in the transcription process for muscle growth and heart development.
Researchers have discovered a dramatic increase in an enzyme called O-GlcNAcase in the red blood cells of people with diabetes and prediabetes. This enzyme may be used as a diagnostic tool to detect prediabetes at its earliest stages, allowing for potential early intervention.
A Cornell University PhD candidate has won the top prize in the 2010 CIMIT Prize in Primary Healthcare competition for his project on DNA nanobarcodes. His technology offers a one-step quick point-of-care test for diagnosing pathogens responsible for pharyngitis, allowing timely and accurate triage of sore throats.
Researchers document a novel form of adaptation through natural selection in bacteria-infected flies, which use co-opted genetic material to develop a defense against nematodes. The study reveals the rapid spread of beneficial bacteria across North America, increasing frequency from 10% to 80% in just two decades.
The study found significant variation in root systems among various corn genotypes, with regions in the maize genome responsible for inheritance. The team developed innovative technology to analyze root complexity using fractal dimensions and statistical software, allowing them to correlate differences with genetic makeup.
A new drug delivery system has been developed using nanoparticles embedded in liposomes that can be triggered by non-invasive electromagnetic fields. The system can control the rate and extent of drug release, with a quick release in just 30-40 minutes.
A new study by Stanford University climate scientists predicts that exceptionally long heat waves and hot events will be frequent in the US by 2039, posing risks to agriculture and human health. The researchers used climate models to project a 1.8-degree Fahrenheit increase in global temperature, leading to more intense heat extremes.
The Fogarty International Center of the NIH has awarded a five-year, $3.6 million grant to an international AIDS training and research program to continue training foreign researchers in developing countries. The program supports established research training programs in India, Cambodia, the Philippines, and Kenya, and will also focus ...
Researchers found teenage mothers more likely to have premature babies due to biological immaturity and social factors. The study highlights the importance of antenatal care and post-natal contraception for pregnant teenagers.
McMaster University researchers have made a breakthrough in understanding the molecular mechanisms of hereditary colorectal cancers. They discovered how a specific protein, MutL, works within cells to repair DNA errors, paving the way for alternative cancer treatments and assessment tools.
A new dinosaur species with a heart-shaped frill has been discovered in Canada's Alberta and Saskatchewan provinces, named Mojoceratops perifania. The species is related to Triceratops but appeared 10 million years earlier, survived for only one million years.
Researchers discovered a chemical that promotes brain cell growth, potentially leading to new treatments for Alzheimer's and neurodegenerative diseases. The substance protects newborn neurons from dying off, giving them better odds of becoming functional cells.
A study found that perfusion CT can detect hemodynamic changes in liver tissue, indicating drug-induced hepatic damage. The research team correlated perfusion CT parameters with ALT levels and treatment cycles, revealing increased HPI and MTT in patients undergoing chemotherapy.
A study found that corporate press releases are not associated with positive or negative company performance, as companies with negative results also use these releases to improve their image. The researchers suggest cultural and financial factors contribute to this phenomenon.
Researchers discovered a specific microRNA sequence, microRNA-212, that protects rats from cocaine addiction by regulating CREB signaling. This finding suggests microRNAs may play a crucial role in vulnerability to addiction, offering new promise for anti-addiction medications.
The new standards provide information on organizational policies, staffing ratios, intake screening, and suicide prevention. They are designed to help correctional professionals develop effective rehabilitation programs for mentally ill individuals.
The foundation named 18 new Damon Runyon Fellows for their innovative cancer research, including studies on gene regulation, immune response, and tumor development. The recipients will receive $156,000 each to pursue novel ideas.
Radha Charan Gupta will be the first Indian to receive the prize for his contributions to the history of mathematics, specifically work on trigonometry in India.
JILA team finds similar behavior in ultracold atomic gases and high-temperature superconductors, supporting the idea that studying superfluidity in atomic gases can help understand complicated superconductors. The discovery lends support to the concept of a 'pseudo-gap region' where atom pairing occurs above critical temperature.
A new study published in Applied Research in Quality of Life found that positive emotions and life satisfaction are strong predictors of physical health in teenagers. Researchers analyzed data from 401 students aged 12-14 and found that subjective well-being was a significant unique predictor of physical health outcomes.
Researchers use mesoporous silica nanoparticles to store and deliver chemotherapeutic drugs, effectively suppressing tumors in mice. The treatment led to significant tumor regression and minimal toxicity.
Geologists found a lower density fault zone in the 2004 Sumatra earthquake, allowing it to slip over a longer segment and reach closer to the seafloor, generating larger tsunami waves. The study's findings could help improve hazard assessment and mitigation for this region.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases has funded 10 international centers for excellence in malaria research, with a focus on cutting-edge research in endemic areas. The program aims to generate critical knowledge, tools, and evidence-based strategies to support intervention and control programs in regions most affe...
A University of Oklahoma researcher is developing a novel therapy for Alzheimer's disease by targeting the toxic plaque in the brain. The therapy uses biopharmaceutical proteases that can degrade thousands of plaque molecules, potentially delivering a catalytic benefit even if only small amounts pass through the cell barrier.
The University of California, San Diego will lead a seven-year, $9.2 million NIH grant-funded effort to study and understand the complete disease cycle of malaria in the Amazon basin. The goal is to comprehensively address the ongoing public health problem of malaria, which affects over 3 billion people worldwide.
A MSU-led research team will use the grant to create new prevention and control strategies for malaria in Malawi, focusing on identifying factors contributing to the disease's incidence and prevalence. The team aims to tailor strategies to specific seasons and locations.
Researchers have discovered a monoclonal antibody that is effective against multiple strains of influenza, including Avian H5N1, seasonal H1N1, and the 2009 Swine H1N1 influenza. The antibody targets a conserved region of the viral coat protein, providing broad-spectrum protection against various flu strains.
Physicists at NIST have demonstrated an ion trap with a built-in optical fiber, enabling the measurement of quantum information stored in ions. The device simplifies quantum computer design and paves the way for swapping information between matter and light in future quantum networks.
Experts warn that failure to meet universal access pledge and budget cuts to prevention and treatment programs will deliver a major setback. Many African countries face depleting stocks of antiretroviral medications and reduced treatment coverage goals, increasing the risk of HIV drug resistance.
Patients with stage IV flat foot deformity experience improved alignment, reduced arthritis, and enhanced mobility after a new surgery developed at Hospital for Special Surgery. The study shows promising results, including the maintenance of correction nine years post-surgery.
Researchers are developing an EHR system to improve nursing care coordination and advance technology use in long-term care. The goal is to integrate clinical information systems with passive monitoring data to enhance clinical decision-making and patient outcomes.
Poor problem-solving skills are a significant predictor of both bullying and being a victim, according to new research. The study found that boys bully more than girls, and individuals with academic troubles are more likely to become bullies.
A Tel Aviv University biologist challenges the idea that islands have unique evolutionary patterns, citing research that shows no extraordinary effects of isolation. He found that evolutionary processes on islands are not different from those on mainland ecosystems, contradicting popular myths about island-bred creatures.
Researchers identified Musashi 2 as a predictive marker for prognosis in AML and CML patients. High levels of Musashi 2 associated with increased cell proliferation, decreased maturation, and aggressive cancer behavior.
Researchers have discovered that vitamin B3 can inhibit the growth of Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus, two major human pathogens. The study found that nicotinamide, a form of vitamin B3, can reduce virulence in both normal and drug-resistant strains of C. albicans.
A simple diagnostic tool predicts type 2 diabetes in Vietnamese individuals based on high systolic blood pressure and waist-to-hip ratio. The prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes is estimated to be around 11% for men and 12% for women, with approximately 350,000 people affected in Ho Chi Minh City.
A new study finds that endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is associated with improved outcomes in patients with localized pancreatic cancer. EUS evaluation was found to improve overall survival, possibly due to earlier cancer detection and more selective surgery. The study analyzed a large population-based cancer registry and demonstrated the...
Research suggests that SE5-OH containing Natural S-equol can help alleviate hot flushes and other menopausal symptoms. Additionally, studies have found that soy-based diets may help prevent bone loss in postmenopausal women.
A study found individuals with high resting heart rates and low beat-to-beat heart rate variability have a higher risk of developing kidney disease. The autonomic nervous system's behavior may be a sentinel marker for late-stage kidney disease.
A team of scientists reveals that microRNAs (miRNAs) can be secretly packaged by cells and delivered to target cells, regulating their functions. This discovery expands our understanding of miRNA's role in mediating intercellular/interorgan communication.
Researchers found that social interaction and a richer living environment significantly reduced tumor mass and volume in mice with cancer. The study suggests that low-stress, mentally stimulating environments may be beneficial for cancer treatment.
Researchers have discovered a connection between giant gas clouds and the formation of active galactic nuclei, which power the bright centers of some galaxies. The study suggests that gas clouds can either be consumed by supermassive black holes or give birth to new stars, leading to increased activity.
A 30-minute massage on cervical trigger points improves autonomic nervous system regulation in patients with chronic tension headaches. This leads to a better psychological state and reduced stress and anxiety. Patients also report relief from symptoms within 24 hours after the massage.
The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) has published updated clinical practice guidelines for cancer care, providing vital information on diagnosis, treatment plans, and follow-up. The new guidelines cover various tumor types and include expanded sections on cardiotoxicity and fertility considerations.
Researchers found a compound called P7C3 that improves newborn neuron survival and reduces programmed cell death in the brain's memory hub. This discovery offers new hope for treating Alzheimer's disease by targeting the underlying neuroprotective mechanism.
Researchers found that ferns in the northern end of the redwood forest ecosystem are better equipped to absorb fog water than those in the southern region. This has important implications for the structure of plant communities and how ecosystems function during drought periods. The study suggests that native ferns may be able to acclim...
Median incomes for U.S. IEEE members in electrotechnology and information technology increased by 4.9% to $116,000 in 2008, more than doubling the previous year's rise of 2.4%. The survey results provide valuable insights for employers seeking to attract and retain skilled professionals.
Tulane University will establish an International Center of Excellence in Malaria Research for West and Central Africa, aiming to achieve malaria control in the region. The seven-year project will involve 48 investigators from 10 institutions, including four African partners.
A community-based study found HPV DNA testing to be over 50% more sensitive than cytology testing for detecting precancers and cervical cancers. The study involved 50,000 women and revealed a significant reduction in precancer rates among HPV DNA-positive women.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center discovered a compound called P7C3 that preserves newly created brain cells and boosts learning and memory in animal studies. The study found that P7C3 protects newborn neurons from dying, restoring normal structure and function of the hippocampus in knockout mice.
Researchers discovered an alternative form of evolution that helps Drosophila flies defend against nematode parasites. This finding has significant implications for developing treatments for serious human diseases like river blindness.
A study of 1,329 healthy children found that approximately one in five will have a psychiatric disorder with impairment upon entering formal schooling. Sociodemographic risk factors such as poverty and limited parental education were associated with an increased risk of mental health issues.
An international team of scientists studied two Sumatra earthquakes, finding differences in sediment composition between the rupture areas. This difference may have contributed to a larger tsunami in the 2004 event, highlighting the potential for high tsunami hazards in this region.