Researchers successfully grow graphene ribbons with adjustable properties by creating narrow ribbons with well-defined edges. The new method enables the production of components with specific optical and electronic properties, paving the way for the development of future nanoelectronics.
A Caltech team has found structurally bound hydroxyl groups, indicating the presence of water in a lunar mineral. The discovery is significant for understanding the moon's composition and its history.
Researchers suggest quantum entanglement may be occurring in photosynthetic complexes of plants, enhancing light conversion efficiency. A computer simulation reveals long-lived quantum coherence is essential for quantum information storage and manipulation.
New research from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln estimates that US military protection of supertankers in the Persian Gulf generates 34.4 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent emissions annually. This finding highlights the need for regulators to include these emissions in comparisons of gasoline and biofuels.
Radio astronomers have developed a new technique for studying dark energy by mapping large-scale cosmic structures. This method, called intensity mapping, allows them to accumulate radio waves emitted by hydrogen gas in vast volumes of space, revealing insights into the nature of dark energy and its impact on the Universe's evolution.
A 33-year study found that climate change is causing yellow-bellied marmots to grow fatter and healthier due to longer summers. This shift allows them to reproduce earlier and survive the winter, leading to an increase in population size.
Researchers found that administering antibiotics to mice infected with malaria prevents the disease and induces long-term immunity. The treatment targets the apicoplast, a bacterial organ necessary for parasite reproduction, allowing the immune system to develop robust protection.
A new study reveals that primitive living frogs evolved jumping before perfecting their landing techniques, leading to distinctive belly flop landings. This evolutionary split may have contributed to the frogs' inability to swim synchronously and resulted in unusual anatomical features.
Researchers identified the genetic contributions of various breeds to Alaskan sled dogs' performance. The study found that Alaskan Malamute and Siberian Husky traits are associated with enhanced endurance, while Pointer and Saluki contribute to speed, and Anatolian Shepherd improves work ethic.
The International AIDS Conference promotes novel treatment methods, antiretroviral-based prevention options and the development of a cure. Key findings include the potential use of antiretroviral drugs to prevent infections and the need for universal access to lifesaving treatment.
Researchers have developed a new form of paper that can fight disease-causing bacteria, with potential applications in anti-bacterial bandages, food packaging, and shoe materials. The material, composed of graphene oxide, shows superior antibacterial effects with minimal impact on human cells.
Researchers at Oregon State University have developed a technology that uses nanotech coatings to produce electricity from sewage, increasing output 20 times. The new approach could clean biowaste while producing useful levels of electricity, promoting sustainable wastewater treatment and renewable energy.
Researchers at Michigan Technological University have created a non-metallic glass cloak that uses magnetic resonance to bend light waves around objects, making them invisible. The technology has potential applications in military and law enforcement.
Tropical Storm Chanthu has a large area of moderate to very heavy rainfall near the southeast China coast, with rain rates reaching up to 2 inches per hour. The storm is forecast to pass just north of Hainan Island and make landfall near Luichow Peninsula in southern China mainland on July 22.
Physicians in Northern Ontario communities can now access specialized UHN pathologists for fast and accurate diagnosis, saving time and improving patient care. The new telepathology system enables instant transmission of digital images of pathology samples, reducing travel times from hours to minutes.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University developed a new system to detect preterm contractions with greater accuracy and sensitivity than existing tools. The device is designed to pick up electrical signals associated with uterine contractions, allowing doctors to delay preterm deliveries by six weeks or more.
Dr. Anthony-Samuel LaMantia's research identifies stem cells responsible for generating nerve cells involved in eating, reproduction, and social behavior. These cells are essential for understanding neurological and mental disabilities, such as autism, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's disease.
The Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) has awarded £38 million to 46 outstanding UK researchers, supporting their development as world-leading scientists and engineers. The fellowships aim to drive innovation and tackle major challenges such as climate change and sustainable energy.
The Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Center for AIDS Research has received a five-year, $9 million NIH grant renewal to continue HIV-related research. The funding will support new initiatives on HIV and cancer links, faculty development, and international collaborations.
Engineering researchers developed a low-cost solution to overcome surface tension clumping nanowires during manufacturing, enabling more efficient solar cells and batteries. The new process uses an electrical charge to repel neighboring wires, improving their density and surface area.
A new national study strongly links educational leadership to student achievement, revealing that collaborative leadership is crucial for improving instructional practices and student outcomes. Key findings include the importance of distributing leadership practices among stakeholders, leader efficacy, and district support.
The STOP Obesity Alliance Task Force on Women highlights four critical factors hindering women's efforts to combat childhood obesity: socioeconomic challenges, lack of access to healthcare, limited education and awareness, and societal pressure. By addressing these obstacles, the Alliance aims to promote healthier lifestyles and reduce...
A three-year study by UT experts found that summer reading significantly improves reading achievement in students who receive books. Reading development is compared to athletic fitness, highlighting the importance of regular practice to maintain skills.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new technique that triples the speed of MRI imaging, allowing for real-time tracking of moving lung tumors. This could lead to more effective radiation therapy and improved patient outcomes.
A new study by U of M researchers found that only half of colleges offered effective brief intervention programs and a small number collaborated with their community to curb alcohol consumption. The lack of implementation is attributed to strained relationships, resource constraints, and staff untrained in community partnerships.
Researchers at USF found that combining nutrients called NT-020 increased adult neural stem cell proliferation and boosted learning and memory performance in aged rats. The study suggests aging may be linked to reduced neurogenesis due to inflammation.
Less than 1 in 10 injecting drug users globally are covered by effective HIV prevention interventions, with most relying on a combination of needle and syringe programs, opioid substitution therapy, and antiretroviral therapy. Scaling up these combined approaches is crucial to reduce HIV transmission among IDUs.
The CAPRISA 004 trial results demonstrate the effectiveness of a 1% tenofovir gel in reducing a woman's risk of HIV transmission. This breakthrough provides a tool for women to take control of their health and protect themselves from HIV infection.
A randomized, double-blind study found that mothers who consumed probiotic milk during and after pregnancy had a 40% lower incidence of eczema in their children. The study suggests that the probiotic bacteria may have prevented the development of eczema, with less severe cases in children who did develop eczema.
Experts conclude that inadequate provision of opioid substitution therapy, needle exchange programs, and antiretroviral treatment, along with laws prohibiting OST, are all contributing to the spread of HIV among people who use drugs. Scaling up combination HIV prevention interventions is shown to be effective in curbing the epidemic.
A new study found that getting angry may actually hurt one's cause in negotiations with East Asians, unlike in negotiations with European Americans. Cultural norms about expressing anger play a critical role in shaping reactions to emotional displays.
A study published by the American Psychological Association found that people with insecure attachments in relationships may be at higher risk for cardiovascular problems. Those with anxious attachments were particularly associated with a range of health conditions, including chronic pain and cardiovascular diseases. The researchers al...
Researchers identify genes causing sterility in yeast hybrids, shedding light on reproductive isolation mechanisms. A genetic mismatch between nucleus and mitochondria is found to be a common cause of sterility in yeasts.
Tropical Storm Chanthu is forecasted to make a landfall south of Hong Kong due to dry air and increased wind shear. Infrared imagery shows strong convection from northeast to southwest, but missing on the west side of the storm.
Researchers found that administering antibiotics during the liver stage of malaria infection generates strong protective immunity in mice. The treatment prevents malaria parasites from infecting red blood cells and builds long-term immunity against subsequent infections.
A review of research linking musical training to learning highlights the neural connections made during musical training also prime the brain for other aspects of human communication. Music training enhances neuroplasticity and enables the nervous system to provide stable patterns for meaningful learning.
A four-year survey confirms the presence of ticks carrying Lyme disease in Cook, Lake, DuPage, and Piatt Counties, with higher numbers found along the Des Plaines River corridor. The study highlights the importance of preventive measures to avoid tick bites.
Astronomers propose a new method for detecting extraterrestrial life by analyzing signals from advanced civilizations. The Benford beacons concept suggests that alien signals would not be continuously broadcast but rather pulsed and narrowly directed, potentially making them more detectable.
A study published in Environmental Health Perspectives found a link between polyfluoroalkyl chemicals (PFCs) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. The researchers analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and found increased odds of ADHD in children with higher serum PFC levels.
Researchers at Duke University have demonstrated a robot's ability to locate and sample lesions in simulated human organs without human assistance. The robot uses artificial intelligence to process real-time data from ultrasound scans and perform tasks such as biopsies.
Researchers at the Mayo Clinic have developed an image-processing algorithm that can reduce the amount of radiation used in perfusion CT scanning, a technology used for diagnosing stroke, cancer, and possibly heart disease. The new adaptive algorithm compares multiple scans and effectively reduces image noise while preserving iodine si...
A study by researchers at INRS–Institut Armand-Frappier and McGill University found that men with a history of asthma or eczema had a lower risk of developing lung and stomach cancers. The study analyzed data from 3,300 men diagnosed with cancer between 1979 and 1986.
A recent study found that consumers strongly relate to underdog brands, identifying with their stories of struggle and perseverance. The authors' experiments showed that brand biographies highlighting external disadvantage and passion for overcoming adversity drive purchase interest.
Injecting drug users can achieve excellent virological outcomes with ART, reducing infectivity and HIV transmission. Decriminalization and law reform are crucial to overcome systemic barriers and promote equitable access to treatment.
Researchers at NC State University developed a new methodology that combines multiple general climate forecast models to improve the accuracy of winter precipitation and temperature forecasts. The tool is valuable for government officials, providing key information for predicting energy consumption and water availability.
Paleoanthropologist Pat Shipman suggests that humans' ability to nurture other animal species contributed to the development of language and tool-making, ultimately leading to domestication. This 'animal connection' allowed early humans to develop a system of communication and observation, which became increasingly advantageous over time.
A review of evidence shows widespread abuse of human rights among people who use drugs, increasing risk of HIV infection. Rights-based responses have had good results in implementing harm reduction services and involving people in policy development.
Research found that women are more prone to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) than men, with the highest risk peaking at age 51-55. The study suggests that increased lifespan may contribute to this difference, as individuals have more years to experience traumatic events and their consequences.
Researchers found that beach umbrellas intercept direct sunlight but allow diffused ultraviolet radiation to pass through, with canvas having high absorption capacity. The study aims to improve understanding of skin cancer epidemiology and provide guidelines for UV protection.
Researchers are testing Lexiscan, a pharmacologic stress agent, in a multicenter clinical trial to reduce inflammation in sickle cell disease. The trial aims to improve symptoms such as pain and breathing problems, which can be fatal.
Myths about HIV/AIDS in people who use drugs are addressed by Dr. Steffanie Strathdee and Professor Chris Beyrer, who present evidence countering common misconceptions, such as non-compliance with treatment and increased risk of infection from needle sharing.
Researchers have developed a new method to accurately synchronize clocks by leveraging both GPS and the Internet. This technique uses a common-view disciplined oscillator (CVDO) to set clocks within 10 nanoseconds of a reference clock, providing unparalleled accuracy in complex systems such as computers, telecommunications, and more.
Researchers at Yale University have discovered a genetic marker that can help predict ovarian cancer risk. The KRAS-variant was found in 25% of all ovarian cancer patients and 61% of those with a family history of breast and ovarian cancer, suggesting it may be a new marker for high-risk families.
A study by McMaster University researchers found that overweight and obese women have a 30% greater risk of induced preterm birth before 37 weeks, increasing to 70% for very obese women. This higher risk is associated with serious health problems for the baby, especially when born earlier than 32 weeks.
Researchers have discovered that bone cells' spindly extensions can sense mechanical stimulation, signaling the release of bone-growth factors. This breakthrough could lead to therapies for osteoporosis and bone loss associated with aging.
A study by the University of Michigan Health System found that female physicians are more supportive than male physicians when it comes to honoring patient requests for a doctor of the same gender or background. The study also showed that racial and ethnic minorities, particularly Muslim patients, are more likely to have their requests...
A new study found that people tend to trust advice from advisors with disclosed conflicts of interest more than those without, leading to overestimation of property values. Despite the risks, transparency is still desirable when implemented correctly.
Researchers have identified key genetic mutations causing Behçet's disease, a vascular condition leading to severe ulcers and skin lesions. The study found three genes associated with the disease, paving the way for new treatments.
A global survey of people living with HIV/AIDS found a significant gap in patient-physician dialogue, with discussions often lacking on chronic illnesses, treatment side effects, and co-morbid conditions. Co-morbidities like cardiovascular disease, high cholesterol, and hepatitis C are prevalent among PLWHA.
Positive family relationships and religious affiliation can counteract risk factors associated with drug use, including addicted family members, exposure to violence, and deviant peers. This study suggests that intervention programs should focus on creating supportive family environments.