A University of California, San Francisco researcher found that taxpayer subsidies for films depicting smoking promote thousands of new teen smokers every year. In California, 70% of subsidized PG-13 movies depict smoking, highlighting the need to modernize the rating system and end subsidies for films promoting smoking.
A new study found children's hospitals are underequipped to handle a surge of patients in the event of a pandemic. The study urges health care institutions and government agencies to review emergency preparedness plans as flu season approaches.
Researchers at Cleveland institutions collaborate on a ground-breaking study testing the feasibility and safety of using mesenchymal stem cells to treat multiple sclerosis. The Phase 1 trial aims to decrease disease activity and promote repair in patients with MS.
The new NSF grant will leverage Convey's hybrid-core platform and technologies to process vast amounts of biological data. Researchers can extract meaningful information from this environment using cutting-edge tools, leading to incredible breakthroughs in the biosciences.
A study found that consuming cholesterol-lowering foods, such as soy protein, nuts, and plant sterols, resulted in a greater decrease in LDL-C levels compared to a low-saturated-fat diet. The dietary portfolio approach showed significant percentage decreases in LDL-C levels with minimal clinic visits.
Scientists at UCSF have discovered two distinct pools of vesicles in neurons, each with unique proteins that determine their behavior. The finding sheds new light on neurotransmitter packaging, transport, and release from neurons, potentially leading to breakthroughs in treating neurological diseases like Parkinson's.
Researchers investigate how unemployed men cope with shifting domestic roles, finding that many proudly take on household chores like childcare and housework. Men who were out of work during the recession highly value employed women in their families, recognizing their vital income contribution.
A new study reveals that bullying negatively affects GPA for students of all racial and ethnic backgrounds, but particularly harms high achieving black and Latino students. The research found a .049 points decrease in 12th grade GPAs among bullied students compared to non-bullied peers.
New research from Brown University finds that nickel nanoparticles can activate a cellular pathway that contributes to cancer in human lung cells. The study shows that smaller nanoscale particles are more harmful and potentially cancer-causing than larger microscale particles.
Two articles argue that film rating recommendations can create an economic incentive for producers to avoid tobacco imagery in youth-rated films. In contrast, other experts disagree, citing concerns about censorship, confounding factors, and the effectiveness of adult classification, suggesting alternative approaches to address public ...
A study of 1,625 people across 15 countries found economic inequality is a stronger predictor of self-enhancement than individualism or collectivism. This suggests that competition and unequal resource distribution can lead to increased self-inflation.
A new study published in JAMA found that patients who spend time in an intensive care unit (ICU) are less likely to renew their prescriptions for chronic medications after discharge. The research examined data from nearly 400,000 Ontario residents and found that ICU patients had a higher rate of prescription non-renewal compared to tho...
A new study found that ancient whale skulls were asymmetric, suggesting they may have used directional hearing to navigate in water before the development of echolocation. This finding contradicts previous theories and sheds light on the evolution of whales.
Researchers found that coriander oil damages bacterial cell membranes, inhibiting essential processes and ultimately killing bacteria. The study suggests using coriander oil as a natural alternative to common antibiotics for treating food-borne illnesses and multidrug-resistant infections.
A UK study published in The Lancet concludes that ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is the most cost-effective way to diagnose hypertension. This method, which involves repeated measurements throughout a 24-hour period, is more accurate and correlates better with cardiovascular outcomes than traditional clinic-based methods.
Researchers at UT Knoxville have developed an algorithm that improves the accuracy of electrocardiograms (ECGs) using smartphone technology. The algorithm can detect electrode misplacement and electromagnetic noise, providing more accurate A-F letter grades for ECGs and recommendations for optimal electrode placement.
A new study by Jeffrey Hall and Melanie Canterberry suggests that women with negative attitudes towards their own gender are more likely to prefer men who adopt similar attitudes. Women who open to casual sex also tend to respond to aggressive courtship strategies.
Researchers have defined a specific protein complex that allows cells to remove damaged mitochondria via autophagy, a process crucial for maintaining cellular integrity. This discovery highlights the interaction between Hsp90-Cdc37 and Ulk1, which is essential for efficient mitochondrial clearance.
A study from the University of Miami School of Business found that firms with more colorful annual reports are perceived to have higher annual revenues. This is because investors experience a sense of pride of ownership when presented with attractive reports, leading to increased valuation.
Researchers at the Trudeau Institute have discovered that FluMist elicits protection by inducing a very early non-specific immune response in the lungs, which is protective against both matching and non-matching influenza strains. This response also limits lung inflammation and reduces susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections.
Researchers found that telephone counseling supporting exercise significantly increased patient adherence to an exercise program. The study, published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, showed that patients who received maintenance counseling exercises for at least 32 minutes more per week than those in the control group o...
Researchers have classified brain tumors into two distinct subgroups based on genetic analysis, revealing that one subgroup has a favorable prognosis while the other is more aggressive. The study provides valuable insights for better treatment options and could lead to targeted therapies for patients with ependymoma.
The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) will honor aircraft design, program management, and lifetime achievements through its annual awards. The awards ceremony takes place as part of the 11th AIAA Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations Conference.
Scientists have confirmed the presence of the North Icelandic Jet (NIJ), a deep-ocean circulation system off Iceland that contributes to key components of ocean circulation. The NIJ is a major contributor to the Denmark Strait Overflow Water, critically important for regulating Earth's climate.
A study found that diastolic dysfunction prevalence increased by 39.2% in 4 years, with worsening function associated with heart failure risk. Age was a key predictor of developing diastolic dysfunction and heart failure.
Xiaohong Wang's diagnostic test can identify the type of nematode infesting a field, crucial for developing resistant potato varieties. The test is 1000 times more sensitive than traditional methods, enabling reliable results from small amounts of nematode material.
A study by ILRI found that investments aimed at increasing the mobility of livestock herders can help avert future food crises in arid lands. Herding makes better economic sense than crop agriculture in many regions, and supporting mobile communities can help people cope with droughts.
Researchers discovered melanin can receive electrons, counteracting gamma radiation's oxidizing effects, resulting in electric current production. This finding has potential applications in the space industry, where equipment is exposed to high levels of radiation.
Researchers found that 2-year-olds can identify correct images with complex verb sentences, suggesting infants know more about language structure than they can articulate. This study reveals the beginnings of grammar acquisition start earlier than previously thought and demonstrate children use grammar to understand new words.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a new set of building blocks for simple synthesis of complex molecules. They successfully synthesized synechoxanthin, an antioxidant molecule, using their iterative cross-coupling method, which enables the creation of a whole new class of building blocks.
Fire response teams use Landsat satellite data to protect houses, wildlife, and bodies of water. The US Department of Agriculture Forest Service's Remote Sensing Applications Center (RSAC) uses Landsat data to create maps depicting ecologic changes due to high temperatures after a fire.
Research shows that older decision makers trounce their younger counterparts due to improved ability to evaluate options, develop strategies, and utilize pre-frontal cortices. This increased wisdom enables them to make more rational choices in complex environments.
A team of researchers from Northern Arizona University and the Translational Genomics Research Institute has pinpointed the source of a devastating cholera outbreak in Haiti that killed over 6,000 people. The study used whole genome sequencing to confirm that Nepalese peacekeepers brought the disease to Haiti.
A UCLA study found that smokers with alcohol, drug, and mental disorders are five times more likely to quit with help from their primary care physician. The study suggests targeting these patients for smoking cessation counseling to reduce tobacco-related healthcare costs.
Researchers have identified Saccharomyces eubayanus as the wild yeast that fused with domesticated yeast to create lager beer. The discovery resolves a long-standing mystery and sheds light on the origins of one of the world's most popular beers.
The study found that social militarization significantly increases child mortality rates, regardless of major armed conflicts. Increasing praetorian militaries also consistently increased child mortality rates. In contrast, economic militarization had little impact on child mortality.
A new study by Ohio State University researchers found that large weight gains are more likely for men after divorce and women after marriage. The effects of marital transitions on weight changes differ significantly by gender, with the risk of large weight gains increasing most prominently for people over age 30.
Researchers found that saffron significantly reduced the number and incidence of liver nodules, with complete inhibition observed at the highest dose. Saffron also inhibited the elevation of proteins indicating liver damage and blocked inflammation.
Researchers found a significant increase in CIED-related infections, with a 210% rise over 16 years. Comorbidities such as renal failure and diabetes may contribute to the higher infection risk. The study highlights the need for better understanding of infection risk factors and mitigation therapies.
A study found that older adults consuming high amounts of sodium in their diet, coupled with low physical activity, are at a greater risk of cognitive decline. Researchers discovered that low-sodium intake combined with moderate exercise levels can mitigate this risk.
Peter Savolainen's study found substantial progress in analyzing injury severity data, despite methodological issues. Researchers are developing statistical models to consider various factors impacting injury severity, including driver-, weather- and roadway-related variables.
A new study by the American Sociological Association finds that Tea Party supporters in North Carolina and Tennessee hold strong cultural and political beliefs. Researchers identified four primary traits: authoritarianism, libertarianism, fear of change, and negative attitudes toward immigrants.
Researchers found that ancient whale skulls were asymmetrical, suggesting a link to directional hearing in water. This discovery contradicts the idea that asymmetry evolved later as an adaptation for echolocation.
A new study suggests that HPV testing for two high-risk strains (HPV16 and HPV18) detects more high-grade pre-cancerous lesions than current cervical cancer screening. The findings support the use of HPV testing as a primary screening tool to rule out disease, with cytology reserved for triage of women who test positive.
A 20-year study in the Ozarks found that burning entire mountains and valleys restored ecological damage, benefiting multiple species. The collared lizard's expansion was facilitated by this process, allowing it to undertake its own restoration effort.
A new UC Davis study suggests that happier adolescents are less likely to get involved in crime or drug use. The researchers found a significant correlation between emotional well-being and reduced involvement in nonviolent crimes.
A study found that only 20.6% of Medicaid-covered children and adolescents in Ohio complete the recommended six-month course of antidepressants, highlighting gaps in mental health care for vulnerable populations. Optimal follow-up visits and adequate dosing were associated with better adherence rates.
According to a study, nearly all heart attack patients requiring emergency angioplasty are now treated within the recommended time frame, with a significant improvement from less than half the patients five years prior. The median door-to-balloon time has declined from 96 to 64 minutes during this period.
Astronomers at Caltech have discovered that the dwarf planet 2007 OR10, or Snow White, is an icy world with about half its surface covered in water ice. The findings suggest that the red-tinged dwarf planet may be covered in a thin layer of methane, remnants of an atmosphere slowly being lost into space.
Scientists at University College London and Sapienza University of Rome have developed a method to manipulate high-temperature superconductivity in materials. By illuminating with X-rays, researchers can create and control tiny superconducting structures, enabling the creation of new electronic devices.
A new study identifies three psychological orientations that influence employment success during the transition to adulthood. Young adults who maintained high career aspirations and clarity of career goals were more likely to be employed and have higher wages during difficult economic times. The study also found that young workers with...
Acute lung injury is a life-threatening condition that occurs when blood vessels leak into the lungs, causing fluid buildup. Researchers are exploring new therapies to improve patient odds by identifying key events and developing treatments to block them. Potential treatments include HSP90 inhibitors and adenosine agonists.
Research finds that community stability can mitigate the negative effects of alcohol outlets on neighborhood violence, while disorganized communities are more affected. Communities with stronger social cohesion and formal regulation of local retailers show less violence.
MIT researchers have developed a new security scheme that can automatically create connections between wireless devices and defend against man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks. The scheme uses novel techniques to detect and prevent MITM attacks, making it stronger than previous solutions.
Embryos avoid fatal chaos through a synchronized cell cycle mechanism triggered by the calcium wave, which sets cells to the same developmental timetable. The researchers' simulation shows that this rapid spread of oscillation is crucial for preventing disarray and ensuring the embryo's survival.
Research reveals that depression-related rumination is associated with a brain network imbalance, where the default mode network (DMN) dominates over the task-positive network (TPN). This imbalance leads to maladaptive thinking and less effective coping mechanisms, exacerbating depressive symptoms.
Scientists Profs. Naama Barkai and Ben-Zion Shilo have developed a theoretical model explaining how scaling works in developing fruit fly wings, where the vein structure stays proportioned. Their findings suggest that this mechanism can be applied to various examples of development, including human embryonic development.
Masaaki Tamura's team creates a targeted therapy to combat lung cancer by delivering a receptor gene to cancer cells via nanoparticles, stimulating the immune system to prevent tumor growth. The therapy uses a cationic peptide to guide the gene to cancerous cells, offering a non-invasive treatment option for lung cancer patients.
Researchers found that longer AI use was associated with increased heart disease and bone fractures, but lower rates of blood clots and womb cancer. Use of AIs for 2-3 years after initial treatment may explain the lack of overall survival benefit despite improved breast cancer recurrence
Researchers found that hyenas can count individual voices and assess their numerical advantage, supporting the concept of complex social groups leading to big brain evolution. Hyenas were more cautious when outnumbered and took risks with a numerical advantage.