A team of researchers has reconstructed and tested a trafficking pathway for hundreds of cell proteins, finding that they can be delivered to the membrane via a simple three-part system. This discovery could have significance for the development of new drugs and bioengineering methods.
Researchers study paleo-hurricane records from South Carolina marshlands and find that spatio-lateral continuity of hurricane deposits is poor. High-precision geochronology of the Chinle Formation provides new insights into early dinosaur evolution and temporal constraints on their evolution.
A new study by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) has found that adding azithromycin to daily treatment regimens for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can lower frequency and severity of flare-ups. The medication was shown to improve breathing ability and overall well-being in patients with COPD.
New research finds that hippocampal neurons encode every sequential moment in a series of events, bridging gaps between discontiguous events. The activity of these 'time cells' signals the timing of key events and can differentiate between different types of sequences.
The photonics center will develop novel sensing technologies for remote oil storage measurement, gasifier refractory wall monitoring, and on-line dissolved gas detection in transformers. This will improve the efficient operation of advanced power systems and reduce costs associated with transformer failures.
The FASEB MARC Program announces the selection of six recipients, who will receive a $3,000 unrestricted career development award and a travel stipend to support their participation in national scientific meetings. The awards aim to increase competitiveness among underrepresented minorities in biomedical research.
The discovery of Juramaia sinensis, a 160-million-year-old fossil, fills an important gap in the fossil record and helps to calibrate modern DNA-based methods of dating. The fossil provides evidence of the date when eutherian mammals diverged from other mammals.
Researchers identified Niemann-Pick C1 as a critical cellular protein for Ebola virus entry, allowing scientists to develop antiviral drugs. The discovery offers a promising strategy to combat the deadly virus.
Researchers claim most crowd estimations are unreliable due to political bias and have devised new methods for estimating static and mobile crowds with reduced margin of error. The 'area x density' method for static crowds and the 'two-inspection-point' method for mobile crowds can provide more accurate estimates
Researchers at the University of Hawaii Cancer Center and The Queen's Medical Center will analyze gene expression and imaging data to detect liver cancer earlier. They aim to improve patient outcomes and reduce deaths from this deadly disease.
Researchers have successfully controlled Dengue fever in northern Australia by releasing Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes, which suppress the virus and prevent transmission. The study demonstrates a promising approach to eliminating this disease, with potential applications in other regions.
The FDA has cleared a new diagnostic test that detects the cryptoccocal antigen, allowing for early diagnosis and treatment of cryptococcosis. The rapid blood test, known as the CrAg Lateral Flow Assay, is designed for resource-limited settings and can be administered in just a few minutes.
People with declarative memory impairment have trouble making common ground in conversation due to their inability to form new declarative memories. In the study, participants with amnesia looked equally at two elephants, showing no benefit from earlier conversations.
A common bacterium, Wolbachia, has been found to prevent the Aedes aegypti mosquito from transmitting the dengue virus, a major public health threat. The discovery offers a promising alternative to current control methods and could have a transformative effect on global health.
The discovery reveals changes in silicon's mechanical response with decreasing size, driving unexpected deformation mechanisms. This finding provides a basis for understanding the onset of plasticity in nanovolumes, benefiting nano-device design.
A study by UC Davis researchers found biological indicators of toxic fat cells in those with metabolic syndrome, which may lead to diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The discovery supports a new high-risk obesity category for these conditions.
Researchers have created a detailed map of gene expression in the mouse cerebral cortex, which shares 90% of its genes with humans. The atlas provides insight into how genes work in this complex region of the brain, including correlations between specific genes and human diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.
Researchers have discovered that human amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (hAECs) can differentiate into various cell types, including those found in the lungs. Transplanted hAECs were shown to reduce pulmonary fibrosis and enhance lung regeneration in animal models of lung disease.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute successfully designed a new antibiotic that can target and kill the most resistant bacterial infections. The compound, an analogue of vancomycin, overcomes the resistance mechanism by altering the key atom in the peptidoglycan structure.
Researchers identify Niemann-Pick C1 as critical protein for Ebola virus entry, paving the way for potential antiviral treatments. The discovery improves chances of developing drugs that directly combat Ebola infections.
Researchers found that trial-and-error learning benefits older brains more than errorless learning in certain conceptual tasks. Older adults outperformed younger peers in memory tests when learning through trial-and-error., This challenges the long-held assumption that making mistakes hurts memory performance for older adults.
Researchers developed a multiferroic material that reacts to both magnetic and electric fields at room temperature, fulfilling a long-held dream. The material's ferromagnetic properties were demonstrated using X-ray magnetic circular dichroism, paving the way for more efficient data storage and logical switches.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have found a link between inactivity and increased risk factors for Type 2 diabetes. In a study, participants who reduced their physical activity by half experienced doubled spikes in blood sugar levels after meals.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have discovered a generic mechanism for creating near-perfect nanoparticles that assemble into uniform structures. The breakthrough enables the formation of clusters with desirable properties, such as size, shape, and electrical conductivity.
Researchers have identified a modification on EF-P protein that boosts bacterial strength and contributes to Salmonella's virulence. The discovery opens doors for new treatments against this foodborne pathogen, which causes severe illnesses and fatalities.
Researchers have developed a new theory to understand slow dynamics of polymers in liquids under fast-flow, high-stress conditions. The theory explains how polymer molecules respond and predicts tube confinement and reptative motion.
The Saudi Ministry of Health has published its 2011 health conditions for travelers to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for the Hajj pilgrimage. The guidelines outline the full requirements for entry into Saudi Arabia and aim to protect pilgrims from communicable diseases. Travelers are urged to read the guidelines thoroughly.
Researchers at the University of Leeds have developed a peptide-based fluid that reverses tooth decay by stimulating regeneration of damaged tooth tissue. The treatment is applied directly to the affected area, providing a natural and non-invasive solution to filling teeth without drilling.
Researchers analyzed data from over 3,000 ICU staff and found a link between female nurse ratios and lower burnout rates. The study also revealed gender-related differences in stress perception and resistance to burnout.
A study reveals how British American Tobacco used its corporate social responsibility programme to shape UK public health policy, highlighting the need for greater transparency in interactions between governments and industry. The authors argue that this approach has implications for other industrial sectors, such as alcohol and food.
A new energy-harvesting technology, reverse electrowetting, converts human motion into electrical power to power mobile electronic devices. This technology could enable footwear-embedded energy harvesters that capture energy produced by humans during walking and convert it into up to 20 watts of electrical power.
Researchers found that cardiologists' constant exposure to ionising radiation causes cellular changes, including increased antioxidant levels and apoptosis susceptibility. These changes may be the body's protective response to harmful radiation effects.
Research finds baby fever exists in both men and women, with varying levels of desire depending on gender. Positive exposure, such as caring for children, increases desire to have a baby, while negative aspects like childcare responsibilities reduce it.
Women show heightened neural responses in anticipation of negative experiences, influencing long-term memory. This emotional responsiveness may help women counter the impact of negative emotions.
A natural language processing-based approach outperformed traditional administrative data codes in detecting postoperative surgical complications. The study found the new method correctly identified 82% of acute renal failure cases, while also being highly specific for diagnoses like pneumonia and sepsis.
A new study by St. Michael's Hospital and the University of Toronto found that hearing dietary advice twice is enough to lower cholesterol levels significantly. The study included 345 participants who received either routine or intensive dietary advice, resulting in similar reductions in LDL 'bad' cholesterol.
Researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder discovered graphene's surprisingly powerful adhesion qualities, which could guide the development of graphene manufacturing and mechanical devices. The study showed that graphene's extreme flexibility allows it to conform to even the smoothest substrates.
Researchers have created brain nerve cells affected by Parkinson's using skin samples from a patient with the most progressive form of the disease. This breakthrough study enables scientists to model the condition in a laboratory, shedding light on why certain nerve cells die.
The University of Houston will provide 12 high school science teachers with research experience in nanotechnology through a three-summer grant program. The program aims to attract students to engineering and increase the country's STEM talent pool.
A team of researchers has found an abundance of genetic diversity in ancient wild horses, contradicting the idea that modern male horses lack diversity due to intrinsic properties. The study suggests that domestication is the main reason for the low genetic diversity in modern stallions.
The most precise estimate of Earth's species total is based on a novel analytical technique that narrows previous estimates. The study predicts approximately 8.7 million species, with 91% of marine and 86% of land species remaining undiscovered. This new understanding is crucial for conservation efforts and ecosystems services.
A new study by Boston College and the University of Houston found that fine art in advertising can be demoted to a mere product illustration, leading consumers to take a critical view of its message. Art loses its unique powers of communication when viewed as an ordinary image.
A study by USDA-ARS scientist Arnold Bruns compared twin-row and single-row soybean plantings and found that the former yielded more pods per plant without affecting seed yield. Twin-row production resulted in increased yields on both soils, but only minor economic benefits of $75 per hectare. The study highlights the importance of con...
Researchers at Tel Aviv University have discovered that oral mucosa stem cells can be manipulated into fetal-like stem cells with high therapeutic potential for treating neurodegenerative, heart, and autoimmune diseases. The cells can be derived from a small biopsy of tissue and show minimal discomfort and healing time.
A large global study concludes that exclusive breastfeeding for four months or longer does not protect against childhood eczema. The study, involving 51,119 children in 21 countries, suggests that the current guidelines on breastfeeding and eczema prevention need to be reviewed.
A report by public health researchers suggests that government subsidies for top-grossing US films with tobacco imagery can undermine tobacco prevention campaigns. The study estimates that £338 million of tax credits in Britain went to US-produced films with tobacco imagery between 2003 and 2009.
Researchers have discovered a novel cytokine, Interleukin 37 (IL-37), that protects mice from colitis by modulating inflammation. This finding offers a promising approach to treat or control overactive immune systems in humans, particularly for patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
Researchers at Imperial College London have created 3D virtual fossil models of two ancient types of harvestmen, which lived on Earth over 300 million years ago. The 3D models reveal that these ancient creatures were surprisingly modern in appearance, with some species still living today exhibiting similar characteristics.
A study found that Afghan patients at a US military hospital in Afghanistan carry multidrug-resistant bacteria, posing a risk to both local and foreign patients. The high rate of MDR bacteria among Afghans is partly due to longer hospital stays.
Scientists found that high levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) expression are required for leukemia-initiating cell activity in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Blocking IGF1R using inhibitors or reducing its expression significantly impaired leukemia stem cells' self-renewal capacity.
The new guideline recommends using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring to diagnose high blood pressure, which may lead to a significant reduction in the number of people misdiagnosed with hypertension. The approach is expected to be cost-effective and save money by targeting treatment at those who need it.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in femtosecond laser writing, enabling the creation of new optical materials and devices. Key findings include the importance of temperature in material structuring and the potential for precise control of induced birefringence.
A 10-year study of people living around Kibale National Park in Uganda found that most households became better off, with improved access to clean drinking water, livestock, and shelter. However, 10% sold or lost their land, highlighting the importance of land as a productive asset for poor communities.
The TRMM satellite captured detailed images of Hurricane Irene, revealing a lack of eye formation and organized circulation. Rainbands indicated low-pressure circulation, with areas of intense rain near the center, suggesting potential for strengthening.
A meta-analysis of biologic therapies for chronic plaque psoriasis found no significant increase in cardiovascular events among patients treated with these medications. However, the analysis highlights limitations of current clinical trial designs, which may not detect rare or long-term adverse events.
Baylor researchers propose using data from similar chemicals to predict environmental toxicity and develop environmental safety values. This approach could help prioritize chemical testing, reducing the need for unnecessary animal testing while maintaining environmental safety.
A University of Melbourne study found that wheezy toddlers who react to house dust mites are more likely to develop asthma by age 12. The study identified a strong correlation between sensitivity and severe wheeze and asthma.
The article highlights the importance of social sciences in Health Policy and Systems Research (HPSR), emphasizing approaches to generalization, policy learning, and enhanced research quality. Social science perspectives are vital for acknowledging the complex nature of health policies and systems.
Research finds children of mothers with extreme morning sickness may suffer from anxiety, bipolar disorder, and depression as adults. A UCLA-USC study suggests prolonged malnutrition and stress during fetal brain development could contribute to these lifelong neurobehavioral disorders.
The project, called VertNet, aims to make online storage of vertebrate collections from around the world more accessible. This will enable academic researchers and citizen scientists to search and explore the vast collections more easily.