A study by St. Michael's Hospital found that nearly half of homeless people with chronic pain use street drugs to treat their condition, highlighting the need for improved approaches to managing chronic pain in this population. The study also highlights the importance of community outreach programs and education for healthcare provider...
Scientists have discovered a link between two competing states of a cuprate superconductor and developed a mathematical theory to describe their relationship. The new theory should help predict the behavior of the material under varying conditions, shedding light on its potential for improving energy efficiency and storage.
Researchers at UCLA have created the first genome-wide mapping of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in human embryonic stem cells, discovering its role in activating genes. The study's findings may lead to better understanding of gene regulation and potential cancer control.
Research by Craig Gundersen, a University of Illinois economist, finds that strengthening the social safety net can lead to a decrease in childhood obesity. The study suggests that programs like SNAP play a vital role in reducing psychosocial stressors for low-income families.
Researchers found that yeast chromosome complement has decreased in all except one event, a whole genome duplication, where chromosomes fused or broke and recombined. This study sheds light on the evolution of chromosome complements in yeast and other organisms.
A Rice University study reveals that European house mice have developed resistance to warfarin through two distinct processes: point mutation and horizontal gene transfer. Algerian mice, a desert-dwelling species, are believed to have passed the resistant genome into house mice in Spain or North Africa.
Researchers at Ohio State University identified a family of proteins that close a critical gap in RNA polymerase, enabling it to maintain its grip on DNA and activate genes. This discovery has implications for antibiotic development and could contribute to understanding gene expression in all living organisms.
A new study published in the Journal of Vision found that viewers experience more comfort when stereo 3D content is placed behind a screen, rather than in front of it. The researchers observed increased discomfort and fatigue among participants who viewed content in front of the screen.
Research published in the European Respiratory Journal found that children who were exclusively breastfed for 6 months had a reduced risk of developing asthma-related symptoms. The study also showed that the longer duration of breastfeeding was associated with fewer wheezing episodes.
Researchers at UNC School of Medicine have discovered the seventh and eighth bases of DNA, called 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine. These modified bases are thought to play a role in DNA demethylation and stem cell reprogramming.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota have identified a potential therapy to boost resistance against prenatal infections by manipulating an immune suppressive cell type. This approach allows pregnant women to more efficiently fight off infections without compromising pregnancy outcome.
A new study by Dr Anne McMunn and researchers from the International Centre for Lifecourse Studies in Society and Health found that working mothers have no significant negative impact on their children's social and emotional development. In fact, children with both parents in paid employment showed better socio-emotional outcomes than ...
A new study reveals that subsets of dendritic cells in the skin can promote unique and opposite immune responses against the same type of infection. The research highlights the critical role of dendritic cells in initiating an effective immune response.
Research reveals microglia cells prune connections between neurons, shaping brain wiring. The discovery could help understand autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders.
Researchers discover house mice acquired warfarin resistance from Algerian mice through interbreeding, highlighting multiple pathways to trait evolution. This unusual process helps explain rodents' ability to resist poison and informs strategies for controlling evolved resistances.
Researchers discovered that many proteins are required for maximum toxicity of ricin and PE, with differing requirements at multiple levels. Understanding toxin trafficking may lead to designing treatments targeting these toxins and potential synergistic therapies.
A recent study found that increased body mass index (BMI) is an independent predictor of clinical decompensation in patients with compensated cirrhosis. The researchers suggest that weight reduction may improve patient outcomes and that measures to reduce BMI could improve the prognosis for patients with advanced liver disease.
The OPTIMAL trial found erlotinib significantly prolonged median progression-free survival compared to chemotherapy (13.1 months vs 4.6 months). Serious treatment-related side effects were also more common in patients receiving chemotherapy.
A study by Boston Children's Hospital found that 1 in 4 lesbian or gay teens and 15 percent of bisexual teens are homeless. Among homeless teens, those who were gay, lesbian, or bisexual (GLB) were consistently more likely to be unaccompanied than heterosexuals.
Researchers discovered that trees in Chilean forests relying on hoverflies for pollination fare better when separated by resource-poor pine plantations than by agricultural lands. The 'Circe Principle' explains how abundant resources can slow or prevent pollinator movement, challenging existing conservation models.
Chemists have created molecular flasks that can house other molecules, allowing for the isolation of certain chemical reactions and potential control over chemical reactivity. The flasks are self-assembling and take the shape of a truncated octahedron, with the potential to create new materials with unique properties.
A team of researchers has identified a common mechanism between humans and zebrafish that regulates the circadian system. The discovery, published in PLoS Biology, could lead to new treatments for mental illness, metabolic diseases, and sleep disorders.
Researchers have discovered modified rhodium that changes color in response to different gases, including nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon monoxide. This finding could lead to the development of more sensitive air quality sensors.
The Buckeye Bullet team, with the Ohio Supercomputer Center, is developing a new electric land speed vehicle to surpass 400 mph. They're using computational fluid dynamics and large-scale simulations to optimize the aerodynamic design and minimize shock waves.
Researchers at USDA's Agricultural Research Service (ARS) have created a unique fingerprinting method to identify the source of soil, distinguishing between soils from rural roads and agricultural fields. This innovation has significant implications for managing wind erosion and promoting sustainable agriculture.
A team at Georgia Tech developed an operations research model that helped CARE International pick three locations worldwide to supply relief quickly to victims of earthquakes, floods, and other natural disasters. The model considered capacity constraints and recommended a gradual roll-out plan, enabling CARE to reduce response time, pr...
A study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that blue collar workers are more likely to suffer from arthritis and reduce their quality of life due to health conditions. The research highlights the need for enhanced federal programs, including disability and health insurance, to support these workers.
A Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution scientist has discovered that the DNA of viruses and their algal hosts can be preserved in sediments for thousands of years. This finding provides unprecedented insights into long-term viral/host population dynamics, which may have shaped past algal community structures.
Researchers found that a single gene, optix, underlies the diverse red wing patterns of Heliconius butterflies across the Americas. The gene's regulation leads to subtle differences in wing patterns between species.
Researchers from BUSM and BMC will implement a clinical model to coordinate narcology and HIV systems of care in Russia, aiming to increase engagement in medical care among HIV-infected IDUs. The LINC project aims to address the missed opportunity of delayed or non-receipt of HIV medical care in Russia.
The elimination of the national kidney allocation policy has improved minority access to transplants, with minorities now transplanted in proportion to their representation on the waiting list. The overall number of deceased donor transplants rose 23%, with a larger increase for minorities.
The INFORMS journal has announced a special issue on using logistics and analytics to improve responses to disasters and health crises. The studies featured include pre-positioning of emergency items, optimizing schedules for maritime humanitian cooperative engagements.
A new study by University of Illinois researchers highlights the challenges facing the commercialization of emerging liquid biofuels, which could enhance energy security and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Biobutanol, an emerging biofuel with a higher energy content than ethanol, is seen as a promising alternative to petroleum-based f...
Researchers at the University of Vienna have developed a method called "passive sampling" to measure the affinity of contaminants to carbon nanotubes. This method provides reliable results for realistic applications and can remove pollutants from contaminated water, making it a promising technology for water filtration.
Researchers found that conservative candidates used Twitter to convey a coherent message on economic issues and were more cohesive in their messaging. The study also showed that analyzing Twitter activity can predict election winners with high accuracy.
Tropical Storms Bret and Cindy are currently in the open waters of the North Atlantic, hundreds of miles east-northeast of Bermuda. Both storms show strong convection with cloud top temperatures as cold as -70 Celsius, indicating high thunderstorms.
A Harvard study reveals that access to outpatient psychiatric care in Massachusetts is severely limited, even for those with private insurance. The researchers found that only a small percentage of facilities listed by the largest insurer offered appointments within two weeks of a simulated patient's call.
Cell biologists from the University of Zurich have identified the infection mechanism for type-5 adenoviruses, revealing that viruses use scavenger cells to trigger an immune response and expose shielded receptors on lung epithelial cells. This discovery has implications for both gene therapy and cancer treatment.
A recent study by Kaiser Permanente found that patients with new statin prescriptions obtained through mail-order pharmacies showed improved cholesterol control in the first 3-15 months. This is compared to those who only used their local pharmacy, where 74.2% achieved target cholesterol levels.
Scientists have determined the 3D structure of a key cellular component using a heat-loving fungus. By analyzing the genome and proteome of Chaetomium thermophilum, researchers were able to identify the proteins that make up the innermost ring of the nuclear pore, a channel that controls what enters and exits a cell's nucleus.
Researchers at Ohio State University have developed a cell-culture system that mimics the coating of nerve cells with protective myelin, opening up new possibilities for studying multiple sclerosis. The study found that myelin regulates key protein placement and activity in sending electrical signals along hippocampal axons.
Research reveals most children with SCD do not feel supported by schools in catching up on absences from class. Schools are often divided on whether others should know a pupil has the condition, fearing it may intensify bullying.
Scientists successfully induced non-REM sleep in mice by controlling the activity of orexin neurons using a light-activated protein. The study provides clues to the underlying cause of narcolepsy, a disorder characterized by abnormal sleep and muscle weakness.
Research by Jean Cæté found that positive youth sports experiences are associated with coaches creating inclusive team environments, assessing individual progress rather than comparison, and providing challenging practices. This fosters initiative, motivation, and citizenship qualities in young players.
Researchers discovered a novel mechanism used by bacteria Paenibacillus dendritiformis to cope with overcrowding. A new insect-borne virus, Cavally virus, was also found in mosquitoes in Cote d'Ivoire, which may cause severe disease in humans or animals.
The US shale gas industry is projected to significantly impact global energy markets by 2040. The study finds that Russia's natural gas market share in Western Europe will decline from 27% to 13%, while the US will become a major supplier of liquefied natural gas (LNG).
A new study found that red fox mothers determine which cubs disperse from the family group, with genetic relationships influencing dispersal strategy. This discovery has important implications for our understanding of social mammals' evolution and dispersal processes.
Scientists at Washington University School of Medicine used evolutionary clues to reveal how a key clotting protein assembles. They found that two histidines play a crucial role in sensing pH changes and guiding the assembly of von Willebrand Factor, leading to new insights into common bleeding disorders.
Researchers found that journalists were more likely to cover the cultural aspects of a story, such as race and business, compared to bloggers. This reflects the advantages professional journalists have over bloggers, including better training and resources.
The National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) released four reports detailing information used to craft an updated EHS research strategy. The reports outline areas of focus, including human health, instrumentation, and risk management methods.
Researchers at University of Western Ontario will investigate whether prion protein is a therapeutic target in Alzheimer's disease. The team aims to test their hypothesis on the interaction between prion protein and amyloid beta, which could lead to novel therapeutics for both Prion diseases and Alzheimer
A UBC graduate student found that the mangrove fish's eyes have separate opsin genes for aerial and aquatic light, enabling adaptation to its environment. The study shows how gene duplication can lead to innovation in organisms.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute develop a highly successful vaccine against heroin high, producing antibodies that stop the effects of heroin and its metabolites. The vaccine shows promise for those trying to break their heroin addiction, with only three out of seven rats self-administering heroin after booster shots.
A new study by University of Bristol biologists found that mother foxes determine which cubs stay and which leave their family groups, with dominant females playing a crucial role in dispersal strategy. This unique discovery sheds light on the evolution of social behavior in mammals.
A new theory by Adrian Bejan, known as the constructal law, predicts the prevalence of S-curves in various fields, including biology, chemistry, and economics. The S-curve pattern is a natural design for flow systems to facilitate access, reducing friction or resistance.
Researchers at the University of Nevada School of Medicine discovered that caffeine inhibits the actions of pacemaker cells in Fallopian tube walls, reducing egg movement and potentially leading to infertility. This finding provides an explanation for why women with high caffeine consumption tend to take longer to conceive.
Researchers at URMC discovered a receptor called GPR56 that plays an important role in cancer progression and may trigger angiogenesis. This discovery could lead to more effective treatments for malignant melanoma by shutting down VEGF production at its source.
A new drug targeting the PI3K gene has shown significant shrinkage of tumors in two patients with advanced breast and cervical cancers. The drug, GDC-0941, is being tested in an early phase I study conducted by TGen and Virginia G. Piper Cancer Center.
A study published in the Nature journal Scientific Reports found that many tea and herbal products contain unlisted ingredients, including weeds and plants from various families. The research used DNA barcoding technology to identify unknown species in 70 tea products and 60 herbal products, revealing a total of 25 unexpected ingredients.
A University of Minnesota study found that full moons signal increased lion attacks on humans in Tanzania, with over two-thirds of attacks fatal. The research analyzed nearly 500 lion attacks between 1988 and 2009, revealing a clear pattern of increased danger after the full moon.