Researchers Beverly Strassmann and Wendy Garrard found that children in nuclear families were over four times more likely to die by age 5 if their mothers were dead. In contrast, paternal grandparents did not improve a child's survival due to competing for scarce resources in patrilineal societies.
A new report by the United Nations Foundation details a self-sustaining approach to improving women and children's health, using innovative tools and projects. The report aims to engage entrepreneurs and entrepreneurs-in-the-making in all sectors to make a substantial contribution.
Researchers from the University of Notre Dame have developed a graphene-based modulator that significantly expands the terahertz signal's modulation range to over 90 percent. This breakthrough replaces traditional metal gates with graphene, enabling more versatile applications in communications, medical imaging, and chemical detection.
Researchers developed semiconductor materials that detect gamma rays, identifying plutonium and uranium. The method uses dimensional reduction to create heavy elements with immobilized electrons, making them suitable for detection.
A new study by Johns Hopkins researchers found that helicopters servicing the Gulf of Mexico experience an average of 5 deaths per year due to mechanical failures and bad weather. Pilot error was a major contributor to 83 crashes, highlighting concerns about safety in oil and gas operations.
Researchers identified FOBISIN, a compound that targets 14-3-3 proteins, which are dysregulated in multiple cancers. X-ray analysis showed FOBISIN permanently bonds to the protein when exposed to radiation, triggering potent anticancer activity
A study of 24 patients found that repeated exposure to fluoroquinolone and azithromycin antibiotics increased resistance to multiple drugs, including older- and newer-generation antibiotics. This raises concerns about the judicious use of ophthalmic antibiotics to prevent antimicrobial resistance.
A new study of over 200,000 Medicare beneficiaries found that cardiac device infections result in extremely high costs and patient mortality rates, even after hospital discharge. The study highlights the need for infection prevention as a key component of reducing mortality and morbidity.
A study published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that people living in poorer neighborhoods are at a higher risk of sudden cardiac arrest. The disparity was particularly pronounced among individuals under 65 years old, with those in lower socioeconomic groups experiencing rates two- to fourfold higher than those in h...
Researchers have successfully delivered chemotherapy to cancer cells inside tiny microparticles, reducing ovarian cancer tumours by 65 times more than traditional methods. The 'Trojan Horse' approach uses a special protein called CD95 to hijack cancer cells and deliver the chemotherapy cargo.
According to a Canadian Medical Association Journal study, approximately 19% of Canadians have metabolic syndrome. The syndrome is more common among people with lower income and education levels, particularly those with abdominal obesity.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine found that BVES regulates EMT in human colon cancer cells and is silenced via promoter methylation in human colorectal carcinoma. Restoring BVES expression decreased cancer cell characteristics.
Researchers suggest using linear compensation to design emissions reduction strategies that benefit all nations, with punishments adjusted relative to other countries' performance. This mechanism leverages national abatement efforts to incentivize cooperation.
Researchers at Kansas State University are working with NASA to develop a method for measuring astronauts' physical abilities, which will help ensure their safety in space. By using an obstacle course that simulates various lunar tasks, the team has found that treadmill tests can predict an astronaut's performance with high accuracy.
The C-CHANGE guidelines integrate over 400 recommendations into one comprehensive resource, distilling practice and evidence down to 89 simplified recommendations. This harmonization aims to improve health outcomes by promoting a more evidence-based approach to cardiovascular care.
A recent study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons found that part-time employment models for surgeons can promote retention and address the looming shortages in surgical specialties. By working fewer hours, surgeons may practice more years, alleviating the predicted surgeon shortage by up to 42.5%.
A study published in the American Journal of Health Promotion found that consistently practicing Transcendental Meditation resulted in a significant decrease in physician fees for high-cost individuals, with a cumulative reduction of 28% after five years. This technique has major policy implications and could help reduce healthcare costs.
A special digital issue featuring 150-page four-volume reports from first-person accounts of responders who were thrust into the world spotlight on September 11, 2001. The report highlights the devastating effects of 9/11 on responders' lives and relationships, as well as their reluctance to seek counseling.
A team of researchers has discovered a thermodynamically stable RNA nanoparticle that can serve as a platform for building larger, multifunctional nanoparticles. This breakthrough could lead to new therapeutic applications in treating cancers and viral infections.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum demonstrated spin pumping effect in magnetic layers using ultrafast X-ray scattering. This behavior is crucial for magnetic sensors in hard disk read heads and data storage.
A recent study by Université Laval researchers found that the risk of insomnia is significantly higher in people from families where at least one member is an insomniac. The study involved 3,485 participants and showed a 67% increase in insomnia risk for family members with one or more relatives suffering from insomnia.
A study found that CIED infections are associated with increased mortality, hospital length of stay, and costs. The risk varies depending on the type of device, with pacemakers having a greater impact than other devices.
A study on Alexander Litvinenko's care reveals that hospital staff involved in routine daily activities, such as handling patient blood and urine samples, were at higher risk of radiation contamination. The findings suggest that more attention should be given to infection control practices during these daily activities.
Hebrew University researchers have identified a key signal that prompts production of insulin-producing beta cells, which may help restore or increase beta cell function in people with type 1 diabetes. The study found that glucose levels trigger the regeneration of beta cells through a specific enzyme, glucokinase.
Researchers have identified protein signatures in mouse blood samples that reflect lung cancer biology in humans, paving the way for better monitoring of tumor progression and potential early detection strategies. The study's findings also suggest that these signatures may be useful in detecting lung cancer at an earlier stage.
A study aims to utilize Galectin-3 and HBME-1 proteins as biomarkers for thyroid cancer diagnosis, enabling earlier detection and reducing surgical interventions. The research has the potential to improve patient outcomes by accurately identifying patients at risk of cancer.
A team of researchers led by Professor Rikard Blunck has discovered the molecular mechanism behind toxin proteins engineered into food to kill insects. The study uses a novel technique involving fluorescent light to analyze the protein's structure and behavior in artificial cell membranes.
A meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials found that treating cardiovascular risk factors improves sexual function in men with erectile dysfunction, even when lifestyle interventions alone were used. The study suggests that addressing CV risk factors can have a positive impact on ED and overall quality of life.
The tip sheet highlights common barriers to depression disclosure among patients, including concerns about antidepressant prescriptions and confidentiality. It also explores the widespread use of NSAIDs by patients with chronic kidney disease, despite warnings against their use. Additionally, the article critiques long-established coro...
A new method for modifying mycotoxins in contaminated grains has been developed using transgenic yeast. The research, published in Biotechnology for Biofuels, shows that the yeast can convert toxic trichothecene mycotoxins to less toxic forms during fermentation.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital have identified a new combination of targeted therapies that successfully treat two aggressive tumor types: neurofibromatosis type 1 and KRAS-mutant lung cancer. The treatment promotes dramatic tumor regression by targeting cancer cells from two different angles.
A Montreal-led international team identified the mutated gene POLR3A as responsible for three forms of leukodystrophies, a group of childhood-onset neurodegenerative disorders. The findings provide crucial insights into diagnostic tests and genetic counseling, as well as potential therapeutic strategies to replace defective genes.
An international research team has shown that an investigational agent that sticks onto the surface of tumor cells can effectively image tumors. The 'antagonist', 111In-DOTA-BASS, outperformed the widely used 'agonist' agent, OctreoScan, in detecting neuroendocrine tumors.
A randomized controlled trial found that intranasal insulin therapy improved delayed story recall and preserved general cognition in adults with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease. The treatment also stabilized cerebral glucose metabolism and functional abilities in older adults.
Researchers have discovered blood proteins associated with early lung cancer development in mice and humans, offering a promising avenue for a non-invasive blood test. The study found distinct protein signatures in mouse models and human patients, which could aid in diagnosis and monitoring of the disease.
A study found that long-term use of nonaspirin anti-inflammatory drugs is associated with an increased risk of renal cell cancer. The study analyzed data from two large prospective cohort studies and found a 51% increase in the relative risk of RCC among those who regularly used nonaspirin NSAIDs for more than four years.
Researchers at University Medical Center Utrecht discovered that fish oil supplements containing omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids can induce resistance to a broad spectrum of chemotherapies. The study found that the body's own protective substances, which are also present in fish oil, can block the effect of chemotherapy.
Researchers aim to create bacteria that form geometrical patterns to understand stem cell behavior. By modifying E. coli with genetic circuits, they hope to unlock the genetic programming behind complex cellular structures.
Scientists at Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics in Berlin have decoded a human genome into its molecular haplotypes, revealing the two chromosome sets differ from each other. The comprehensive analysis identified 159 mutated genes with disease-predisposing potential.
A recent study has found a significant link between high cholesterol levels and the presence of brain plaques associated with Alzheimer's disease. Researchers tested 2,587 people aged 40-79 and found that those with high cholesterol had significantly more brain plaques than those with normal or lower cholesterol levels.
A new analysis found that women who inherit BRCA gene mutations develop breast and ovarian cancers at significantly younger ages than their female relatives in the previous generation. The study suggests that early age of diagnosis is crucial for providing effective counseling, screening, and treatment services.
Researchers create detection tool that spots flight glitches without prior knowledge of parameters to check. The technique uses cluster analysis to identify abnormal flights, allowing analysts to further inspect reports and prevent potential accidents.
The American Dental Association recommends using sugar-free polyol gum, lozenges, and hard candy to prevent cavities in patients at high risk. Nonfluoride varnishes with chlorhexidine and thymol can also be effective when used as adjuncts to fluoride-containing products.
Researchers developed a gene therapy that targets breast cancer stem cells, eliminating them and increasing chemotherapy effectiveness. The therapy, VISA-claudin4-BikDD, was shown to reduce tumor volume by 75% and extend survival in mice.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have achieved a world record in nano research by tracking the largest contraction in an inorganic molecule ever recorded. The study used time-dissolved X-ray scattering to measure the contraction of Iridium atoms, resulting in a 62% increase over the previous record.
A magnitude-7.3 earthquake in 2009 devastated the Belizean Barrier Reef, causing widespread destruction and killing off dominant coral species. The reef's recovery is unlikely due to previous losses and the need for improved management of reef resources, including consideration of extreme events.
Rensselaer's new Blue Gene/Q supercomputer will boost the university's leadership in high-performance computing and enable research in data science, computational modeling, and more. The system, funded by a $2.65M NSF grant, provides balanced computational power, fast data access, and visualization capabilities.
Researchers have identified the protein BVES as a suppressor of colorectal cancer progression and suggest it could be a therapeutic or preventative target. Modulating BVES expression was found to decrease cancer cell characteristics in human colon cancer cells, providing rational for targeting BVES in individuals with colorectal cancer.
The Navy is launching its new joint tactical satellite, TacSat-4, which will bring on-the-go communications to the battlefield. The fourth-generation microsatellite enables warfighters to use handheld radios for mobile communications without downtime.
The UCSB Materials Research Laboratory has received a renewed $20 million grant from the National Science Foundation to conduct distinctive research and education programs. The grant will advance materials science research in areas such as energy-efficient microelectronics, adhesives, and coatings inspired by marine organisms.
Researchers found that mice without the HDAC3 enzyme experience rapid thickening of the heart muscle and heart failure on a high-fat diet. This molecular link has implications for people on Western diets and combating heart disease.
Researchers found that quitting smoking is associated with a decrease in impulsivity and neuroticism in young adults. Those who quit smoking also showed the biggest declines in these traits from ages 18 to 25. The study suggests targeting anti-smoking efforts at impulsivity may help young people stop smoking.
Researchers at UC Berkeley have demonstrated negative capacitance in ferroelectric materials, a phenomenon that can amplify charge for a given voltage. This breakthrough has the potential to revolutionize computing by enabling the creation of low-power transistors without compromising performance.
The ComPASS project aims to improve educational capacity for preparing students to contribute to a computationally driven economic future. UCSD and SDSU will offer 'computer science principles' classes at high school, undergraduate, and teacher training levels.
Researchers found that the circadian cycle, regulating day-night rhythms, drives gene expression in mussels more than previously thought. The tidal cycle's influence was less significant, with 80-90% of genes showing rhythmic expression linked to the circadian cycle.
Neuroscientists at UC Berkeley have discovered a new approach to treating tinnitus by retraining the brain, targeting areas that have lost input from the ear. The study also found that drugs can boost inhibitors to reduce spontaneous firing of idle neurons in the auditory cortex.
Researchers used MRI and PET/CT to prove the efficacy of dalcetrapib in preventing atherosclerosis progression and reducing vascular inflammation over 24 months. The study found significant reductions in atherosclerotic disease progression and arterial inflammation, suggesting a promising new treatment for cardiovascular disease.
The research aims to determine the impacts of various emission sources on fine particle concentrations in Santiago de Chile. The study reveals that transport is the biggest source of fine particles in the city.
The MUTE project presents a purely electric, energy-efficient vehicle with low weight and advanced technology. Researchers from TU Muenchen created an agile two-seater with a range of at least 100 kilometers, featuring a torque vectoring differential for improved safety and dynamics.
Research finds psoriasis patients are 26% more likely to die from cardiovascular disease and 18% more likely to die from all causes after a heart attack. The study emphasizes the need for a more aggressive approach to secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in psoriasis patients.