Researchers found that people can intuitively sense changes in body odor composition across the lifespan, with odors from older individuals being rated as less intense and less unpleasant. This ability is driven by specific chemical components, contrary to popular belief about old age odor.
A study by University of Granada researchers found that immigrant women in Spain experience great stress during childbirth, with disorders such as obsessive compulsive disorder and depression common among them. The study also revealed differences in healthcare access and utilization between immigrant and Spanish women.
Scientists outline how humans use nose and tongue to recognize food flavors, suggesting a way to teach people to like vegetables. The study reveals the brain integrates taste and smell sensations into a single flavor perception, potentially leading to improved diets.
Researchers have discovered an additional third of atomic hydrogen gas in galaxies, which could impact star formation rates. The findings suggest that galaxies are forming stars at 20 times the rate they did billions of years ago.
A recent article in the Hastings Center Report raises questions about the AMA's policy on prescribing placebos, arguing that it may not be the best way to protect or benefit patients. The article suggests that some bioethicists argue that an undisclosed placebo is sometimes the best available treatment for certain patients.
Researchers at the University of New South Wales have discovered a potential new way to regulate the immune response, increasing good regulating cells to treat autoimmune diseases. The treatment involves injecting cell-signalling proteins called cytokines, which boost the body's immune system without causing overdrive.
Researchers discovered that meteorites can generate methane when exposed to sunlight, which could account for a large part of Mars' atmosphere. This finding informs future Mars missions searching for life and suggests that sunlight and debris from meteorites play a role in shaping the planet's atmosphere.
Breast cancer researchers found that two related receptors, LRP5 and LRP6, must work together to maintain normal activity in mammary stem cells. A new signaling pathway may be involved, which could lead to new directions for cancer-drug manufacturers.
Researchers at the University of Tennessee found that US skulls have increased in size by 200 cubic centimeters since the mid-1800s, with average height from base to top increasing by eight millimeters
A new study published in Biological Psychiatry confirms ketamine's rapid antidepressant effects in patients with bipolar disorder. Ketamine was found to significantly reduce depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts within hours of administration.
A new study demonstrates that a back brace with a tiny heat sensor can measure how long it is worn, leading to improved compliance rates among children. The Thermobrace system shows promising results in tracking brace wear and fostering better patient-physician relationships.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has released a new standard reference material (SRM) to aid in detecting two explosive compounds used by terrorists. The SRM contains meticulously measured concentrations of PETN and TATP, allowing researchers to test and validate their detector designs.
A study by Adam Galinsky et al. suggests that team hierarchies improve efficiency and productivity due to reduced conflict and increased coordination. The research confirms the theory that all high-power individuals lead to elevated conflict, undermining group performance.
A 23-year study found children's use of imagination in play increased over time, while comfort and engagement with play activities also rose. Additionally, children today expressed fewer negative emotions during play compared to previous generations.
Recent paleoseismic work reveals an average recurrence rate of 125 years for the San Andreas Fault in the Santa Cruz Mountains, indicating a higher seismic hazard than previously thought. The study also sheds light on how individual segments of the fault system can produce destructive earthquakes.
A study suggests that subaerial chemical weathering plays a more significant role in forming rock platforms along coasts and rivers than previously thought. The researchers found that the platforms correspond to the saprock-bedrock boundary, remain within the zone of modern water table, and are weakened by wet/dry cycling.
Researchers link steep mountain slopes to landslide erosion caused by plate tectonics and powerful streams. The study found that small increases in slope angle above 30 degrees translate into large increases in landslide erosion.
A handful of genetic changes in early mammalian development created the complex structures of the human brain, including fine motor skills and cognitive abilities. Researchers identified key regulatory DNA regions that control the formation of the corticospinal system.
The University of Oklahoma led a US-based team in sequencing the tomato genome, revealing new insights into fruit characteristics. The achievement has significant implications for developing more desirable strains with higher yields, increased disease resistance, and improved flavor.
Researchers found tart cherry juice significantly reduces inflammation in women with osteoarthritis, particularly those with high inflammation levels. Drinking twice daily for three weeks led to notable reductions in inflammatory markers.
Researchers at UCSF have discovered that rhesus macaques with more Th17 cells in their gut are better able to control SIV and live longer after infection. This finding may shed light on why some people infected with HIV live longer and have fewer health problems than others.
Researchers at Vienna University of Technology found a special iron-oxide surface that locks single gold atoms in place, allowing them to study the chemical reactivity of individual atoms. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient catalysts, requiring less precious material.
Researchers are launching a nationwide effort to conserve crop wild relatives in the US, recognizing that these plants have value in adapting food systems to climate change. The plants' genetic material could be used to breed drought-resistant crops, making them essential for global agriculture.
The Maryland Stem Cell Research Fund has awarded grants to 29 Johns Hopkins researchers working on stem cell metabolism, disease modeling, and therapy development. New therapies aim to replace damaged cells in patients with conditions like schizophrenia and Rett syndrome.
A Northwestern University study found that early exposure to microbes reduces the risk of chronic inflammation related to diseases like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and dementia. Adults in Ecuador showed no signs of chronic inflammation, unlike many US adults with chronically elevated C-reactive protein levels.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a biochip-based device that can rapidly screen cells for leukemia or HIV. The device uses microfluidic drifting technology to focus particles or cells in a single stream, eliminating the need for bulky lenses and mirrors, and potentially reducing costs to $1,000 from current prices of $100,000.
The Oakley Cluster, a new HP/Intel supercomputer, ranks 9th in the US and 2nd among US academic institutions when comparing benchmarked performances. It achieves 88 teraflops of performance with nearly twice the memory per core and three times the number of GPUs compared to its predecessor.
Researchers discover that decreasing Lhx2 activity triggers glial reactivity, while increasing its activity is key to producing protective proteins. This finding holds promise for developing novel therapies for neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers at Ohio State University have identified a 'life-and-death' molecule on the surface of chronic leukemia cells that targets CD37. The finding could lead to more effective therapy for CLL, an as yet incurable cancer that occurs in over 16,000 Americans annually.
Researchers found that herpes viruses and other neurotropic pathogens sabotage cell function by hijacking neuronal internal transportation networks. Viral infection elevates neuron activity and calcium levels, stopping mitochondrial motion and allowing the virus to freely travel and reproduce within infected cells.
Researchers developed coatings that use nanoparticles to interact with sunlight and break down pollutants like nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, and carbon monoxides. The coating is thin, adaptable, and durable, making it suitable for construction materials.
New research finds that adding zinc to standard antibiotic therapy significantly reduces treatment failure risk in young children with suspected serious bacterial infections, such as pneumonia and meningitis. The study showed a 40% lower risk of treatment failure and a 43% reduced risk of death among children given zinc.
The Tomato Genome Consortium has sequenced the genomes of domesticated tomatoes and its wild ancestor Solanum pimpinellifolium, revealing detailed insights into the plant's genetic makeup. The sequences provide a better understanding of how genetics and environmental factors interact to determine crop health and viability.
Researchers at Monell Chemical Senses Center found that humans can identify age based on differences in body odor, with elderly individuals' odors being recognized across cultures. Evaluators rated body odors from the old-age group as less intense and less unpleasant than those from middle-aged and young individuals.
Researchers discovered that people are equally good at finding the right balance between task completion time and reward points, regardless of task complexity. This suggests that humans may not be intrinsically bad or good at making decisions, but rather capable of adapting to different situations.
A recent study published in Feminist Criminology found that male and female sex offenders received significantly different sentences for the same crimes. On average, male sentences were between 6% and 31% longer than female sentences. This disparity was attributed to societal norms and gender roles.
Researchers found that skin transplant surgery is safe and effective in treating vitiligo, with treated areas regaining an average of 43-68% of their natural skin color. The procedure involves transferring melanocyte cells from healthy skin to damaged areas.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine have engineered cells that behave like AND and OR Boolean logic gates, producing an output based on one or more unique inputs. This breakthrough could lead to the development of computers that use cells as tiny circuits.
Researchers found that genetic variations in nicotinic receptor genes affect an individual's likelihood of quitting smoking on their own or requiring medication. The study suggests personalized treatment plans can improve quit rates, particularly for those with high-risk gene variants.
A new study suggests that giant magma bodies forming the basis of super-eruptions exist for a few thousand years before erupting, rather than hundreds of thousands. This discovery has implications for predicting and mitigating the effects of these massive eruptions.
Three US Army medical residents received national awards for their research at the American College of Physicians annual meeting. The ACP's Internal Medicine meeting provides a valuable opportunity for military and civilian physicians to collaborate and share best practices.
Patients with hemianopia experience improved visual detection of light stimuli after being presented with sounds on the affected side. Neural pathways that process information from different senses play a key role in this effect.
A Michigan State University study suggests that lower-income mothers should adopt healthy eating habits themselves and encourage their children to eat good foods. By doing so, mothers can help create a healthier diet for their kids without using force or restrictions.
Researchers have discovered that Arctic bacteria can produce biosignatures linked to biological activity, which could be indicative of microorganisms on Europa. The study found needle-shaped sulphur crystals and organic compounds in the environment, sparking hopes of finding life beneath Europa's icy crust.
The Tomato Genome Consortium has sequenced and assembled the tomato genome, revealing two rounds of triplications that have impacted genes controlling texture, color, and maturation. This analysis provides key information for studying the evolution of this species and exploring methods to promote resistance to pests and water scarcity.
Researchers found yoga improved strength, endurance, and gait speed in veterans with chronic stroke after an eight-week program. Yoga also showed promise for improving neuromuscular control, leading to potential benefits for clinical practice in gait recovery.
The tomato genome sequence provides detailed information about its genes and chromosomes, enabling researchers to improve crop yields and quality. The full genome sequence allows for faster and less expensive sequencing of other varieties, with potential applications in improving taste, nutritional content and disease resistance.
Studies found that regular exercise improved physical function in cancer survivors, but specific prescriptions remain unclear. Researchers also discovered that older cancer survivors engage less in physical activity due to functional declines, potentially affecting independence and survival.
Iowa State researchers have found a new photo-excited graphene state characterized by broadband population inversion of electrons, resulting in optical gain. This discovery could enable the development of efficient amplifiers and opto-electronics devices.
The Genetics Society of America has awarded six graduate students and seven postdoctoral researchers with the DeLill Nasser Travel Award, valued at $1,000 each. The awards support attendance at national or international meetings or laboratory courses to enhance their careers.
The Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics at UC Santa Barbara has received two new grants to advance its interdisciplinary biology initiatives. The grants, totaling $2 million, will support workshops, postdoctoral fellowships, and a new summer program aimed at the interface of physics and biology.
A new mini-sensor, Chip-scale Atomic Magnetometer (CSAM), has successfully measured the magnetic field of the human brain. The sensor's room temperature operation capability makes it more versatile than conventional cryoelectronics, which are limited to low temperatures.
The John Theurer Cancer Center will present research on multiple myeloma and leukemia, including combination therapies and salvage therapy for acute myeloid leukemia. The center's focus on bolstering its research program is part of its continued effort to provide comprehensive cancer care.
BARREL aims to measure X-rays produced by charged particles entering Earth's atmosphere, helping scientists understand risks to spacecraft and humans in space. The 45 payloads will be launched on balloons around Antarctica as part of a NASA mission, combining with RBSP measurements for more accurate data.
A new medical imaging device has been developed to diagnose and treat chronic ear infections by detecting biofilms behind the eardrum. The device uses optical coherence tomography and can identify biofilms in patients with chronic infections, but not those with normal ears.
A new study published in Biochemistry found that the swine flu virus H1N1-2009 develops resistance to drugs Relenza and Tamiflu by mutating its NA enzyme, specifically the '150-loop' region. This mutation reduces drug effectiveness by 21 times for Relenza and 12,374 times for Tamiflu.
A new index reveals that 71% of Australians live near specialist hospital care and four types of aftercare within an hour's drive. However, rural and remote communities face significant challenges in accessing cardiac care, with Indigenous people living at a lower rate than non-Indigenous Australians.
A new study suggests that long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like aspirin can decrease the risk of squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma. The findings indicate a potential cancer-protective effect of NSAID use, which should be considered when discussing benefits and harms.
A new study finds that older adults with low vitamin D levels are at a 30% increased risk of developing mobility limitations. Vitamin D plays an important role in muscle function and has been linked to various health conditions that can affect physical performance.
Researchers discovered mutations in the RAD21 gene that cause mild cognitive and physical impairments, similar to cohesin disorders. The study suggests children with mild symptoms may go undiagnosed.