A three-year longitudinal study found that periodontal treatment reduced hospital admissions, physician visits, and overall medical care costs in diabetics by an average of $1,814 per patient annually. This significant reduction was attributed to a 33% decrease in hospital admissions.
Scientists analyze bones from 80 sailors buried in Royal Naval Hospitals to reveal their diet was mainly salt beef, sea biscuits, and beer; a 'naval average' diet was consistent across theaters
A new epilepsy gene has been discovered in dogs, specifically in Belgian Shepherds, which is associated with a seven-fold increased risk of epilepsy. The research also suggests that other genetic risk factors may be present in the breed, and ongoing studies aim to identify the specific gene causing epilepsy.
A study published in the British Medical Journal found that offering free nicotine patches and proactive counselling to smokers calling an NHS quitline did not increase the number of people who successfully quit smoking. The trial compared the effectiveness of this extra support against standard reactive quitline support, with no signi...
A new study estimates the total economic burden of fragility fractures in the European Union at €39 billion EUR, with hip fractures contributing to over half of all costs. The study highlights the need for preventive action to address the growing number of seniors and estimated doubling of fractures by 2050.
Researchers have successfully diagnosed a new species of plant using DNA barcoding, a method that relies on short DNA sequences for identification. The study marks a significant shift towards English-language diagnoses, which will enable scientists to more easily share and verify findings.
A phase III clinical trial found that the combination of everolimus and exemestane improved bone strength and reduced the chance of cancer spreading in the bone. The treatment also showed a lower rate of further tumour growth and more difficult metastases to occur.
Researchers found that certain genetic mutations in acute myeloid leukemia patients predicted improved outcomes when treated with high-dose induction chemotherapy. Mutational profiling could help identify distinct subgroups of patients who may benefit from dose-intensified therapy.
The University of Texas at Dallas and Virginia Tech have created an undersea vehicle inspired by the common jellyfish, which runs on renewable energy. The robotic jellyfish, dubbed Robojelly, feeds off hydrogen and oxygen gases found in water, producing only water as waste.
Richard Woytowich reinterprets the statements made by Titanic survivors, taking into account new knowledge about the ship's breakdown. His research aims to resolve conflicts in testimony and restore credibility to the majority of survivors.
A national clinical trial found that preoperative aromatase inhibitors enabled postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer to have lumpectomy instead of mastectomy. The treatment increased the likelihood of breast-conserving surgery, sparing women's breasts.
Researchers discovered that embryonic stem cells undergo a metabolic shift, using glucose as their primary energy source like cancer cells. This shift occurs under low oxygen conditions and is driven by a transcription factor called hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha.
A new, pitch-black wasp species has been discovered in Sulawesi, Indonesia, belonging to the digger wasp family. The species differs from all known related digger wasps due to its unusual body size and long, sickle-shaped jaws.
A study reconstructing fisheries yields over seven centuries in Hawaii and Florida Keys reveals that Native Hawaiian societies managed fisheries sustainably through local regulations and community involvement. The authors argue that incorporating ancient techniques into modern policy may be key to sustaining coral reef fisheries.
A new international study on healthy heating found that Danes are most willing to accept economic interventions to promote healthy eating habits, with 70% prepared to pay more tax for healthier food. Danish consumers also show a positive attitude towards public authorities and high taxes, leading to higher support for nutritional changes.
Researchers suggest that highly massive black holes began growing rapidly in the early universe due to chaotic gas flows. By simulating gas discs orbiting a black hole at different angles, they found that collisions between these discs can lead to a significant increase in the black hole's mass.
Professor Cyrus Cooper was awarded the IOF Medal of Achievement for advancing knowledge of osteoporosis through original and outstanding scientific contributions. He has led research programs on epidemiology, bone mineral accrual, and preventive strategies against hip fracture.
Researchers have developed a breast implant with a 'bed-of-nails' surface at the nanoscale that reduces cancer cell growth and promotes healthy endothelial breast cells. The implant's unique surface features deter cancerous cells from dwelling and thriving, offering a promising alternative to traditional treatments.
A study published by the American Thoracic Society found that low serum adiponectin levels are associated with a higher risk of developing asthma in middle-aged women. The research also suggests that raising systemic adiponectin concentrations could potentially prevent asthma in women who smoke.
The Hawai'i Undersea Research Laboratory has developed an online deep-sea animal photo-guide with over 1,500 images, making it easier for scientists and the public to identify and appreciate marine life. The guide is organized by major taxa and includes tags indicating depth levels.
Researchers embed artificial membranes with billions of nanoantennas to study cell signaling patterns and molecular interactions. The technique boosts fluorescent signals, enabling tracing of individual proteins and enhancing biomolecule imaging.
A Johns Hopkins bioethicist is part of a committee releasing an IOM report on translating 'omics' research into clinical tests. The report aims to improve the development, evaluation, and translation of omics-based tests.
A new study found that overweight and obese women are at higher risk of breast cancer recurrence, regardless of chemotherapy dosage. The study, which analyzed data from 1909 patients, suggests that lifestyle factors can influence cancer prognosis.
A newly discovered fossil species of scops owl found in Madeira reveals that its extinction was linked to human arrival and habitat destruction. The findings suggest that human introduction led to disease transmission, invasive species, and habitat loss, contributing to the bird's demise.
A new £2.9m project aims to forecast the future of the UK's coastline up to 100 years, addressing flooding and erosion risks.
Researchers found that sleeping shortly after learning new information improves memory recall, particularly for unrelated facts. Practicing before bed may help consolidate memories and improve retention.
A recent study by USDA Forest Service researchers found that removing the invasive Tamaligi tree greatly improves the health of its diverse native forests in American Samoa. Native tree species quickly recover and persist after control efforts, while biomass levels are restored to equivalent pre-invasion levels.
A new study published in International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology found that ketorolac is a safe and effective pain medication for patients after sinus surgery, without the side effects of narcotics. The study compared ketorolac to fentanyl and found no significant differences in nasal bleeding or pain relief.
A new study finds that brain insulin resistance contributes to cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease, independent of diabetes status. Insulin-sensitizing medicines may have therapeutic potential to correct insulin resistance and slow down or improve cognitive decline.
Researchers at Uppsala University have identified potential biomarkers for autism spectrum disorder using advanced mass spectrometry. The study found disruptions in the nervous system and a connection between protein C3 and ASD, which may lead to a reliable blood-based diagnostic tool.
Researchers have discovered a new species of scorpion in Death Valley National Park, California. The species, Wernerius inyoensis, is small and closely related to other species found in Joshua Tree National Park and along the lower Colorado River.
A study by Complutense University of Madrid found that Spanish public television began to portray republicans as brave combatants in the final years of Franco's regime. The researchers analyzed TVE archives and concluded that the topic of peace replaced war, highlighting a shift in how the Civil War was portrayed on TV.
Researchers at the University of Southampton are using 3D imaging to create personalized maps of how inhaled drugs work within the lungs. This unique visualization will help optimize drug administration and inform future treatments for diseases like asthma and cystic fibrosis.
Research finds Patatin-like phospholipase domain containing protein-3 (PNPLA3) and glucokinase regulatory protein (GCKR) genetic variants contribute to fatty liver disease in obese children, explaining up to 39% of hepatic fat content.
A randomised controlled trial found ultrasound-guided surgery excises all cancerous tissue with minimal healthy tissue removal, reducing re-excisions and radiotherapy. The technique enables precise tumour localisation and assessment of surgical margins.
The Stroke Progress Review Group identified three priorities: developing valid measurements of neuroplasticity, understanding the impact of experience on brain plasticity after stroke, and translating new restorative therapies into practice. Implementing Specialized Programs of Translational Stroke Research in Recovery is a key priority.
A study of ancient DNA found that Western European Neandertals experienced a demographic crisis, leading to reduced genetic variation and near-extinction. This discovery challenges the long-held theory of cold adaptation in Neandertals.
Researchers found that chimpanzees switched to two legs in high-competition situations to carry more resources. This adaptation may have led to natural selection and the origin of human bipedalism.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center found that 38% of lung cancer patients suffer from depression, with greater stigma levels related to higher depressive symptoms. Psychotherapeutic approaches may help alleviate or prevent depression by altering perceptions of stigma.
A recent study by Purdue University researchers found that fatigue and unmet expectations of parenthood can contribute to post-adoption depression in women. The study, based on survey results from 300 mothers who adopted within the past two years, identified unrealistic expectations as a common theme related to depression.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic and University of Glasgow discovered fruit flies can develop kidney stones, which may hold the key to treating humans. They identified a gene that encodes a protein transporting oxalate into fly kidneys, reducing stone formation.
The NIH has launched an online resource called e-Source, which offers a range of interactive chapters, discussion forums, and references to help researchers apply behavioral and social science methods to public health activities. The resource is designed to provide a foundation for collaborations between biological and social scientists.
Researchers at Michigan State University have developed a novel procedure to assess plant species diversity in an area by analyzing vegetation information collected by satellites over time. This allows resource managers to evaluate biodiversity without collecting regionwide field data.
A study published in PNAS reveals that a deficiency of Mitofusin 2 protein causes insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in mice, highlighting its potential as a target for treating type 2 diabetes. The researchers also note that the protein plays a crucial role in maintaining normal glucose homeostasis.
A new diagnostic criteria for Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) has been proposed, expanding on existing criteria for Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder Associated with Streptococcus (PANDAS). A clinical trial testing an immune-based treatment is currently underway, aiming to provide appropriate care fo...
Scientists have discovered that even slight stimuli can change the information flow in the brain by altering the temporal pattern of communication between brain areas. This reorganisation can be triggered at the right time, allowing for rapid changes in perception.