The study found that shortening yellow duration and increasing speed limits increase the chance of drivers running a red light, while shortening cycle lengths do not impact safety. The researchers suggest a combination of strategies could produce adequate revenue without causing traffic delays or congestion.
Researchers at MIT and Boston Children's Hospital found a correlation between poor pre-reading skills in kindergartners and the size of a brain structure that connects language-processing areas. This study aims to identify children with dyslexia earlier, allowing for early intervention.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have successfully regenerated a mouse heart using human heart precursor cells, paving the way for potential transplantation and drug testing models. The breakthrough could lead to personalized organ replacement and improved treatment options for heart disease patients.
Researchers developed a digital streak camera that can capture full-color images of projectiles traveling at speeds of up to 3350 m/s. The camera uses a precisely controlled mirror to freeze the image on the sensor, capturing high-quality images with minimal distortion.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins have discovered a protein switch that can increase or decrease memory-building activity in brain cells. The protein, AGAP3, has dual roles: one side strengthens synapses in response to brain activity, while the other side brings synapse-building back down to normal levels.
A Korean research team developed a new cathode material for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) that performs well even at the intermediate temperature range. The material has excellent oxygen reduction reaction and surface oxygen exchange, leading to improved efficiency and reliability.
A new study published in Annals of Neurology found a significant decline in ischemic stroke rates among Mexican Americans over 60, with an overall decrease of 36% between 2000-2010. Despite this drop, the relative burden of stroke remains higher among Mexican Americans, with a rate 34% higher than non-Hispanic Whites.
Research shows married men working in female occupations spend more time doing housework, while their wives do less. Women in traditionally male jobs increase their domestic workload when their husbands work in male-dominated fields.
Ruth Canning's research project explores the Nine Years' War, a 400-year-old conflict that shaped Ireland's identity and continues to influence its culture today. The grant will fuel her three-year study of this overlooked war, which could lead to a more nuanced understanding of present-day situations.
A new high-tech analysis by University of Colorado Boulder researchers dated the oldest known petroglyphs in North America to at least 10,500 years ago. The Winnemucca Lake petroglyph site, located in western Nevada, features complex designs and vertical chain-like symbols carved into limestone boulders.
A study published in JAMA found that early surgical correction of mitral valve regurgitation was associated with greater long-term survival and lower risk of heart failure compared to initial medical management. This is particularly true for patients without American College of Cardiology guideline class I triggers.
Infants fed with DHA-enriched formula from birth to 12 months showed accelerated development and better performance on intelligence tests, including the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test and Weschler Primary Preschool Scales of Intelligence.
JBEI researchers have developed a one-pot process that combines pretreatment and saccharification into a single vat, eliminating the need for washing biomass and significantly simplifying downstream sugar recovery. The system achieved high glucose and xylose yields with minimal waste generation.
Researchers found that hypnotic suggestion can modify the processing of a targeted stimulus before it reaches consciousness, leading to true and automatic hallucinations. The study used EEG measurements and two highly hypnotizable participants who consistently reported color changes in response to suggested shapes.
A study found that MRSA strains in humans originated from cattle, with a 40-year timeline for the emergence of resistance to methicillin. The bacteria's genetic analysis revealed that bovine strains were closer to the root of the phylogenetic tree, indicating a common ancestor.
Researchers found that mice consuming a diet of 25 percent extra sugar died at twice the normal rate and males had reduced territory and reproduction rates. The study suggests that added sugars can have dramatic adverse impacts on mammalian health, even at levels considered safe by regulatory agencies.
A new study reports that ischemic stroke rates among Mexican Americans have declined over the past decade, while still being significantly higher than those of non-Hispanic Whites. The study found that this disparity has not changed, with Mexican Americans accounting for 34% of all stroke cases.
A new study found that growing up with siblings provides protection against divorce as an adult, with each additional sibling reducing the likelihood of divorce by 2 percent. The study analyzed data from over 57,000 adults and controlled for various factors, including education and socioeconomic status.
A new study by University of Virginia and Harvard University found that working-class Americans are less likely to get married, stay married, and have children within marriage compared to those with college degrees. The researchers attribute this to the decline of stable, unionized full-time jobs with health insurance and pensions.
A new strategy known as "low-temperature combustion" (LTC) might lead to broader use of cleaner diesel engines in the US. LTC reduces NOx and smoke emissions by recirculating exhaust gases and spraying fuel earlier in the engine cycle.
The collaboration aims to convert sugar cane bagasse into fuel ethanol, enabling year-round operations and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. NREL's expertise in biomass conversion technology will help optimize the process and make it economically viable.
Researchers found that poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) conduit transplantation can significantly enhance the quality of sciatic nerve regeneration compared to traditional autogenous nerve grafting methods. The conduits increased maximum tensile load, stress, and elastic limit load while reducing strain.
A study found that black patients with high levels of racial consciousness have higher blood pressures than those without. The researchers suggest that this hyper-vigilance could at least partly explain the disproportionately high rate of hypertension in black Americans.
Researchers created a simplified computer model of the Fæhråe-Lindqvist layer, a thin plasma layer controlling platelet speed in blood vessels. The model predicts how different red blood cell shapes affect blood flow and can help design artificial platelets and treatments for trauma injuries.
A three-year study found that female blue tits with brighter UV-reflectant crown feathers fledge more offspring than duller females, experiencing lower levels of stress hormones during arduous periods of chick rearing. This suggests that male choice of mate based on plumage color may be a wise strategy.
Researchers at LMU München have developed a novel technique to identify tumor and autoimmune disease antigens, which can simplify diagnostic procedures and enable the design of targeted, long-term therapies. The technology uses genetically engineered cells to analyze millions of antigens within hours.
A recent study found that enhancer RNA molecules can regulate gene expression and cause long-term epigenetic changes in cells. The researchers used genome-wide approaches to demonstrate the emergence of novel enhancers in primary macrophage cells, which were linked to histone methylation.
Heavy rainfall in Typhoon Utor's thunderstorm feeder-bands was detected by NASA's TRMM satellite, with rain falling at rates of over 73mm/hour. The storm strengthened over the South China Sea before making landfall in China, with maximum sustained winds reaching 95 knots/109.3 mph.
A study found that heart failure patients with left bundle-branch block (LBBB) and longer QRS duration had lower risks of death, cardiovascular events, and readmission after pacemaker implantation. These findings suggest using QRS morphology and duration to identify patients who will benefit most from the procedure.
The CEO Cancer Gold Standard program, developed by Johnson & Johnson, promotes workplace health promotion and industry practices that support cancer prevention and treatment. Employers can influence healthcare policies and reimbursement through data-driven decision making and the '5 Pillars' framework.
A new study found that having more siblings provides protection against divorce as an adult. Each additional sibling reduces the likelihood of divorce by 2%, with a greater effect seen among large families. The researchers analyzed data from over 57,000 adults and controlled for various factors to confirm their findings.
Researchers found that topological insulators behave asymmetrically at the sub-atomic level, which could lead to significant improvements in energy efficiency for quantum computers. The discovery was made using first-principles calculations and observations taken at the Advanced Light Source.
A study by Disney Research found that visiting soccer teams should adopt a more aggressive strategy to increase their chances of winning. The analysis of 380 games revealed that performance measures such as shooting and passing percentage were similar for home and away teams, but the location of possession was significantly different.
Conservation scientists work a substantial amount of their time outside regular office hours, with Japanese and Chinese researchers submitting nearly 40% of their manuscripts outside regular office hours. This trend is increasing, with potential negative impacts on the quality of scientific work and life-work balance.
Transplantation of neural stem cells into tumor-bearing rats inhibits abnormal Ras/Raf/Mek/Erk signaling, promoting apoptosis and potentially treating glioma. This study provides insights into the therapeutic effects of neural stem cell transplantation on glioma in mice.
Researchers found that cows fed controlled energy diets became pregnant 10 days sooner than those fed high-energy diets, and had improved body condition scores and lower disease incidence. This is due to the fact that they eat more after calving, reducing negative energy balance.
Researchers developed a 3D digital visualization model of healthy human cervical nerves, overcoming milling limitations and providing realistic 3D images. The model reveals the morphology, distribution, and spatial relations of major nerves in the neck, aiding anatomical teaching and regeneration research.
According to the study, women with a history of childhood physical abuse have a 47% higher odds of obesity compared to those from non-abusive homes. Even after adjusting for other factors, women from physically abusive families still had a 35% higher odds of obesity.
Researchers found women rarely part of corporate conspiracies and tend to play minor roles in fraud schemes. Women's involvement may be motivated by ethical concerns and social relationships, leading to lower financial gains from corporate crime.
A recent study by Rice University researchers found that altering the dynamics of a population can have measurable consequences on complex ecosystems. The study's results suggest that changing the structure of populations can alter entire food webs and ecosystems, highlighting their fragility.
Researchers discovered that large waves in Norwegian fjords were triggered by a powerful Japan earthquake, while disposal of Marcellus Shale fracking waste caused earthquakes in Ohio. The Arctic region is also sensitive to black carbon emissions, which can have devastating effects on the environment.
Researchers at the University of Washington have developed a new wireless communication system that allows devices to interact with each other without relying on batteries or wires for power. This technology, called ambient backscatter, takes advantage of TV and cellular transmissions to enable communication between devices.
A study by Karoline Kollmann and colleagues reveals CDK6's role in regulating tumour growth while also promoting blood vessel formation. The researchers found that a mutant form of CDK6 retains its ability to regulate expression despite losing kinase function.
A new study challenges the popular notion of a 'hookup culture' among contemporary college students, revealing that attitudes towards sex have remained relatively consistent over the past 25 years. The study found no evidence of a shift towards more frequent sex or multiple partners, contradicting previous claims.
A study found that only half of the identified ethical issues in dementia care were addressed in national clinical practice guidelines. Four critical issues, including advance directives and coercive medication, were consistently overlooked. The authors emphasize the importance of addressing these issues to improve patient care and pro...
Empa scientists developed a new method to increase the efficiency of flexible CdTe solar cells on metal foil by using copper doping. The study achieved efficiencies up to 13.6% and 11.5%, exceeding previous records, with the goal of reaching 20% in the future.
A research team at Northwestern University has designed and synthesized new polymer semiconductors, resulting in polymer solar cells with an impressive 80% fill factor. This achievement surpasses previous records and paves the way for a more efficient and sustainable energy production method.
A study published in PeerJ found that 'ray' wings sold to consumers in Ireland and the UK may include vulnerable species, such as the blonde ray, which has a declining population trend. The study highlights the need for improved labelling of foods to protect consumers and promote conservation.
The study reveals deeply concerning problems with the way workplaces are changing, including drivers' susceptibility to developing diabetes and other diseases. Truck drivers also face challenges such as federal regulations limiting their driving hours and pressure to meet market demands, which can lead to fatigue and health issues.
Regular exercise regimen helps mitigate neurocognitive impairments in patients living with HIV, reducing risk factors like high blood pressure and lipids. Exercise also improves working memory and processing speed.
A team of researchers studied anomodonts, ancient relatives of mammals, to understand their response to the largest mass extinction in Earth history. Despite ecological opportunities arising from species loss, anomodonts remained anatomically conservative and did not evolve new features.
Researchers at the University of Nottingham have found a novel way to block the social communication of bacteria P. aeruginosa, which enables it to cause infection.
Researchers used smartphone batteries to crowdsource weather information, estimating daily average temperatures for eight major cities with an accuracy of 1.5 degrees Celsius. This technique could lead to continuously updated weather predictions at a city block resolution, improving the accuracy and specificity of current weather forec...
Chronic pain affects an estimated 100 million US residents, costing $635 billion annually in healthcare costs and lost productivity. To address this issue, physicians must consider the psychological, social, and cultural contexts of their patients, as well as medication risks and benefits.
Researchers at Opertech Bio developed a proprietary apparatus, the Microtiter Operant Gustometer (MOG), to train rats as expert taste testers. This system measures both taste quality and palatability, allowing for high-throughput analysis of flavor ingredients.
Three winning teams received a $10,000 prize for their innovative projects addressing underserved populations and individuals with disabilities. The Personalized Monitoring of Enzyme Dynamics project focused on cancer treatment personalization, while the Microflora Refinement System tackled Clostridium difficile infections.
A new study found that depressed adolescents are more likely to develop anxiety if they have a pessimistic outlook, poor family relationships, or a mother with an anxiety disorder. Mental health professionals may be able to target these high-risk youth and provide early intervention to prevent anxiety from developing.
Research examines hip-hop's shift from party music to a political platform, with key figures in the rap industry leading a countering movement. The study highlights 'The Message' by Grandmaster Flash as a pivotal song addressing social issues and economic inequalities.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have discovered that neural stem cells can resist radiation and regenerate after damage, potentially restoring lost function in brain cancer patients and individuals with conditions like MS and PD. The findings may lead to new treatments for brain trauma and strokes.
A new map ranks 30 UK cities on their preparedness for climate change, with huge variation in readiness levels across the country. London and Leicester scored highly, but many cities lack effective strategies and monitoring systems to mitigate flooding and droughts.