Researchers have solved a longstanding puzzle in neuroscience by revealing the three-dimensional atomic structure of netrin-1, a guidance protein that can attract or repel brain cells. By understanding how this protein works, scientists may be able to develop new ways to steer cell behavior and potentially treat diseases such as cancer.
A Disney Research team created an algorithm that automatically edits footage from multiple cameras, following established rules of cinematography and identifying the most interesting content. The resulting videos capture essential action and are often similar in spirit to those produced by professionals.
A new photo editing algorithm developed by Brown University computer scientists enables users to change weather, time of day, season and other features with simple, natural language commands. The algorithm uses machine learning to make subtle color and contrast changes across the entire photo.
Four UT Arlington faculty members, Krystal Beamon, Darryl Lauster, Allan Saxe, and Kevin Schug, have been honored with the Regents' Outstanding Teaching Awards for their exceptional teaching skills and dedication to students. The total value of the awards is $2.4 million, recognizing 45 UT Arlington recipients since 2008.
Researchers investigated the effects of TiOx interlayer thickness on resistive switching performance. The Pt/TiOx (5nm)/ZnO/n+-Si structure exhibits optimal switching characteristics, outperforming other structures.
Researchers successfully fabricated high-quality CrO2 films on TiO2 substrates using a simple route, exhibiting half-metallic ferromagnetism and unique transport properties. The films show narrow crystallinity, low coercive field, and temperature-dependent magnetization following Bloch's T3/2 law.
A multi-institutional team has resolved a long-unanswered question about how water interacts with metal oxides. The study reveals two dramatically different pictures of water-metal oxide reactions, one forming amorphous networks on smooth surfaces and the other creating structured domains on hydroxylated surfaces.
A study led by Drs. Nir Barzilai and Joe Verghese aims to identify gene variants that prevent frailty in older adults. By building on previous research, the team hopes to develop drugs that mimic these genes' effects. The grant will explore biological pathways leading to frailty and investigate the role of exceptional longevity genotypes.
A large-scale study of over 180,000 people found that patients treated with metformin for type 2 diabetes had a small but statistically significant improvement in survival compared to non-diabetics. Meanwhile, those on sulphonylureas experienced reduced survival, even without statistical manipulation.
Researchers at Disney Research Zurich and the University of Zaragoza have developed a method to capture an individual's hairstyle in 3D-printed figurines, improving realism and individuality. The system uses color images to compute coarse geometry and stylize hair while preserving defining features.
Researchers found that excess uric acid can disrupt normal metabolism, leading to the development of metabolic syndrome. A new study suggests that diet and fructose consumption may contribute to high uric acid levels, which can cause inflammation and oxidative stress in the body.
Researchers have developed a new tool to synchronize multiple video clips based on the visual content of the videos. This makes it easier to align clips without relying on timecodes or external markers. The method can be used for various applications, including movie production and visual effects.
Researchers at Disney Research Zurich have developed an algorithm that can optimize the mass distribution within objects to enable a stable spin around a desired axis, applicable to various shapes and materials. The approach has potential applications beyond customized designs for spinning toys.
Research identifies RAS oncogene involvement in DS-ALL cases, highlighting genetic insights into leukemia risk in children with Down syndrome. Geneticists sequenced exomes of affected individuals, shedding light on disease characteristics.
Researchers at Disney Research Pittsburgh established a library of 40 feel effects matched to descriptions that designers can understand. The study aimed to provide a common vocabulary for designing haptic feedback experiences.
A new study by Chinese and American conservation biologists quantifies China's recent economic growth on its coastal ecosystems. The research shows that after reforms declared in 1978, many human economic activities with deleterious environmental impacts increased markedly.
Researchers found that improving lymphatic function can prevent the development of both chronic and acute inflammatory bowel disease in mice. Silvio Danese and colleagues discovered that administering VEGF-C prior to the onset of IBD relieved symptoms, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits for humans.
A UK study compared a new nerve repair technique, called a nerve allograft, to existing methods. The study found that the new technique produced more consistent results and better outcomes, while avoiding donor site morbidity.
Researchers discovered microbial communities within oil droplets, degrading oil and reducing its quality. This finding could pave the way for new approaches to clean up contaminated groundwater.
A study published in PSPB found that racial minority groups approach diversity differently, with African Americans prioritizing in-group representation and Asian Americans considering national statistics on discrimination. Understanding these differences is crucial for creating diverse teams and organizations.
A new study published in Scientific Reports reveals that non-canonical microRNA binding is widespread, targeting both protein-coding genes and non-coding RNAs. This suggests a more complex role for microRNAs in regulating gene abundance levels.
A recent study in the Journal of Clinical Investigation found that an individual's genotype correlates with their ability to develop immunity to HIV in response to vaccination. Researchers identified single nucleotide variations in genes involved in antibody production, which were associated with protection against HIV infection.
Distracted teen driving is a significant concern, with parents playing a direct role in the problem. According to a new study, more than half of teens talk on cellphones with their parents while driving, despite warnings about the hazards of distracted driving.
Ashley Anh Vo, a transplant pharmacist at Cedars-Sinai, received the 2014 Clinician of Distinction award for her work on anti-rejection drugs. Her research identified IVIG as an effective therapy to reduce HLA antibody levels and prolong patient survival.
Paul Chu and Venkat Selvamanickam are recognized for their sustained service and significant contributions to applied superconductor materials technology. The awards acknowledge their work in advancing high-temperature superconductivity, with applications in commercialization.
A recent study by Hayley Cleary found that few juvenile suspects are aware of their constitutional rights during interrogations, with parents largely absent and lawyers rarely present. This raises concerns about due process and the vulnerability of adolescents to coercive interrogation tactics.
Kessler Foundation researchers confirm that cognitive rehabilitation in MS maintains patterns of increased cerebral activation correlated with learning six months after memory retraining. The study's results support the long-term effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation in individuals with cognitive impairment caused by MS.
Research at the University of Michigan found that lead exposure in mouse mothers is associated with increased weight and obesity in male offspring, as well as impaired insulin response. The study suggests that toxicant exposures during pregnancy can contribute to the obesity epidemic.
A pilot study using stem cells extracted from patients' bone marrow shows promising results in treating acute stroke. The therapy was found to be safe and improved clinical measures of disability in all five patients.
Researchers developed tools for designing mechanisms that achieve desired cyclical motion in planar mechanical characters and linkage-based sculptures. The systems enable casual users to create animated characters using 3D printing techniques, making it possible to bring creations to life.
The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston has received over $6 million to develop experimental drugs against Ebola and Marburg viruses. The research aims to understand how these viruses disable the immune system and create effective treatments for patients infected with filoviruses.
The new interactive tool allows designers to create intricate shapes by sketching the structure's shape and seam placement, generating patterns for flat panels that assume the desired shape when inflated. The system is validated with seven varied shapes, including an elephant and a flower, and demonstrates efficient design capabilities.
A new study by Washington University in St. Louis found that students who were told they would later teach a passage performed better on recall and organization tasks than those expecting a test. The study suggests that instilling an expectation to teach may be a simple, inexpensive intervention with the potential to increase learning ...
Researchers directly observe free-electron Landau states for the first time, revealing complex rotational dynamics that differ from classical predictions. The findings suggest that electron behavior in magnetic fields is more intricate than previously thought.
Researchers at Duke University have successfully used CRISPR gene-editing to target and destroy two HPV genes responsible for cervical cancer cell growth. By hijacking the bacterial defense system, they were able to selectively kill cancer cells while leaving normal cells intact.
A field experiment in the North Sea provides insight into the fate of oil during the immediate aftermath of an accidental oil spill. Researchers found that a fraction of the oil immediately evaporates into the air or dissolves into seawater, posing threats to aquatic species and rescue workers.
A new study by Northwestern University finds that office workers with natural light exposure have longer sleep duration, better sleep quality, more physical activity, and improved quality of life. The study suggests that architects should prioritize natural daylight exposure in office environments to boost employee health.
A CU Denver study found that compact city designs with many intersections are healthier, promoting more walking and biking. The research discovered a correlation between wider streets and increased obesity and diabetes rates.
A study by Helmholtz Munich found that individuals with high workplace stress and low control have a 45% higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The researchers analyzed data from over 5,300 employed individuals and identified the link independently of classic risk factors.
Scientists have found that ancient El Niño cycles were as strong and frequent 10,000 years ago as they are today. The new record, based on analysis of 25-foot piles of shells, contradicts a widely held interpretation of past climate, suggesting that current understanding of the El Niño system is incomplete.
Research by Nina Kraus and Margaret Martin finds that musical training improves neural function, learning abilities, and communication skills in low-income youth. The study shows that music programs can help close the academic gap between affluent and disadvantaged students.