New research by Michigan State University scholars suggests that women applying for jobs in male-dominated fields should emphasize masculine traits, such as assertiveness and independence, to be seen as a better fit. This approach is seen as an effective strategy to counteract bias in the hiring process.
Research suggests climate change could reduce the size of extreme low-oxygen waters in the ocean. As trade winds weaken, nutrient-rich water percolates up from the deep sea, supporting marine life and oxygen levels.
Cancer cells that break away from tumors can prefer soft environments for growth and proliferation, researchers at the University of Illinois found. The study suggests that this preference may explain why soft tissues are more vulnerable to cancer metastasis and recurrence.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed regulatory definitions and a list of 49 low-risk biofuel plants to prevent invasive species. The 'white list' offers producers clearly identified options, reducing conflicts between renewable fuel production and environmental concerns.
Researchers have developed a new technique to measure insulin levels in fruit flies with high sensitivity and reproducibility. This breakthrough is expected to transform the field of diabetes research by bringing the power of fruit fly genetics to bear on the devastating condition, enabling rapid testing of diabetes risk factors.
Researchers found that wild sheep with higher tolerance to nematode infection produced more offspring, while those with lower tolerance left fewer descendants. The study provides groundwork for boosting human and livestock resilience to infection.
Researchers have uncovered a new gene fusion that may contribute to the development of luminal B breast cancer, a subtype associated with more aggressive forms and higher recurrence rates. The study found that this fusion is present in approximately 8% of tumor samples and can lead to increased cell motility and invasion.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London have uncovered the behavior of stem cells in the human bowel for the first time. They found that within a healthy bowel, only a certain number of stem cells can exist within one area at a time, and increased competition for survival is seen in early tumours.
Researchers developed a way to coax flat sheets of composite materials into complex robots that crawl and turn. The new approach allows for rapid assembly, scalability, and high strength-to-weight ratio, making it ideal for mass production and diverse applications.
Researchers have identified two groups of ancient bacteria as the source of a critical amino acid pathway used by plants to create essential compounds. This breakthrough sheds light on the complex evolution of plant chemical pathways and may lead to increased production of valuable nutrients and medicinal compounds.
A Purdue University study reveals that blocking Notch signaling in fat cells can transform white fat into a healthier beige fat type, potentially reducing obesity and related health issues. The research also found that suppressing Notch signaling improves glucose balance and insulin sensitivity.
The LSU Health Sciences Center New Orleans has received a $5.6 million NCI grant to build a regional cancer clinical trials network, focusing on minority and underserved patients who die at higher rates from cancer. The program aims to provide access to state-of-the-art treatments and create jobs in the biomedical workforce.
Researchers at UTHealth Medical School have found misfolded prion proteins in the urine of 13 out of 14 patients with variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, providing a new potential diagnostic tool. This breakthrough could lead to the development of non-invasive tests for diagnosis and monitoring.
Researchers discovered active microbes in tiny droplets of water, revealing diverse bacteria and archaea. These microorganisms also degrade oil in asphalt, suggesting a similar process could be used to clean up oil spills.
Research found that cognitive decline before a stroke increases the risk of stroke five-fold in African-Americans, while slower brain function is linked to higher chances of stroke and death. Examining mental health may help prevent future strokes in older adults.
Researchers at MIT and Harvard University have created an origami robot that can fold itself into arbitrary shapes, crawl away, and perform active folding structures. The robot's mechanical design enables it to walk using a synchronized motor system.
Researchers have developed a method to grow human GI cells from patient tissue in as little as two weeks, creating over 65 cell lines. This breakthrough enables the study of individual patients' underlying problems and can be used to test new treatments.
A new study by the American Cancer Society found that eating at both fast-food and full-service restaurants is associated with significant increases in calorie intake, sugar, saturated fat, and sodium. Adults who ate at restaurants consumed approximately 200 additional calories per day, regardless of whether they dined at fast-food or ...
A University of Michigan study reveals that over half of US hospitals missed the electronic health record deadline, potentially leading to significant financial penalties. The study found that rural and small hospitals are lagging behind in adopting digital medical records.
Researchers at A*STAR's Institute of Medical Biology have identified a biomarker, Lgr5, to detect ovarian cancer earlier. Bioinformatics analysis has also revealed genes whose mutation status can be used for prognosis and development of personalized treatment.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have designed a new programming language called Wyvern that allows programmers to use targeted domain-specific languages within the same program. This approach protects against code injection attacks by identifying the type of data being manipulated and using corresponding sublanguages.
A new nasal spray application of anti-opioid drug naloxone has been developed to make overdose treatment more accessible and easier to administer. The product, which is currently in clinical trials, aims to reduce the death toll from heroin abuse and make a lifesaving treatment more available to those at high risk.
Researchers have completed the largest cancer genetic analysis ever conducted, revealing a new way of classifying cancers. The study found that one in 10 cancers would be classified differently using this new approach, which could lead to better treatment options for patients.
Physicists and materials scientists are using origami-based folding methods to create controllable new materials that exhibit desired physical properties. The technique, known as Miura-ori, allows for the creation of programmable metamaterials with tunable stiffness and stability.
A study at the University of Adelaide found that certain areas of the brain remain protected from aging, enabling spatial attention skills to remain consistent across ages. The research challenges current models of cognitive aging and may have implications for understanding Alzheimer's disease.
A study published in Environmental Research Letters found that a commonly used anxiety drug can reduce mortality rates in fish. The results suggest that existing aquatic risk assessment tests may not be effective in detecting the potential benefits of pharmaceutical contaminants.
Beverly Daniel Tatum, PhD, received the American Psychological Association's Award for Outstanding Lifetime Contribution to Psychology for her groundbreaking work on race relations. She has also led Spelman College to become one of the nation's top liberal arts colleges.
Researchers at Cardiff University have identified a specific gene, Ligase 3, that human cells require to survive chromosomal defects and evade death. This discovery has significant implications for understanding the development of cancer and could lead to new therapeutic targets.
Researchers have dated the final addition of heavy elements like gold and platinum to the solar system 100 million years before the sun's birth. This discovery has shed light on the sun's prehistory, including the duration of an 'incubation' period that preceded its formation.
Researchers explore the link between gut microbiome and autoimmune disorders like multiple sclerosis, highlighting potential therapeutic targets. The study suggests that the gut microbiome plays a crucial role in immune cell activity and cytokine production, which may impact susceptibility to and treatment of autoimmune diseases.
Typhoon Halong is expected to make landfall in southern Japan on August 9 with maximum sustained winds near 85 knots, generating dangerous swells. The storm has already passed over the Minamidaito and Kitadaito Islands with hurricane-force winds.
Researchers at Duke University discovered that the host determines which genes are open in the gut, while microbes regulate their usage, indicating a cooperative environment where both parties interact to thrive. This study has significant implications for understanding the intricate relationships between hosts and microbiomes.
Hurricane Iselle is expected to bring heavy rains, high surf, and damaging winds to Hawaii. Rainfall totals of 5-12 inches are predicted along its track, with storm surge up to 3 feet expected on the Big Island.
Researchers found that gut microbiome analysis successfully distinguished healthy individuals from those with precancerous adenomatous polyps and invasive colorectal cancer. The composition of the gut microbiome was different for each group, leading to improved prediction of colorectal cancer presence.
Researchers at University of California, San Diego School of Medicine and Veteran's Affairs San Diego Healthcare System report that neurons derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) extended tens of thousands of axons across the rats' central nervous system. The study suggests a promising approach for treating spinal cor...
Research by Prof. Peter W. Baas highlights the importance of microtubules in facilitating nerve regeneration following injury. The study demonstrates that microtubule-based strategies can promote axonal growth and regeneration, particularly in the distal tip of the axon.
Research reveals Salmonella Typhi uses Vi capsular polysaccharide to evade neutrophil recognition, allowing it to disseminate throughout the body. The 'cloaking device' makes S. Typhi practically invisible to neutrophils.
Scientists propose a new quantum computer architecture based on microscopic defects in diamond, which could lead to the development of reliable quantum computers. The architecture has great potential for miniaturization and mass production, similar to how transistors were miniaturized in classical computer science.
Researchers at TUM are developing an artificial retina made of graphene, which converts light into electrical impulses for the brain. The material's excellent biocompatibility and electronic properties provide a promising solution to existing retina implants.
A consortium of Missouri universities and research institutions will examine how climate change affects agriculture in the state. Researchers will focus on plant stress, soil changes, and regional weather patterns.
A Curtin University study of a WA meteorite has shed light on the solar system's bombardment history, revealing that asteroid collisions ceased after 3.4 billion years ago due to asteroids being too small or protected by regolith. The research suggests that impacts stopped occurring after this period and remain unchanged until now.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have found that individuals with depression and mild cognitive impairment after age 65 are more likely to experience accelerated brain aging. This accelerated process increases their risk of developing dementia.
Researchers at the University of Warwick found that white dwarf stars crashing into neutron stars could be responsible for the loneliest supernovae. The team used observations from the Very Large Telescope and Hubble Space Telescope to rule out other explanations, such as binary systems or massive stars.
The American Gastroenterological Association has awarded seven high school students with grants to support their research projects on digestive diseases. The students will receive up to $2,500 each to conduct research for at least 10 weeks.
A Roundtable Discussion explores the application of novel toxicology models to predict adverse health effects and environmental exposures. The discussion covers human cell models, high-throughput screening methods, and three-dimensional tissue culture models.
A new nomogram tool uses 11 questions to accurately calculate the probability of developing another symptomatic kidney stone at various time points. The tool helps determine whether preventive measures are needed, and can help patients avoid burdensome dietary restrictions or medications.
Researchers discovered that the Notch signaling pathway is involved in adult fear memory formation. MicroRNAs, specifically miRNA-34a, regulate the pathway and are increased after fear learning occurs. This study provides a starting point for developing new treatments against PTSD.
Researchers found mutations in the CTR9 gene in six children with Wilms tumour, a common kidney cancer in kids, and discovered that malfunctioning PAF1 complex is likely to cause cancer. The study's findings offer hope for improved treatments and screening for affected families.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Medicine found that higher caffeine intake is associated with a lower incidence of tinnitus in younger and middle-aged women. Researchers tracked over 65,000 women for 18 years and discovered a significant inverse association between caffeine consumption and reported tinnitus cases.
Dozens of fires burn in the Northwest Territories, producing massive amounts of smoke that have drifted over the Labrador Sea. The smoke carries hazardous particles and chemicals, posing health risks to vulnerable populations.
A new study published in the American Educational Research Journal found that attending a more selective college does not significantly impact a student's chance of graduating with a bachelor's degree. Instead, factors such as individual background characteristics and institutional resources like tuition play a crucial role in determin...
Researchers analyzed over 3500 tumors using multiple genomic platforms, revealing that cancers are more likely to be molecularly and genetically similar based on their cell type. The study proposes a new classification system that could lead to personalized cancer treatment and eligibility for novel therapeutics.
A new species of frog was discovered in Malaysian swampland, genetically distinct from its doppelganger on Siberut Island. Genetic analysis using Next Generation Sequencing confirmed the separation, making it a unique finding in herpetology.
A new disposable biosensor may help physicians determine which patients can safely be fed following surgery by monitoring intestinal movements. The device, AbStats, uses sound waves to measure the rate of acoustic events in the intestines, allowing doctors to make evidence-based decisions about post-operative feeding.
A 10-year study of astronauts' sleep monitoring reveals widespread sleep deficiency and medication use in space. The research highlights the need for more effective countermeasures to promote adequate sleep and optimize human performance during space flights.
Researchers found that internet activity significantly influences Bitcoin's value, with correlations between price developments, new user growth, and online searches. The study also identified two positive feedback loops and a negative feedback loop, highlighting the complex dynamics of the Bitcoin economy.
A new study from Dartmouth College suggests that climate warming can affect the success of invasive species in different ways. The research found that warmer temperatures can favor non-native crustacean zooplankton by increasing their growth rate and making them less vulnerable to predators.
Researchers have identified a specific gene required for human cells to survive chromosomal defects that occur as cells divide over time. The discovery sheds light on the mechanisms behind cancer cell survival and holds promise for developing new treatments.
Researchers at Empa successfully synthesized structurally homogenous single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) by using molecular 'seeds' that were transformed into three-dimensional objects and grown on a platinum surface. The resulting SWCNTs have mirror-image symmetry and reach lengths in excess of 300 nanometres.
New research finds that weight loss significantly improves physical health markers but is less effective in improving mood and overall wellbeing. Participants who lost at least 5% of their initial body weight were more likely to report depressed mood, even after adjusting for serious health issues.
A team of engineers developed a robot that assembles itself into a complex shape in four minutes flat and crawls away without human intervention. The robot uses an origami-inspired approach to fold itself up, with the potential for exotic applications such as space-based robotic satellites.
A new peer-reviewed paper by the Wildlife Conservation Society suggests that all ivory markets must be closed to conserve Africa's elephant populations. The paper argues that corruption and organized crime make legal trade in ivory a major factor contributing to the decline of elephants.
Habits emerge through associative learning, involving automatic behaviors in stable contexts. Changing habits requires derailing existing habits, repetition, and stable context cues.
A new study by Kelly Cowart reveals that companies' religious affiliations can buffer against negative reactions to store policies, especially in the event of a service failure. The research found that customers are more likely to forgive firms with religious affiliations, regardless of their own attitudes towards the religion.
Frequent exposure to traumatic images by news organizations' UGC content processing staff increases anxiety, depression, PTSD, and alcohol consumption among journalists. A study shows that reducing image frequency may be a way for news organizations to offset these risks.
Critically ill infants in the NICU can greatly benefit from human milk, which offers essential immunological and anti-inflammatory properties. This is supported by research and best practices outlined in a special issue of Advances in Neonatal Care, led by CHOP nurse researcher Diane L. Spatz.
Six new research projects will use technology, data, and information to create better energy strategies and behaviors in public and private non-domestic buildings. The projects aim to reduce UK carbon emissions from such buildings by 18% and final energy consumption by 13%.
Researchers found that brief acute psychological stress promotes healing in mouse models of three different types of skin irritations. The study revealed that the anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids produced by the adrenal glands under stress are beneficial for inflammatory disorders and acute injury in both mice and humans.
Researchers at Cornell University discovered a way to control the stiffness of a sheet material using an origami folding pattern called Miura-ori. By introducing pop-through defects, they can program the material's properties, creating a programmable matter that can snap into place and perform mechanical functions.
Small molecule SMN2 splicing modifiers effectively prevent deficits in SMA mouse models by increasing SMN protein production. The treatment also improves life span and normalizes body weight.
The study found that high doses of Notch-1 signaling pathway inhibitor prolonged the survival of PC12 cells after Aβ25-35 induction, decreasing apoptosis-related proteins and increasing antioxidant enzyme activity. The results suggest a protective effect against amyloid beta-peptide-induced cell death.
Researchers analyzed microbial communities from sandy tidal flats, finding three key factors controlling denitrification and ammonification: nitrite to nitrate ratio, carbon to nitrogen ratio, and generation time. The study's findings shed light on the complex interactions between microbes and their environment.
Researchers at Mount Sinai School of Medicine developed an effective treatment for the rare disorder, which causes continuous feelings of swaying or rocking. The treatment re-adapts the vestibulo-ocular reflex, a mechanism in the inner ear that maintains balance, and achieves significant recovery rates in patients.
Two studies found that older adults with poor hearing participate less in group activities and meet friends fewer often than those with good hearing. The researchers emphasize the importance of face-to-face conversation to facilitate lip-reading and suggest rehabilitation as a key strategy for supporting socially active lives.
Scientists at Montana State University have developed a detailed blueprint of a bacterial surveillance complex that detects and destroys viruses. The discovery could lead to new innovations in medicine, biotechnology, and agriculture, as CRISPR-associated machines are being repurposed for precision DNA editing.
Researchers successfully grafted human induced pluripotent stem cells into rats with spinal cord injuries, causing the formation of mature neurons and extensive nerve fiber growth across long distances. However, functional recovery was not restored due to scar tissue blocking beneficial effects.
A study by financial economics experts at Rice University found that stock prices of companies using the same lead underwriter during equity offerings tend to move together. The magnitude of this effect is similar to co-movement linked to share price, industry, or geography.
Researchers found that ocean oxygen increased from 1950 to 1990, contrary to conventional wisdom, due to weaker trade winds. Now, climate change may cause the tropical anoxic zone to shrink as trade wind speed decreases.
A study published by University of Notre Dame scientists estimates that bighead and silver carp biomass in Lake Erie could be up to 25 metric-tons/km2, potentially increasing Yellow perch biomass by 15-50% but decreasing Walleye biomass by 10-40%. The experts emphasize the importance of considering uncertainty in decision-making.
Professor Jian Luo at UC San Diego is developing a new materials design tool called interfacial phase diagrams to create better structural materials for energy generation and storage. This basic research aims to improve the properties of materials, such as molybdenum-based alloys and zirconia-based ceramics.
Researchers developed a powerful new tool to identify genetic changes in disease-causing bacteria that drive antibiotic resistance. The technique, called genome-wide association study (GWAS), has the potential to inform control and treatment strategies for diseases like pneumonia and meningitis.
New research by the University of Southampton suggests that air traffic growth rates will surpass carbon reduction efforts unless demand is substantially reduced. To achieve emission reductions, ticket prices must rise by at least 1.4% annually.
Caregivers of Boston Marathon bombing victims struggled with guilt, anxiety, and isolation in the aftermath. Eight confidential Schwartz Center Rounds sessions helped them process emotions and cope with trauma.
A new study analyzing over 3,500 tumor samples reveals that many cancers can be classified differently based on cellular and molecular criteria. The research suggests that patients may benefit from more accurate diagnoses and tailored treatments, with potential implications for personalized cancer therapy.
Super Typhoon Genevieve rapidly intensified into a Category 5 storm after crossing the International Dateline. The NASA-NOAA Suomi NPP satellite captured infrared images of the storm, revealing a symmetrical structure with a clear eye and powerful thunderstorms.
NASA's Fermi and Aqua satellites captured two distinct views of Hurricane Julio as it intensified: a gamma-ray flash produced by the powerful electric fields in thunderstorms, and a more structurally organized storm. These findings provide insights into the complex relationship between thunderstorms and hurricane dynamics.
A comprehensive analysis of data from thousands of patients revealed that one in ten cancers would be classified differently using a new classification system based on molecular subtypes. The study provides a more refined, quantitative picture of cancer subtypes and could lead to different treatment options for those patients.
A study published in The Lancet Neurology found that astronauts suffer from significant sleep deficiency during spaceflight, with average durations of less than six hours per night. This is despite NASA's scheduled 8.5 hours of sleep, and the build-up of sleep deficiency begins long before launch.
Research suggests that physically fit sixth-grade girls are less likely to report feeling depressed when they reach seventh grade. Fitness programs can help prevent depression in middle-schoolers, but schools should also use other interventions like therapy.