Scientists at Wayne State University are working to identify a chemical found in algae that may inhibit spawning in invasive zebra and quagga mussels. The research aims to develop an ecological-scale control strategy to disrupt reproduction and reduce mussel populations.
The KAIST team created a box-type pressure vessel with a lattice structure, which can efficiently store liquefied natural gas (LNG) without the need for multiple cylindrical tanks. This design reduces space utilization issues and lowers manufacturing costs by using special steel alloys.
Researchers have developed a new technique to generate large concentrations of skeletal muscle cells and muscle progenitors directly from human pluripotent stem cells. This method, described in Stem Cells Translational Medicine, uses growth factors to guide the stem cells towards a muscle fate, avoiding genetic modification.
Theories predicting particles smaller than the Higgs particle are now more likely due to a critical review. Researchers found no new weaknesses in these theories.
Researchers have successfully reprogrammed rat astrocytes into neurons using Mash1, a transcription factor. This method avoids malignant transformation and offers a promising therapeutic strategy for neural regeneration.
The Proband app allows healthcare providers to create digital genetic pedigrees on iPads, streamlining family history data collection and integration. The app's gesture-based interface and auto-alignment feature make it easy for clinicians to draw complex family diagrams, reducing errors and improving patient care.
A new antibacterial orthodontic cement containing dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (DMADDM) inhibits biofilm formation and reduces lactic acid production. The results show that the DMADDM-containing cement is promising for reducing demineralization in enamel around orthodontic brackets.
P&G Beauty presents several studies on new ingredient formulations and effective skin care routines, focusing on cellular bioenergetics, anti-aging technologies, and sensitive skin body wash efficacy. The company highlights breakthroughs in microdermabrasion systems, such as the Pro-X Olay Microdermabrasion system, which exfoliates eff...
A study of homeless and vulnerably housed individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) found they are more likely to visit emergency departments, be arrested or assaulted. The research highlights the importance of screening for TBI and providing support to manage behaviors after brain injuries.
Researchers have developed a method to predict pancreatic cancer from cysts in the pancreas, detecting mucus protein with 97% certainty. The approach minimizes unnecessary operations and may enable early detection of cancer.
Researchers at LSTM have discovered the combination of genetic mutations that enable mosquitoes to develop multiple and extreme-level resistance to insecticides. The study identifies two key genes, CYP6M2 and CYP6P3, which are highly expressed in resistant mosquitoes and can confer resistance across different classes of insecticides.
New research by USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center scientists suggests that elevated CTC counts after chemotherapy indicate a higher risk of death, while reduced CTCs cut the risk in half. This study demonstrates CTCs as an important biomarker for cancer research and treatment.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center have devised a new system for classifying periodontal disease based on the genetic signature of affected tissue. The new classification system may allow for earlier detection and more individualized treatment of severe periodontitis.
Glacial chronologies during MIS 3 differ throughout the Tibetan Plateau, with advances on both slopes of the Nyainqentanglha being synchronous but not synchronized with Northern Hemisphere ice sheet. The study suggests a possible linkage between these events and North Atlantic cooling.
Scientists create peptide mimetic that can be controlled by light, increasing antimicrobial effect and reducing side effects. The development opens new options for treating local bacterial infections and may lead to new agents against cancer.
The symposium explores the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of community water fluoridation, as well as assessments of fluoride ingestion risks. It aims to address knowledge gaps on fluorides and their impact on oral health.
A new study found that growing season gains from permafrost thaw are outweighed by increased winter respiration, leading to enhanced carbon losses. The research suggests that the Arctic's stored carbon could reach catastrophic levels within a century if permafrost continues to thaw.
Researchers from Purdue University and the University of Texas at Austin have conducted field trials to test four shallow-ground-improvement methods aimed at increasing structural resilience in soils prone to liquefaction. The results show that rapid impact compaction, rammed aggregate piers, low-mobility grouting, and double row of ho...
The sequencing of the loblolly pine genome has identified a candidate gene involved in resistance to fusiform rust, a devastating disease affecting southern pines. Researchers can use this gene as a marker to track resistance in breeding populations and inform tree planting decisions.
A study on southern African social spiders found that body size affects task assignment, with smaller spiders involved in web building and maintenance. The research also showed that colony 'personality' varies depending on individual spider traits, leading to cooperative breeding societies.
The study found that resin infiltration successfully stabilized early non-cavitated lesions in a small population with high caries-activity. Continuing follow-up may further confirm its efficacy.
The Milieu Interieur Project characterizes healthy human immune responses using TruCulture technology, a proprietary blood collection system. The study reveals unique patterns of immune responses to complex stimuli, shedding light on genetic and environmental causes of immune variations.
The James Webb Space Telescope features a primary mirror composed of 18 smaller lightweight mirror segments, each with precise actuators to align and shape the mirror. The segments are designed to work together as one giant mirror, capturing light from distant galaxies and stars in space.
Antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative superbugs are on the rise in US children, particularly those aged 1-5 years old. The prevalence of these bacteria increased from 0.28% to 0.92% between 1999 and 2011.
A team of researchers from South Korea has developed a novel technique to authenticate goods by creating unique patterns made from tiny, randomly scattered silver nanowires. The 'fingerprints' are almost impossible to replicate due to their natural randomness and difficulty in manipulating the tiny materials.
Researchers discovered horn-like structures on milkweed pollinia sacs, believed to prevent entanglement with rival plant pollinia. These findings suggest that physical contact can influence mating success and promote the evolution of defensive and attack weaponry in plants.
A new study suggests that Medicaid expansion among low-income nonelderly adults can help prevent kidney failure and improve access to kidney disease care. States with broader Medicaid coverage have lower incidences of kidney failure and smaller insurance-related gaps in access to kidney disease care.
A study published in PLOS Genetics found that the DUF1220 gene family is linked to the severity of autism symptoms. The research suggests that increasing copies of this gene segment may be associated with more severe symptoms, particularly social deficits, communicative impairments, and repetitive behaviors.
A recent study found that high sodium intake in teenagers can lead to faster cell aging, with overweight and obese teens showing the most significant effects. Researchers analyzed data from 766 people aged 14-18 and discovered that those who consumed more salt had shorter telomeres, which protect chromosomes from damage.
Researchers used a supercomputer and geometric signatures to visualize why objects jam when compressed, capturing fundamental insights about the jamming process. The study has potential applications for preventing factory congestion, separating oil deposits, and efficient data transfer on the Internet.
Researchers have discovered a genetic variant linked to an increased risk of stroke and cardiovascular disease. The study found that variants in the FOCM pathway, which regulates homocysteine metabolism, are associated with differences in methionine processing, highlighting potential new targets for disease prevention and treatment.
A team of researchers at the Technical University of Munich has identified a receptor that limits the immune response to uric acid crystals, preventing overreaction and damaging healthy tissue. The discovery sheds light on the fundamental mechanism by which the immune system recognizes crystalline structures.
Researchers discovered that cells respond to rhythmic biological signals by counting the number of cycles, not their strength or duration. This mechanism, found in single-celled organisms, synchronizes changes in cell fate and may explain patterns in developing embryos and snail learning.
Researchers have developed controllable chemical compounds that can deliver protective effects of toxic hydrogen sulfide gas, reducing heart attack injury by up to 70%. The technology aims to unlock the gas's therapeutic potential in treating conditions like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease.
A Cornell University neuroscientist's study finds that human facial expressions arose from universal, adaptive reactions to environmental stimuli. The findings suggest that emotional responses influence vision at the earliest moments of visual encoding, leading to contrasting eye movements that filter our reality.
A study by researchers from Huntsman Cancer Institute found that about 6 percent of colorectal cancers are missed during colonoscopies, particularly in patients over 65 and those with a family history of the disease. The cancers may develop rapidly after the procedure or be overlooked due to factors like polyp size or location.
Scientists are developing drugs that target the bacteria Wolbachia to kill parasitic worms causing river blindness and elephantiasis. The new treatment has already shown promise in depleting Wolbachia from infected worms.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have discovered a new mechanism to kill glioblastoma cells using Vacquinol-1, which causes uncontrolled vacuolization leading to cell explosion and necrosis. This approach may lead to new cancer treatments, potentially working for other cancer diseases.
Researchers at Uppsala University discovered a new type of cell communication that suppresses blood vessel formation and delays tumour growth. Fluctuating levels of the molecule NRP1 can inhibit VEGF signals, leading to delayed tumour growth and potentially complete inhibition if trans communication occurs early in tumour development.
Researchers at Princeton University found that male fruit flies adjust the pitch and tempo of their mating song based on the movement and behavior of their desired female. The study provides insights into how organisms make rapid decisions in response to changing environments, a concept relevant to understanding human brain function.
The European Menopause and Andropause Society (EMAS) has published a position statement on menopause for medical students, emphasizing the importance of managing postmenopausal health. The statement provides guidance on stages of reproductive aging, menopause terminology, and treatment options, including menopausal hormone therapy and ...
New research by Jane L. Risen of the University of Chicago Booth School of Business shows that people are more likely to deny the persistence of racism after being exposed to a successful African American. Thoughtful individuals are particularly vulnerable to making quick inferences about racial disparity.
Researchers from University of Waterloo and Harvard discover pseudogap phase's quantum states, which could unlock room-temperature superconductors. The findings address a crucial unsolved problem in theoretical condensed matter physics.
Researchers discovered that ancient clam gardens made by Aboriginal people produced quadruple the number of butter clams and twice the number of littleneck clams as unmodified clam beaches. This study provides practical insights into sustainable ancient marine management techniques for local food security strategies.
Richard Tapia, a mathematician and mentor, is the 2014 recipient of the Vannevar Bush Award. He has increased opportunities for underrepresented minorities in science and mathematics through his work at Rice University. Tapia's efforts have led to significant progress in producing women and minority Ph.D.s in mathematical sciences.
Researchers found a significant link between exposure to inhaled particulate matter at Ground Zero and the development of obstructive sleep apnea and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in first responders. The study also showed that those with PTSD had higher levels of inflammation, increasing their risk for cardiovascular disease.
A new study found that CDK4 inhibitors may promote the development and progression of certain B-cell lymphomas driven by the MYC oncogene. Inhibiting CDK4 leads to genetic instability and genomic alterations associated with cancer growth.
Researchers suggest that far-flung genome mutations could activate cancer-causing genes by disrupting enhancer function. The study found that MLL family proteins play a crucial role in regulating gene expression at enhancers, and that mutations in these proteins can promote oncogenesis.
A study of 181 children with obesity aged eight to 17 years old found that up to a third could be classified as 'metabolically healthy,' meaning they're not at risk of developing insulin resistance or other obesity-related diseases. Lifestyle behaviors such as physical activity and diet played a crucial role in their health status.
A new analysis reveals the scope of by-catch in various regions, with high rates found in the eastern Pacific, Mediterranean, southwest Atlantic, and Southern Indian oceans. The study emphasizes the importance of community engagement and data-driven approaches to mitigate by-catch, particularly in less-regulated small-scale fisheries.
Researchers have shown that tensile strain can lift topological order and compressive strain can shift the Dirac point in Bi2Se3 films, enhancing or destroying Dirac states. This breakthrough suggests new ways to control TI electronic properties by applying stress.
The TRMM satellite has been monitoring the persistent remnants of Tropical Cyclone Gillian since its formation in March 2014. The storm's coherent remnants have moved westward over 2,700 km and are re-organizing in the Southern Indian Ocean.
Researchers from SISSA and ICTP developed a model simulating collective behavior of groups, finding the number of informed individuals, sociality, and decision strength as critical variables. The study suggests that even minimal fluctuations in these variables can lead to catastrophic changes.
A clinical study led by Heidelberg University Hospital's Neurology and Neurosurgery found that hemicraniectomy significantly improves survival rates in elderly patients after a major stroke. The procedure reduces mortality from 70% to 33% but also results in nearly 30% of patients being very severely disabled.
Researchers found that even with large doses of bacteria, sepsis often starts with just one bacterium. The immune system efficiently clears most bacteria, but sometimes a single founder bacterium survives and multiplies to cause disease. Macrophages play a key role in this process.
A new study from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln explores the connection between ideology, social capital, and health. The research found that states with high levels of liberalism and social trust have higher levels of health and well-being, suggesting that strong communities play a crucial role in promoting good health.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago have developed a computerized treadmill program to prevent falls in older adults. Studies show that people can be trained not to fall, with adaptations retained for up to 12 months. The training is safe even for those with reduced bone density or osteoporosis.
A Stanford University study finds that wind farms can afford lots of grid-scale storage to support up to three days of uninterrupted power. In contrast, the solar industry can only afford about 24 hours of energy storage due to the high energy required for manufacturing solar panels.
Scientists at Northwestern University have discovered that cancer cells rely on the FAS receptor and its binding component for survival, making them vulnerable to elimination. The team created a cancer cell completely devoid of CD95, which resulted in DNA damage and cell death, offering a promising new approach to kill cancer cells.
Scientists from the University of Chicago discovered that DNA variants in SCN10A regulate SCN5A expression, suggesting a primary role for SCN5A in cardiac arrhythmia risk. The study highlights the importance of evaluating functional targets of genome-wide association study hits to avoid costly implications.