A new Harvard study reveals that limiting saturated fat in the diet is still effective in reducing heart disease risk, but only when replaced with unsaturated fats or whole grains. In contrast, swapping saturated fat for refined carbohydrates has no significant impact on CHD risk.
The National Cancer Institute has awarded BIDMC a five-year, $11.3 million grant renewal to continue its leadership in a multi-center kidney cancer research consortium. This funding will support four research projects focused on targeting critical molecular pathways and developing effective treatment combinations.
Physicians should use validated clinical prediction rules to estimate pre-test probability of PE. In low-risk patients, D-dimer testing can provide additional risk stratification. Imaging is indicated for high-risk patients or those with a high clinical presentation. Age-adjusted D-dimer thresholds can help determine imaging necessity.
Researchers found that lung transplant patients living on or near busy roads with high levels of air pollution are more likely to die or experience chronic organ rejection compared to those in less polluted areas. Taking macrolides, a class of antibiotics, may protect against the devastating effects of air pollution.
A University of Wisconsin-Madison study found that extreme temperatures affect urban heat islands more intensely than their nonurban surroundings. This can lead to uncomfortable summers, increased health risks, and higher energy bills for city-dwellers. Climate change projections indicate that cities will be especially vulnerable to th...
A new study by Florida Atlantic University researchers found that early maturing girls who receive inadequate parental supervision are more likely to develop problem drinking behaviors. The study revealed a significant association between parental autonomy granting and increased alcohol abuse among early maturing girls.
Researchers found that designing wings with flexibility near the front and rigidity at the back maximizes thrust and performance. This approach generates 36% more thrust than constant flexibility throughout the wing.
A new study found increased awareness of reconstructive breast surgery options after Angelina Jolie's decision to undergo a double mastectomy and subsequent reconstruction. The study indicates that media coverage can improve public knowledge about health topics.
A recent study reveals that offshore wind farms could be more risky for gannets than previously believed, with the birds' feeding grounds overlapping extensively with planned wind farm sites. The researchers estimate that up to 1,500 breeding birds could be killed each year at two planned wind farms.
USF researchers received over $1.2 million in federal grants from NOAA to develop new technologies for predicting and identifying red tide. The research aims to improve forecasting capabilities, mitigate the effects of harmful algal blooms, and protect public health and marine life in the Gulf of Mexico.
Tropical Storm Niala has weakened to a tropical depression, with maximum sustained winds near 35 mph. The storm is expected to continue moving west-southwest towards Hawaii, with additional weakening forecasted over the next couple of days.
A study of 129 children born after prenatal exposure to cancer treatment found normal mental and heart function, contradicting fears that chemotherapy would harm fetal development. However, premature birth was more frequent among these children than in the general population, suggesting avoiding prematurity is key.
Researchers found evidence of carbonaceous aerosols transported from Asia, deposited in the Arctic over 450 years. They also discovered increased dust levels during warmer periods with strong Arctic Oscillation.
A new study finds that warmer Antarctic soils support a higher diversity of fungi, with potential for increased nutrient turnover and productivity. This could be due to improved access to water, enhancing fungal metabolism and activity.
A major clinical trial reports that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is safe and may improve survival chances in women with epithelial ovarian cancer. The study followed 150 women with the common type of ovarian cancer and found that HRT did not reduce overall survival, but rather increased it.
A new study from the University of Exeter solves a long-standing climate science mystery by explaining how changes in ocean circulation affect carbon storage. The researchers found that warmer water upwelling in the Southern Ocean helps store more CO2, contributing to glacial cycles.
Researchers use combined techniques to determine color of ancient bat species, finding they were both reddish-brown. The study uses fossilized melanin to infer color, showing a correlation between melanin shape and color.
A cognitive behavior therapy intervention was effective in reducing depression in heart failure patients, but failed to improve self-care and physical functioning. The study suggests that CBT may be a superior treatment option for depression in this population.
A UK Biobank study has identified genetic differences that affect lung health, including those who smoke and never smoked. The research may lead to improved treatments for diseases like COPD and help smokers quit.
Astrosat observes cosmic objects in visible light, ultraviolet waveband, and X-ray wavebands from very low to high energy. The satellite addresses fundamental scientific problems like testing Einstein's general theory of relativity and studying superdense cold matter.
NASA's RapidScat instrument tracked the waning winds of Tropical Storm Ida on September 25, 2015, pinpointing the strongest sustained winds in the southeastern quadrant. The storm eventually became a remnant low-pressure area, moving westward at 5 mph before dissipating.
A phase 3 clinical trial found that immunotherapy drug nivolumab improved overall survival and reduced toxicities compared to chemotherapy drug docetaxel for patients with non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer. The results suggest that nivolumab is a promising option for patients whose lung cancer progresses after initial treatment.
A study by Carlson School of Management and NYU Stern found that increased broadband availability led to a 20% rise in racial hate crimes committed by lone-wolf perpetrators. The Internet's impact on hate crime was predominantly present in areas with higher levels of racism.
Cancer patients with high cardiovascular hormone/peptide levels have a shorter survival rate, even without clinical signs of heart disease or infection. These biomarkers indicate heart tissue damage directly linked to cancer progression.
Researchers have defined three distinct types of severe asthma using biological data, enabling the development of tailored drugs and improved treatment. The study's findings aim to provide personalized medicine for severe asthma sufferers.
A new trial has shown that giving patients fewer but higher doses of radiotherapy is as effective in treating prostate cancer as longer treatment periods. The study found that this approach resulted in fewer side effects and reduced the need for hospital visits, potentially saving over 150,000 trips per year.
The soft skin modules use air-filled cavities to cushion collisions and provide pressure feedback for grasping delicate objects. The researchers successfully tested the modules on a disposable plastic cup, a roll of printer paper, and a piece of tofu, reducing peak forces by 32-52% and side impacts by 26-37%.
Researchers developed a single, self-contained medical device that can detect liver toxicity in 30 minutes, reducing current testing times to several days. The lab in a needle approach integrates sample preparation and analysis into one device, enabling doctors and patients to discuss treatment options immediately.
The NCI has renewed a five-year, $13 million grant to support joint research projects between San Diego State University and UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center. The partnership aims to address cancer health care disparities among Hispanic/Latinos in the region, with a focus on innovative research and community outreach.
Climate change may increase Antarctic soil fungal diversity by 25% by 2100, potentially aiding invasive species. The study, published in Nature Climate Change, found that rising temperatures are the primary factor determining soil fungal diversity in this region.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have discovered a class of compounds that can effectively treat chronic itch without inducing sedation. The new compounds target the kappa opioid receptor, which is associated with pain perception and stress responses.
Scientists have discovered a method to predict certain types of cardiac arrhythmias, allowing for potential prevention and improved heart health. The researchers used mathematical modeling to analyze the transition from normal to abnormal heartbeat patterns in embryonic chicken cells.
Replacing saturated fats with unsaturated fats and high-quality carbohydrates has the most impact on reducing the risk of heart disease, according to a new study. Participants who replaced calories from saturated fatty acids with calories from polyunsaturated fats, monounsaturated fats, or whole grains had lower risk of coronary heart ...
Researchers at CU Anschutz Medical Campus discovered that increasing Adiponectin during pregnancy can reduce the chances that the baby will become obese as well. This breakthrough could potentially break the cycle of obesity that has approached epidemic proportions in society.
A three-year lifestyle intervention improved preschoolers' knowledge, attitude, and habits towards healthy diet and exercise. The program reduced body fat and obesity in children, with the most significant impact seen in families with higher education and income levels.
A Brazilian study found that ADHD children and their mothers have shorter telomeres, a hallmark of cellular aging, associated with increased risk for chronic diseases like diabetes, obesity, and cancer. Hyperactivity symptoms were more related to telomere length than inattention symptoms.
A 45-year study found that persistent childhood stress is associated with a higher risk of heart disease and diabetes later in life. Childhood distress, even when conditions improve in adulthood, was also linked to increased cardiometabolic risk.
The University of Texas at El Paso has received a $2.1 million grant to develop an all-in-one 3D printer capable of printing industry-quality parts and assembling metals and electronics. The new printer will resolve current limitations by printing multiple materials simultaneously, reducing assembly time and costs.
A new article chronicles a transgender patient's experience in an American emergency department, highlighting issues such as humiliation and misgendering. The study emphasizes the importance of respect and dignity in treating transgender patients, with key takeaways including asking about preferred address and pronoun use.
Kolltan Pharmaceuticals presents substantial tumor shrinkage with KTN0158 in dogs with spontaneous mast cell tumors, with favorable results from non-clinical toxicology studies. The company plans to file an IND for the drug candidate in oncology this year.
A major new Commission reveals that over three-quarters of people with cancer worldwide have no access to safe surgery, with the global economy facing potential losses of over $6 trillion by 2030. The shortage is worst in low-income countries, where as many as 95% of people with cancer do not receive basic cancer surgery.
Researchers developed a real-time DNA sequencing test that can detect multiple pathogens, including Ebola, Chikungunya, and hepatitis C, using nanopore sequencing technology. The test can be used in scarce lab environments and provides rapid results, cutting the time required for diagnosis to just minutes.
A phase I trial of rovalpituzumab tesirine has shown promising results in treating small cell lung cancer, with 34% of patients experiencing a partial response and 31% experiencing disease stabilisation. The drug targets DLL3, a protein highly expressed in SCLCs.
The new guideline aims to standardize the management of iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in Canada, providing a practical approach for physicians. The guideline recommends anticoagulants for all patients with DVT, as well as clot removal and compression therapy for those at high risk of bleeding.
A study of 118 adults with autoimmune cerebellar ataxia found that nonparaneoplastic disorders, detection of PMP antibodies, and GAD 65 antibodies predicted better immunotherapy response and neurological outcomes. Among the patients, 45.8% showed physician-reported neurologic improvement.
New research emphasizes the importance of preserving large fish populations to maintain carbon cycling in blue carbon ecosystems. The loss of top predators can have serious environmental consequences, including reduced carbon storage in coastal wetlands.
Researchers investigate risk factors for children with sleep apnea, effects of excessive or inadequate sleep on injury risk, and National Institutes of Health funding trends. The studies aim to improve understanding and treatment of sleep disorders.
Plant scientists found that parasitic nematodes use a specialized hormone to feed from plants, allowing them to cause devastating agricultural pests. The discovery could lead to the development of crop plants with enhanced resistance to these pests.
A multicentre clinical trial found that adding an antipsychotic medication to treatment for depression in older adults significantly improves symptoms and reduces the risk of suicidal thoughts. The study showed a 44% remission rate for treatment-resistant patients, compared to 29% with a placebo.
Research reveals that hydrothermal vent systems convert long-lived organic carbon into more readily available forms, balancing the continuous supply from surface oceans. This mechanism addresses the long-standing question of why deep ocean dissolved organic carbon (DOC) levels remain constant.
The University of Maryland has been awarded $4.5 million to participate in the GROWTH network, which aims to improve understanding of cosmic transients. Undergraduates will analyze telescope data from the network using flipped learning environments and active-learning techniques.
Two studies reveal that the human brain's unique support system and connectivity are associated with higher levels of education, income, and life satisfaction. The research adds to our understanding of the human brain's parts list and enhances scientists' ability to model uniquely human disorders.
Researchers found that pre- and postnatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke increases the risk of behavioral disorders in primary school children. Emotional disorders, such as anxiety and depression, are particularly affected, with 21% of children showing signs of emotional disorder after ETS exposure.
A review of medical literature found that metformin use was associated with a small increase in height in children and adolescents with higher cumulative doses. However, the results were not significant for those with lower doses, indicating a potential need for longer-term studies to confirm these findings.
A new study from Mayo Clinic shows that simple conversation cards can dramatically improve patients' and clinicians' satisfaction with antidepressant discussions. The tool increased patients' comfort in making decisions by 5 points and their satisfaction likelihood by 2.4-fold, while also improving physicians' decision-making comfort a...
A new study by Oxford University researchers found a strong correspondence between positive lifestyle and behavior traits and specific variations in brain connectivity. Those with classically positive lifestyles had different brain connections to those with classically negative ones.
A new study from Aarhus University reveals that low birth weight is associated with low levels of social trust in adulthood, while high birth weight is linked to high levels of trust. The researchers suggest that factors linked to the embryonic stage, such as nutrition and environment, may play a role in shaping adult behavior.
A review in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery found no single technique superior to others for processing harvested fat cells. Studies show several viable methods, but more research is needed to compare outcomes and evaluate new techniques.
Researchers estimate that farmers in sub-Saharan Africa can obtain 20-30% of their potential yields with optimized management and resources. The Global Yield Gap and Water Productivity Atlas provides detailed information for major crops in countries such as Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, and others.
The Global Relay of Observatories Watching Transients Happen (GROWTH) project aims to improve understanding of cosmic transients by extending night-time observing hours. The network, supported by NSF's PIRE program, enables researchers to monitor rare events like neutron star mergers and heavy element synthesis.