Researchers from Osaka University have found that the interaction between M18BP1/KNL2 and CENP-A proteins is crucial for cell division in various species except mammals, including humans. This essential protein interaction allows new CENP-A deposition into centromeres to maintain genome information equally during mitosis.
Physicists used lattice QCD and computational resources to predict quantum numbers of omega-c-zero baryons, which were later discovered by an experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. This work helps understand the nature of strong interactions, a crucial aspect of the Universe's behavior.
Researchers at Louisiana State University and Tulane University have observed topological behavior in a magnet, Sr1-yMn1-zSb2, which displays nearly massless electronic charge carriers. This discovery holds promise for novel device concepts with reduced power consumption and heat production.
Research shows that gift recipients are happier with a present when the giver also received the same present. This phenomenon is called companionizing, where the act of sharing the gift creates togetherness and increases liking for the gift.
Researchers found that fruit fly males prioritize courtship over sleep when aroused, while females can't afford to pass up an eligible suitor even if they're tired. The study revealed underlying connections between neural centers mediating sex and sleep in both males and females.
Researchers at Vetmeduni Vienna have identified bone lining cells as the primary target of oestrogen in regulating bone density and preventing pathological changes. The study found that oestrogen binding to these cells controls the expression of RANKL, a key factor in bone turnover.
A new study published in The FASEB Journal suggests that green tea's EGCG may alleviate high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance and cognitive impairment. Researchers found that mice fed with a high-fructose diet and given EGCG showed improved cognitive function and reduced weight gain.
A new study finds that depression in heart patients significantly increases the risk of death, with depressed heart patients having twice the risk as non-depressed heart patients. The study emphasizes the importance of continued screening for depression in all heart disease patients.
University of Delaware researchers have developed a novel method for creating interpenetrating polymeric networks using blue light, offering a more efficient and sustainable approach. This one-step process enables the formation of complex shapes without solvents or additives, resulting in enhanced toughness and reduced brittleness.
A three-year AHA grant funds a multi-center study exploring the neural mechanism behind delirium and spatial neglect after right-hemisphere stroke. The research aims to develop novel attentional-behavioral therapies and diagnostic tools to reduce hospital morbidity and loss of independence.
Researchers developed computer models that simulate the assembly of polymer fibers in sickle red blood cells, revealing new details about how different fiber structures produce abnormal cell shapes. The models can also be used to test new approaches to stopping the disease.
Researchers developed a tool using genetic markers to distinguish between viral and bacterial infections, aiming to reduce antibiotic misuse. The test accurately classified patients with bacterial infections 80-90% of the time, helping physicians avoid unnecessary antibiotics.
Researchers at Ohio State University have identified new physical biomarkers that can help confirm a diagnosis and predict disease progression. The study uses changes in proteins found in spinal fluid and blood to rate the severity of illness, identifying stages and progression with increased reliability.
Researchers from Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology in Jena generate broadband light spectrum with solitons in the near-infrared range, exhibiting unique nonlinear optical effects and high transmission. The use of liquid core fibers enables a more stable alternative to traditional broadband light sources.
Researchers at Nagoya University have created a high-speed cell sorting method that can sort large cells with high viability, purity and success rates. The technique uses microfluidic chip-based dual on-chip pumps to control flow, enabling rapid sorting of both small and large cells.
Researchers at the University of Michigan found a Swiss cheese pattern in Flint's damaged drinking water pipes, revealing a significant amount of missing lead. The team estimated that each lead service line released 18 grams of lead during the 17 months the city received Flint River water.
Researchers at Rockefeller University have discovered two brain cell populations that regulate appetite and may offer a new path to treating obesity. The study found that activating specific neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus can suppress hunger and promote weight loss, opening up new avenues for developing effective obesity drugs.
Tropical Depression 12W forms near Philippines as Typhoon Noru moves north; storm to make landfall in southeastern China on July 30. NASA's Aqua satellite captures visible image of powerful thunderstorms surrounding the center of circulation.
A computational model analyzing 6,082 European football players' salaries showed that Lionel Messi is the world's most overpaid player, followed by Cristiano Ronaldo and Luis Suarez. The study found a strong link between skills and salaries, but noted exceptions like the Ekstraklasa league.
Researchers from HSE Centre for Cognition & Decision Making found that training participants using real-time feedback on alpha wave activity significantly increased their ability to control brain state. This new insight may lead to non-pharmacological methods for treating epilepsy, ADHD, and depression.
A new tool from Disney Research enables novices and experts alike to create high-quality motion cycles in a matter of minutes, enhancing the creative process and expanding artist contributions. The tool uses an algorithm to extract the motion cycle from a performance, allowing for editing and customization.
A team of Rockefeller scientists has identified a specific type of nerve cell, called cholecystokinin (CCK)-expressing neurons, as the site where selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) initiate their action. This discovery may pave the way for new antidepressants that act more quickly and produce fewer side effects.
Researchers at Hokkaido University found that the GLAST molecule facilitates functional wiring of brain cells involved in motor coordination. Glutamate transporters, like GLAST, enable high-fidelity signal transmission between nerve cells.
A community-based service learning experience involving interaction with older adults positively impacts medical residents' career development. Participants gained knowledge of resources, improved communication skills, and expanded their understanding of health topics important to older people.
Scientists have developed a light-activated material that can chemically convert carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide without generating unwanted byproducts. The material, a nickel organic crystalline structure, showed near 100% selectivity for CO production and no detection of competing gas products.
A team of researchers at Queen Mary University of London has identified two proteins that enable the correct attachment between chromosomes and microtubules, which are crucial for maintaining a normal number of chromosomes in human cells. This discovery could help in treating diseases such as cancer and fertility problems.
Cancer cells use exosomes and semiochemicals to suppress the immune response, allowing them to multiply unopposed. Researchers have identified multiple new therapy approaches, including inhibiting PD-L1 receptors and blocking the recognition of Y RNA messages.
NASA scientists have definitively detected acrylonitrile, a chemical thought to form stable structures similar to cell membranes, in Titan's atmosphere. This finding suggests the possibility of membrane-like structures forming on Titan, which could be an important step towards life discovery.
Disney Research's method enables artists to design articulated, physical versions of animated characters with desired motions and poses. The team demonstrated their approach by designing a 2D puppet-like character and a gripper that can pick up light objects.
Researchers found that trigeminal nerve stimulation increased cerebral blood flow and oxygen delivery to the brain in animal models with traumatic brain injury, reducing secondary injury. This study provides strong evidence for the potential of TNS as a novel therapeutic strategy for managing TBI.
The Texas Advanced Computing Center has launched Stampede2, the largest supercomputer at any US university, supporting thousands of nation's scientists and engineers. The system will enable researchers to tackle complex challenges with high-performance computing power.
The map of Tlacotalpa, created by Francisco Gali in 1580, is one of the first examples of local nautical cartography in Hispanic America. The map shows great detail of the coast and surrounding areas, with geographical coordinates and depth measurements.
Scientists confirm the presence of vinyl cyanide on Saturn's moon Titan, suggesting chemical processes analogous to those important for life on Earth. The findings provide insights into Titan's unique environment and potential prebiotic chemistry.
Researchers found that exposure to slow-motion clips altered perceptions of real-life movement, making it appear too fast. Drivers may experience velocity re-normalization, taking time to adjust to slower speeds after high-speed conditions.
Researchers developed a multilayer clustering algorithm to sort through dozens of data points from two large studies, identifying two distinct groups: rapid decliners and slow-moving disease. The 'rapid decliners' group showed twice the rate of brain atrophy and progressed faster to dementia.
Tropical Storm Hilary weakened to 70mph after passing over cooler waters, according to NASA's infrared imagery from the Aqua satellite. The storm's deep convection and thunderstorms decreased late on July 27, indicating dry air has wrapped into its circulation.
Typhoon Noru is forecast to intensify as it tracks over increasingly warm sea surface temperatures and a point source develops over the system. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center noted that the storm's maximum sustained winds were near 65 knots (75 mph/120 kph) on July 28.
Tropical Storm Irwin's eastern half has a larger concentration of thunderstorms than the rest of the storm, according to NOAA's GOES-West satellite imagery. The National Hurricane Center forecasts little change in intensity before Irwin merges with Tropical Storm Hilary.
Typhoon Nesat is expected to make landfall in central Taiwan on July 29, with maximum sustained winds of near 65 knots (75 mph/120 kph). The storm is intensifying and will peak at 75 knots (85 mph/139 kph) before reaching Taiwan.
A new study published in ecancermedicalscience brings together data from 16 localised registers to present a critical new insight into the impact of paediatric cancer across sub-Saharan Africa. The study highlights important trends, such as high incidence rates of rare blood cancers like Burkitt's Lymphoma in cities like Blantyre, Malawi.
Research at Cornell University found that people with dulled taste buds prefer sweeter, high-calorie foods. Participants who had their taste receptors temporarily blocked consumed more sugar than those with unaltered taste response.
Research led by Dr. Lauri Byerley found that walnuts increase beneficial bacteria in the gut, promoting a diverse microbiota. This shift in gut bacteria has been associated with better health outcomes, including reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and inflammatory bowel disease.
The Rice lab has produced the first full-length structure of a salmon virus protein, shedding light on its role in viral assembly and potentially informing strategies to treat human influenza viruses. The discovery could lead to new antiviral treatments by targeting the protein's interaction with other viral components.
Researchers have developed a new surgical technique to reconnect sensory neurons to the spinal cord, offering hope for treating traumatic spinal injuries. The technique involves implanting neural offshoots into the dorsal horn of the spinal cord to form a functional neural circuit.
A new study by University of Houston College of Optometry researchers found that wearing blue-light blocking glasses before bed increased nighttime melatonin levels by 58% compared to non-blocking glasses. Participants reported improved sleep quality, faster falls asleep, and longer sleep durations.
Leading scientists from around the world gathered to discuss leveraging science to combat illegal wildlife trade. They identified opportunities to bring scientific knowledge to bear on the problem, including using data, collaborating on problem-solving, and assessing interventions.
A new BACE inhibitor has shown promise in improving brain function and memory performance in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. The study found that the treatment reduced amyloid beta production, restored normal nerve cell function, and improved memory abilities.
A team of researchers at Rochester Institute of Technology is exploring the use of nanowires and new materials to improve solar cell technology. By maximizing the amount of solar spectrum that can be absorbed, they aim to increase the efficiency of solar power conversion and make it more cost-effective for consumer markets.
Researchers have developed a new type of adhesive substance that mimics the properties of slug mucus, effectively sealing wounds after surgery. The substance was found to be strong, flexible and non-toxic, with performance comparable to using a hemostat in emergency surgical procedures.
Researchers observed atomic-level dissolution processes of calcite using high-speed FM-AFM, revealing an intermediate state called the transition region. The team proposes a new dissolution mechanism involving the formation of Ca(OH)2 monolayer and its effects on surface stability.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine have discovered how acidic conditions trigger the formation of toxic protein clusters in cells, leading to the death of vital organs. The study may help design new treatments for secondary systemic amyloidosis (AA), a life-threatening disorder that affects millions worldwide.
A Stanford study found that social forces can override genetically programmed behavior in male mice, triggering territorial rage in various situations. The researchers identified a specific nerve cell cluster that activates when a male mouse is left alone, leading to aggressive displays.
MRI provides a comprehensive evaluation method for living liver donors, replacing invasive and time-consuming conventional methods. The use of updated MRI-based techniques improves image quality, enabling non-invasive assessment of hepatic steatosis and vascular anatomy.
Alex Huang, MD, PhD, receives funding to continue fighting childhood cancer with a focus on immune system activation and tumor evasion strategies. The award supports breakthrough research at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and the National Cancer Institute's 'moonshot' initiative.
NASA used the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder to track cloud top temperatures in Tropical Storm Irwin, identifying the strongest storms as those west of its low-level center. Temperatures of minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit were recorded in these areas, indicating potential heavy rainfall.
Increased precipitation from climate change will substantially overload U.S. waterways with excess nitrogen, leading to eutrophication and harmful algal blooms. The Midwest and Northeast are expected to be particularly affected, with a one-fifth increase in nutrient pollution by the end of the century.
A recent study by Virginia Tech researchers emphasizes the need to sustain benefits from voluntary conservation incentive programs after they end. The authors identified five research-based explanations for persistence outcomes, including landowners' attitudes and motivations, habit formation, access to resources, and social influences.
Researchers at Rice University have created a novel filter that can remove toxic heavy metals from contaminated water, using a combination of carbon nanotubes and quartz fibers. The filters are reusable and can be washed with vinegar, making them an effective solution for treating water in remote regions.
A new study in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases found that women and children in Sierra Leone participate in hunting activities, challenging previous assumptions. The research underscores the importance of recognizing children's specific hunting practices to develop effective interventions.
Researchers used a contrast agent to make tumor cells glow during surgery, combining it with PET scans to identify malignant nodules. This approach improved diagnostics and led to the removal of more cancerous nodules from lung cancer patients.