A new DARPA project aims to create an implanted brain-interface device with one million channels to support brain function. The device, developed by Columbia University researchers, uses silicon electronics and wireless powering for non-invasive stimulation and recording from the sensory cortex.
Researchers at Stockholm University found a link between the West African Monsoon and ENSO variability, revealing reduced variability by 30-60% compared to pre-industrial times. Accounting for a vegetated and less dusty Sahara improved model simulations and provided insights into future climate change predictions.
A Phase II study found that increasing radiotherapy doses to hypoxic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lesions, identified by PET/CT scans, did not improve patient outcomes. The study suggests that smaller volumes of tumors with hypoxia may be more effectively targeted for radiotherapy.
A Danish-led study found that microbes in Greenland's ice sheet can resist and degrade globally-emitted pollutants like mercury, lead, and PAHs. The research highlights the need for more attention to the release of anthropogenic contaminants as climate change melts the ice sheets.
Research reveals black adults are twice as likely to experience fatal first cardiac events compared to whites. The study suggests social determinants of health and cardiovascular risk factors contribute to this disparity.
A recent study by UMass Amherst researchers found that certain beneficial gut bacteria can grow when fed a carbohydrate in cranberries, exhibiting a special nontypical metabolism. The findings could lead to new supplements or food products with potential health benefits.
A meta-analysis of 19,760 patients found S-DAPT associated with higher rates of myocardial infarction but lower TIMI major bleeding compared to L-DAPT. The optimal DAPT duration remains unclear due to varying patient risks and agent choices.
Researchers have successfully produced functional arterial cells using new techniques, exhibiting key functions required by the body. Mice treated with these cells showed an 83% survival rate, compared to 33% for controls, and demonstrated improved artery formation and survival.
A national survey found that Medicaid enrollees are mostly satisfied with their health care coverage and access to physicians. Most reported being able to get necessary care, while few faced barriers due to waiting times or insurance issues. The study suggests that Medicaid meets the needs of most enrollees.
Researchers discovered that sea spiders use gut peristalsis to move blood and oxygen throughout their bodies, not hearts. This unique system allows for efficient gas transport and highlights the diversity of solutions in animal physiology.
A national survey of rural physicians found significant barriers to prescribing buprenorphine for opioid use disorder, including time constraints and lack of mental health support services. The study calls for tailored strategies to address these barriers and support physicians in providing Buprenorphine Maintenance Treatment.
A novel theory explains how metal nanoparticles form, revealing a balance between bond strength and ligand binding. This understanding enables the creation of more efficient and sustainable nanoparticle production processes for applications like biolabeling and targeted drug delivery.
Two large studies published in Annals of Internal Medicine suggest that higher coffee consumption is associated with a lower risk for death, particularly among whites and non-white populations. The studies found that moderate to high coffee intake was linked to reduced mortality rates for diseases such as digestive tract disorders and ...
Researchers at Cornell University and Harvard Medical School have observed the bacterial defense mechanism against invaders, revealing how CRISPR sites store molecular memories of invaders. The study provides structural data to improve CRISPR operations' efficiency and accuracy.
Drexel University researchers develop new battery electrode designs using highly conductive MXene material, achieving tens of milliseconds charging time. The design enables ultrafast energy storage devices that can store more energy than conventional supercapacitors.
Researchers found that sildenafil reduced clumping of blood platelets by 30 percent and increased activity of an enzyme that helps prevent restenosis. If similar results are found in clinical trials, sildenafil could be used to coat drug-eluting stents or given orally after stent implantation.
Researchers have successfully delivered a gene therapy to the brains of mice with mucopolysaccharidosis type 1, preventing neurologic deficits. The noninvasive intranasal approach shows promise for treating genetic disorders affecting the brain.
Primary care physicians identify barriers to deprescribing, including patient expectations and organizational constraints. Less experienced physicians face additional challenges, highlighting the need for supportive interventions to promote safer prescribing practices.
Researchers from Rice University and Baylor College of Medicine have demonstrated a key step in generating implantable tissues with functioning capillaries. They used human endothelial cells and mesenchymal stem cells to initiate tubulogenesis, crucial for blood-transporting capillary formation.
A survey of 423 academics, students, postdoctoral researchers, and administrators found that 39% reported verbal harassment and 9% suffered physical harassment. Women, particularly minority women, were most likely to experience racist and sexist remarks.
Scientists at Rice University have developed a new material that combines flexibility and stiffness by infusing it with tiny pockets of liquid gallium. The composite exhibits higher energy absorption characteristics than traditional materials, making it suitable for applications such as shock absorbers and biomimetic structures.
A novel monoclonal antibody called emicizumab has been shown to decrease the incidence of bleeding episodes in patients with hemophilia A and inhibitors by 87%. This breakthrough therapy offers a more effective and safer alternative to traditional treatments, reducing the need for frequent dosing and minimizing side effects.
A study published in The FASEB Journal discovered that a commonly known protein complex can stimulate insulin secretion in pancreatic cells. This finding provides insights into new treatments for conditions where the body produces insufficient insulin, such as diabetes.
A study of rural primary care physicians found that younger physicians experience higher turnover rates than older counterparts, with 17% biennial turnover among younger physicians. Rural practice is particularly challenging, with non-retention worse in counties without a hospital or smaller population.
Researchers used a deep-diving robot to study deep scattering layers, finding that they contain discrete groups or 'schools' of squids, fishes, and crustaceans. These groups have distinct boundaries and are formed by similar-sized animals, with smaller animals staying closer together.
Research reveals that insured patients struggle to secure appointments with psychiatrists, highlighting the challenges of accessing behavioral health care. The study estimates that a patient may need to call seven to ten psychiatrists to find an available appointment, underscoring the need for improved access to mental health services.
A family physician shares her experience with patient denial and anger towards opioid prescription limits, but finds healing through medication-assisted treatment training. She urges healthcare professionals to recognize opioid addiction and support one another in providing treatment.
Researchers developed a method to generate large amounts of training data using computer graphics and motion capture technology. This allows for accurate pose recognition, including complex positions such as recumbent and crouching, enabling care robots to provide better care. The generated data is freely available for research purposes.
A change in cervical cancer screening guidelines led to a decrease in Pap testing and chlamydia testing among young women. Chlamydia testing declined by 26% in females aged 15-19, resulting in lower reported incidence rates for this age group.
A recent study found that care farming significantly improved veterans' mental well-being by increasing life satisfaction in three participants and optimism about future life satisfaction in two. The program also reduced perceived loneliness in two participants.
Aging individuals with implants face unique challenges due to immunosenescence and delayed immune responses. The study investigates the impact of aging on macrophage activity and white blood cell function, seeking ways to optimize implant success and minimize negative effects.
US medical expenditures increased by 47% between 1996-1997 and 2011-2012, driven largely by prescription drug use. Expenditures rose in most categories except primary care physicians and home health care, with the largest increases seen in specialty physicians, emergency department visits, and prescribed medications.
A widespread telehealth project in Brazil has reduced wait times for specialty consultations, while solo practices use patient-entered data to supercharge self-management. These innovations expand primary care access and enhance patient engagement.
Scientists have identified three inflammatory biomarkers that can detect traumatic brain injury (TBI) within hours of occurrence. The discovery could lead to the development of a test for diagnosing TBI on the sidelines of sports pitches or by paramedics, allowing for timely treatment and reduced disability.
Three case reports published in NEJM demonstrate the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy in gray zone lymphoma, a rare subtype of Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin forms of the disease. Nivolumab and pembrolizomab showed promising results in treating patients with PD-L1 over-expression.
Patients with opioid use disorder on buprenorphine are at significantly higher risk of death when in and out of treatment. The study found a 2.6 times increased risk of mortality compared to individuals without addiction issues during the same time period.
A new study by Michigan State University education scholars found that burnout among early-career teachers is contagious, with a stronger link to school-wide culture than close colleagues' burnout. The researchers analyzed survey data from over 400 teachers and found that schools can play a significant role in reducing teacher burnout.
Research suggests that women with bulimia nervosa use food as an escape from negative thoughts and self-criticism, as indicated by decreased blood flow in the brain's self-reflection region. The study found increased stress reduction and increased food cravings after consuming high-fat/high-sugar foods.
Researchers at Kyushu University developed a novel design strategy for efficient light-emitting molecules using excited-state intramolecular proton transfer, achieving highly efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence. This approach has the potential to improve the stability of OLEDs and unlock new properties.
Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory develop Multi-Tiered Iterative Phasing (M-TIP) algorithm to determine molecular structure from sparse and noisy single-particle diffraction data. This approach reduces the amount of required information, enabling the extraction of more features from limited experiments.
A study published in The Lancet found that exposure to the meningococcal group B vaccine reduced the likelihood of contracting gonorrhoea by approximately 31%. This is the first time a vaccine has shown any protection against gonorrhoea, offering a new avenue for vaccine development.
A study found that disrupting one night of sleep in healthy adults causes an increase in amyloid beta, a brain protein associated with Alzheimer's disease. A week of poor sleep also leads to an increase in tau protein, which has been linked to brain damage in Alzheimer's and other neurological diseases.
A new USC-led study reveals that Medicare Advantage plans pay physicians similar prices to traditional Medicare, with most procedures seeing reimbursement rates near parity. The researchers also found that commercial insurance pays higher prices for many services.
Scientists at Cardiff University have discovered new molecules, including formylium and sulphur monoxide, within the remnants of Supernova 1987A. This suggests that supernovae can create clouds of molecules and dust at extremely cold temperatures, similar to those in stellar nurseries where stars are born.
Medicaid enrollees gave their healthcare an average rating of 7.9 out of 10 for overall satisfaction. They also reported easily accessing physician care and having a usual source of care.
A new study from the University of East Anglia aims to improve policy and social work practice by addressing the knowledge gap about men in child protection. The research found that most men involved wanted to be part of their child's life, presenting both a risk and resource for their children.
Researchers at UC San Diego have invented a new method for controlling gene expression across bacterial colonies by engineering dynamic DNA copy number changes. This approach allows for the regulation of gene expression, enabling the creation of synthetic biological circuits that can be turned on and off.
Scientists have developed a method to defrost surfaces 10 times faster than normal using a superhydrophobic coating. The 'dynamic defrosting' technique involves creating air pockets under frost, allowing it to slide off easily and leaving the surface dry.
Researchers at MIT developed a system that allocates cache access on the fly to create tailored 'cache hierarchies' for specific programs, increasing processing speed by 20-30% and reducing energy consumption by 30-85%. The system, called Jenga, uses a sampling algorithm to efficiently evaluate tradeoffs between latency and space.
The study, analyzing 40,358 papers and 2,350 patents from 2004 to 2014, reveals that spatial relations on campus fuel collaboration. Researchers near colleagues are more likely to engage in substantive conversations, leading to increased collaborative activity.
The study analyzed data from 717,000 people in 111 countries and found that big gaps between activity levels coincided with higher obesity rates. The research also highlighted the powerful role of gender in country-to-country differences, with women affected more dramatically by negative consequences.
A new study of stalagmites from an Iranian cave suggests the Middle East will experience diminishing precipitation and no relief from drought in the next 10,000 years. The research links climate changes to solar insolation across Eurasia, indicating a prolonged dry spell.
A new Stanford study found that oxytocin improves social behavior in children with autism who have low oxytocin levels, but not those with high levels. The study suggests that baseline oxytocin levels can predict which children will benefit from oxytocin treatment.
Researchers at WashU Medicine found that hydroxychloroquine effectively blocks viral transmission to the fetus, protecting it from Zika infection. The study used mouse models to demonstrate that suppressing autophagy promotes Zika virus survival and infection in the placenta.
A new study found a 100% increase in medication errors per 100,000 U.S. residents from 2000 to 2012, with cardiovascular and analgesic medications being the most common causes of serious outcomes. Parents and caregivers are advised to keep written logs of medication administration to prevent errors.
A study found that MS patients with higher scores on a standardised questionnaire were more likely to die in the next 10 years. The Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale (MSIS-29) asks patients to rate their symptoms, which can help doctors predict clinical outcomes and tailor treatment.
A team of researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital developed a potential therapy using stem cells loaded with oncolytic viruses to target skin cancer metastases in the brain. The study found that this approach led to the elimination of metastatic skin cancer cells from the brain, resulting in prolonged survival.
A proposed solution to disrupt healthcare disruptions is the creation of a chief primary care medical officer. This position would lead hospital efforts to create systems ensuring a complete primary care continuum, even for complex patients, resulting in improved value, reduced costs, and better health outcomes.
Researchers Joe Kable and Caryn Lerman found that a 10-week Lumosity training session had no effect on cognitive function or brain activity among young adults. Meanwhile, playing non-adaptive video games showed similar improvements in standard cognitive assessments as the control group.
Researchers have characterized the function of ant receptors that identify odorant blends, revealing a more complex system than previously thought. This breakthrough may lead to new insights into ant social structure and communication, as well as effective methods for controlling insect populations.