Ecologist Cathy Pfister used WWI-era maps to study kelp forest changes in the Pacific Northwest. The abundance of kelp beds remained constant despite climate change, except for areas closest to Puget Sound and Seattle.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed a novel metal printing method that produces flexible, stretchable electronics at reduced costs. The technique uses molten metal alloys with low melting points and is compatible with existing manufacturing systems.
A six-year prostitution decriminalization policy in Rhode Island resulted in a significant decrease in female gonorrhea incidence by more than 40 percent. Additionally, rape offenses decreased by 30 percent. Decriminalization may also lead to safer work spaces and increased cooperation with police.
Researchers at IIT-Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia focus on iCub's evolution from its origin to date, showcasing hardware and software co-evolution. The robot's current version enables crawling, sitting, balancing, and recognizing objects, with a sensitive full-body electronic skin system.
A team of researchers from Cranfield University and Chinese institutions developed a framework combining cyber, physical, and social systems to integrate vehicle connectivity and automation attributes. They proposed the use of parallel learning theory to analyze information regarding vehicle, human driver, and driving actions in parallel.
A study by the Dairy Herd Health Group at the University of Nottingham's School of Veterinary Medicine and Science found that 25% of UK dairy farms used over half of all antibiotics in the sample. The research also identified factors associated with high antibiotic use, including oral antibiotics and digital dermatitis treatments.
A new study found that 35% of young singers in an elite choir exhibited tics during a performance. This discovery may indicate a relation between ticcing and exceptional motor skills, potentially leading to a reevaluation of the perception of tics as a disorder.
Researchers found algae significantly reduce ice sheet's albedo and contribute to its melting. Algal darkening is responsible for 5-10% of total melt each summer, according to the study.
A new study found that LGB parents' perceptions of community tolerance depend on the presence of supportive structures like legal protections, employer acceptance, and religious affirmation. However, these factors alone do not guarantee a supportive climate, as individual experiences can vary significantly.
A study published in British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology found that pregnant women with pre-gestational diabetes who take metformin are at a higher risk for major birth defects and pregnancy loss compared to the general population. The increased risk is not due to metformin, but rather the underlying diabetes.
Researchers identified clomipramine as a promising candidate to alleviate symptoms of multiple sclerosis' progressive form. In preclinical studies, the therapy suppressed neurological disturbances and minimised damage to nerve cells and inflammation. Clinical studies are planned to test its effectiveness in patients.
A new study led by Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers found that tumors with high mutational burden are more likely to respond to checkpoint inhibitors, a class of cancer immunotherapy drugs. The study suggests that precision medicine could be used to guide clinical trials and improve treatment outcomes for specific patient populations.
Researchers develop 3D images of the cervix using MRI to better understand its micro-structure and how it supports pregnancy. The findings suggest a fibrous structure running along the upper part of the cervix, which provides strength and support during pregnancy.
A study by Binghamton University researchers suggests that Rapa Nui's people were part of a supportive community, with pukao weighing multiple tons placed on moai heads to honor ancestors. The analysis of 70 giant hats reveals more drawings than previously thought, highlighting cooperation and resource sharing.
A proof-of-concept study reveals that mass dog vaccination can eliminate human rabies exposure in Africa. The study, conducted in Chad, demonstrated the effectiveness of a 20-year-old strategy targeting foxes, with over 65% of the city's dog population vaccinated against rabies.
The new guidelines recommend a set of blood tests to diagnose patients with liver disease, including bilirubin, albumin, and liver enzymes. They also provide guidance on how to manage patients with abnormal test results, aiming to reduce unnecessary repeat testing for those unlikely to have significant liver disease.
Dark excitons, bound pairs of an electron and hole, can store information in their spin state, but reading their spins is hard due to lack of light emission. New experiments overcome this by introducing a microlens that captures more photons, enabling researchers to detect dark exciton spins more efficiently.
Scientists at Scripps Research Institute have solved the mystery of Piezo1's structure, revealing three curved blades that move in response to mechanical force. The findings point the way to targeting diseases where Piezo1 is mutated.
Physicists successfully cool a nanoelectronic chip to a temperature lower than 3 millikelvin using magnetic cooling. They also maintain these extremely low temperatures for seven hours, enabling various experiments close to absolute zero.
The review discusses potential applications of genetic modification and genome editing in cattle for food production, highlighting the need for clear information about methods and their consequences. The authors emphasize the importance of stakeholder involvement and international cooperation to address ethical concerns and ensure publ...
Scientists at the University of Maryland School of Medicine have discovered a significant link between mitochondrial changes and cocaine addiction. By blocking these changes, researchers were able to reduce cocaine-induced behavior in mice.
A new drone system detects voices and sounds from disaster victims through background noise, helping rescue teams locate them faster. The system combines microphone array technology, sound source localization, and automatic speech recognition.
The Low Emission Zone in Leipzig has significantly reduced the concentration of black carbon and ultrafine particles, which are believed to be most dangerous due to their carcinogenic trace compounds. The reduction of these particles resulted in a significant improvement of air quality and a reduced health risk for the population.
A study found that high out-of-pocket costs for oral cancer medications lead to prescription abandonment, even among those with insurance. Patients faced with costs over $2,000 were more likely to abandon their prescriptions, highlighting the need for strategies to improve patient access.
Researchers found a significant peak in dog cases of chocolate ingestion during the Christmas period. The study revealed that most cases involved small amounts of common festive chocolates, and owners should be prepared to provide information about the consumed amount and type of chocolate to help their vet take action.
A recent clinical anatomy review sheds light on the discovery of prostate orgasms, discovering that stimulating the prostate via the rectal wall can create exceptionally pleasurable feelings. The study highlights the need to explore this previously ignored area of orgasm research.
A team of scientists has identified molecular super enhancers that regulate tumor development in ependymoma, a common type of brain cancer in children. By targeting these enhancers, researchers have shown promise in slowing down or stopping the growth of ependymoma cells.
Researchers studied black carbon aerosols from biomass burning under different combustion conditions, finding varying mixing states. The study revealed intense coagulation during flaming combustion, resulting in a thicker coating on rBC particles.
Researchers are exploring phages as a solution to combat antibiotic resistance. Studies suggest that phages can alter microbial balances and have been proposed for use in faecal microbiota transplantations. Despite challenges, phage therapy may offer a promising alternative to traditional antibiotics.
Researchers at IST Austria and Paris create framework connecting three neural information encoding theories, providing concrete predictions for previously unstudied coding regimes. The unified theory allows neurons to have mixed coding objectives, covering a range of constraints and phenomena not explained by existing models.
A study published in Neurology suggests that consuming daily leafy green vegetables can help preserve memory and thinking skills as people age. The research found that those who ate more leafy greens showed a slower rate of decline on cognitive tests, equivalent to being 11 years younger in age.
A Brazilian startup has developed a smartphone app that uses computer vision and artificial intelligence to identify animals. The 'Crowdpet' app combines photos of lost animals registered by owners with snaps of animals found in the street by volunteers, achieving a 99% success rate in distinguishing cats and dogs.
A clinical trial found that implanting a shunt or endoscopically reducing intracranial pressure is equally effective in treating hydrocephalus, but endoscopy may have fewer long-term complications. The study also found that children with normal brain development had better outcomes.
Researchers at University of Helsinki develop a new privacy-aware machine learning method that enables accurate modeling using private user device data. This method ensures limited information on each data subject is revealed, making it ideal for protecting sensitive health and human behavior data.
Researchers analyzed tree masting observational data and found a strong correlation between the North Atlantic Oscillation and synchronized tree reproduction across Europe. This study supports the idea that the North Atlantic Oscillation plays a key role in large-scale masting.
A study published in Geomorphology identifies areas with high cliff erosion rates and introduces a new hazard scale to predict impending collapses. The research provides accurate erosion rates for 680 miles of the California coast, highlighting the need for improved models and planning strategies to protect critical facilities.
A new ancient dolphin species, Urkudelphis chawpipacha, has been discovered in Ecuador, with a fossilized skull featuring distinctive facial features. The species is believed to be an ancestor of the nearly-extinct Platanistoidea, or river dolphin, and may have lived during the Oligocene era.
Astronomers detected radio waves from a neutron-star collision, confirming a new explanation for the phenomenon. The observations suggest a 'cocoon' model, where the jet gathers up surrounding material, producing broad electromagnetic radiation.
The collision produced gravitational waves and detected radio waves, which led to the discovery of a 'cocoon', a broader outflow of radio-emitting material, rather than a fast-moving jet. This finding provides more insight into short gamma-ray bursts.
Researchers successfully used CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing to disable a defective gene causing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in mice, extending their lifespan by 25% and delaying the onset of muscle-wasting symptoms. The therapy targeted motor neurons, allowing for rescue of these critical cells and enabling improved muscle function.
A study published in Oncotarget identifies a key step in the modification of Snail1, which can alter its structure and function to promote prostate cancer cell migration. The researchers found that preventing this modification can abolish the migratory and invasive properties of human prostate cancer cells.
A new review paper concludes that varied diets and persistence in exposing infants and children to healthy foods, even when they don't like them at first, are key to promoting healthy eating behaviors. Repeated exposure can familiarize the child with specific flavors and set the stage for later acceptance of healthy flavors.
Researchers developed a statistical model to study the origin of genetic diversity in Amazonian sardines, revealing interactions between geographical distance, waterfalls, and floodplain size. The approach could be used for conservation strategies, helping to assess human impact on biodiversity in various ecosystems.
Researchers developed a tiny spectrometer that can be easily integrated into smartphones, allowing for precise measurements of light absorption and reflection. The sensor has applications in gas detection, motion sensing and more, with potential to become as important as the camera.
Researchers have created a plant pan-genome using Brachypodium distachyon, revealing nearly twice the number of genes found in any individual line. This new estimate enables breeders to tap into genetic variability for traits like yield and disease resistance.
Driftwood hoppers, also known as talitrids, have evolved to thrive in marine driftwood habitats. They are characterized by their small size and reliance on symbiotic microflora for digestive purposes. The species demonstrate dwarfism due to poor diet and slow metabolism, with the smallest species measuring less than 6 mm in length.
Scientists at OIST Graduate University have used super-resolution nanoscopy to visualize the structure of bacterial cell division in E. coli. The study found that two key proteins, FtsZ and FtsN, form non-overlapping rings that play specific roles in the process.
Researchers developed an algorithm using smartphone data to detect worsening symptoms in cancer patients, allowing for early intervention and improved quality of life. The study enrolled 14 patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment, showing 88% accuracy in identifying high-symptom days.
A study by Massachusetts General Hospital found that almost 40% of malignant glioma patients never enrolled in hospice, and a quarter of those who did may have enrolled too late. This highlights the need for improved end-of-life care for this patient group.
A study by the University of Houston found that over half of young cancer patients reported problems with sexual function. The probability of reporting sexual dysfunction increased over time, affecting 53% of participants two years after diagnosis. Relationships and psychological distress also played a role in sexual health.
A new study found that black-backed jackals have a preference for eating livestock, including sheep and goats, over similarly sized wild prey. This has significant consequences for farmers and the management of predators in South Africa, highlighting the need to protect livestock from these animals.
Researchers used CRISPR-Cas9 technology to disrupt a genetic mutation causing deafness in mice, preserving some hearing. The treatment reversed hair cell damage and improved inner ear function.
Research found that high nighttime temperatures have a significant negative impact on canola plant production, particularly during the flowering and seed-forming stages. Temperatures between 68-73°F cause a decrease in yield, grain number, and final grain weight.
Researchers successfully interrupted rabies transmission in N'Djaména, Chad, after two mass dog vaccination campaigns. The campaigns reduced dog-to-human transmissions by less than one per million people, highlighting the effectiveness of vaccines when local communities are informed and engaged.
Researchers found that whole eggs stimulate greater post-workout muscle protein synthesis compared to egg whites. The study suggests that consuming protein in its natural matrix is more beneficial for muscles.
A new study published in Science Advances suggests that the emerging snake fungal disease could infect all snakes globally, regardless of their ancestry or habitats. The disease, caused by Ophidiomyces ophidiodiicola, primarily affects snakes' skin, leading to lesions and potentially deadly outcomes.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School have discovered a novel therapeutic strategy to treat drug-resistant thyroid cancers by combining vemurafenib with palbociclib, a CDK4/6 inhibitor. The treatment was shown to induce stronger cell death than when used alone, offering new hope for patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma.
The new instrument uses micro Raman spectroscopy to detect organic compounds and minerals associated with biological activity. It can analyze samples up to 10 centimeters away with high resolution, significantly improving previous instruments.
Researchers found that the FDA-approved drug hydralazine extended the life span of roundworms by 25% by activating the NRF2/SKN-1 signaling pathway, which may mimic caloric restriction. The treatment also showed neuroprotection and reduced tau toxicity in a model of Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers identified shared immunity-related pathways involved in advanced stages of inherited blindness, hinting at potential therapeutic strategies. The study's findings also reveal similarities with common vision disorders like diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration.