Researchers found that mice lacking a sense of smell lose an average of 16% body weight, with most weight loss coming from fat. The team discovered a link between the loss of smell and increased burning of brown fat, which helps with weight regulation.
Researchers have successfully created a room temperature field-effect transistor using graphene's electron spin, enabling the integration of spintronic logic and memory devices. This breakthrough could lead to more versatile devices with reduced power consumption, crucial for future handheld mobile computing.
A recent study by CHLA found that caregivers are generally more satisfied with actual care than expected in pediatric emergency departments. Effective communication between physicians and families can improve expectations and health knowledge.
Researchers found that even small amounts of oil can significantly increase the energy expenditure of migratory birds during flight. The study, published in Journal of Experimental Biology, reveals that light oiling can dramatically increase the 'flight costs' of migrating birds by 20% and 45%.
Researchers from the University of Surrey investigated the nutritional value of vitamin D2 and D3, finding that D3 is twice as effective in raising levels in the body. Vitamin D3 was found to be more effective than D2 in increasing levels by 75% compared to those given D2.
A new combination immunotherapy has significantly improved response rates for kidney cancer patients, with 40% experiencing prolonged responses. This treatment approach has the potential to set a new standard of care for kidney cancer patients, offering durable and reversible side effects compared to current therapies.
Experts at Rutgers University-New Brunswick and Michigan State University have designed a way to reduce enzyme use in biofuels production. The new approach enables the recycling of enzymes, lowering production costs and making biofuels more affordable.
A large nationwide study involving over 40,000 women found that fertility treatment does not increase the risk of divorce. The study, which followed couples for 16 years, revealed that the majority of couples had children with their baseline partners and around one-fifth ended up separated or divorced.
A new study reveals how metamemory improves from childhood through adolescence, with accompanying brain structure changes. The ability to reflect on memories continuously improves into adolescence, predicting increases in IQ.
A new study reveals that malaria parasites actively adapt to a host's nutritional status, with mice eating 30% fewer calories showing significantly lower parasite loads. The parasite's rate of replication depends on the host's calorie intake, potentially dictating the outcome of a malaria infection.
Researchers expose burrowing bettongs to feral cats, observing improved evasion behaviors and increased vigilance. The study suggests this technique could aid the reintroduction of threatened Australian mammals onto the mainland.
Researchers developed a model that accounts for variation in clinical course of different patient populations across various clinical settings. The model shows that patients with similar characteristics within the same diagnosis can have different survival times and care needs.
A recent study published in Neurology suggests that people with normal thinking and memory skills but poor sleep quality may be at higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. Researchers found a link between sleep disturbances and biological markers for Alzheimer's disease in spinal fluid, including amyloid plaques and tau tangles.
Researchers found that Western participants had more positive evaluations of social interactions involving handshakes compared to East Asians. Western men and women also rated interactions differently, reflecting subtle cultural differences in expectations around handshaking.
Researchers found that quails eat more and are happier in hot weather with a gentle breeze. This helps them maintain healthy egg production. In contrast, cold temperatures have little effect on quail behavior.
A recent study published in the European Respiratory Journal found a strong association between high maternal sugar intake during pregnancy and an increased risk of allergy and allergic asthma in offspring. The research, which analyzed data from over 9,000 mother-child pairs, suggests that high fructose intake may cause a persistent po...
Researchers at the University of Illinois have created a new optical mapping 3D display that reduces eye fatigue and discomfort in VR environments. The display method, called OMNI, uses spatial multiplexing to create multiple plane depths with correct focus cues for depth perception.
A University of Florida study found that generic drug prices increase when market competition levels drop, particularly among lower-priced drugs. The research analyzed 1.08 billion prescription claims and estimated competition levels using the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index.
A team of engineers at the University of Arizona is designing an autonomous border-surveillance system that uses artificial intelligence to collect, assess, and act on data in real time. The system will deploy drones on its own and integrate data from different sources, including aerial and ground vehicles, to respond effectively.
A study by Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute researchers found that autophagy declines with age, leading to incomplete recycling of cellular waste. The team discovered this decline occurs after autophagosomes are formed, potentially blocking the conversion process and contributing to age-related diseases.
New research on Titan's lakes reveals that most waves reach only about 1 centimeter high, making it a serene environment suitable for safe landing of future probes. The study suggests that the winds are likely low, with patches of smooth and rough surfaces detected.
Scientists have developed a powerful new technique called LASSO cloning that can clone thousands of long DNA sequences at once, speeding up the creation of proteins and discovery of new medicines. This innovation enables researchers to analyze what genes' proteins do, leading to potential breakthroughs in scores of diseases.
Smart solid-state transformers could enhance the functionalities of tomorrow's power grid, but system designers need to ensure that customer power demand, renewable energy generation, and energy storage capacity are accounted for. The technology has the potential to improve efficient use of renewable energy and storage.
Researchers found that maternal antibodies against HSV-1 can travel to the nervous systems of unborn babies, preventing the development and spread of infection during birth. This protection may help prevent serious brain disease related to these conditions in fetuses and newborns.
Research found that leaf-litter frog has twice the bacterial richness in continuous forest than in fragments, while others show no variation by forest type, highlighting individual species' unique habitats as key factors.
Researchers at UC San Diego developed a temperature sensor that runs on 113 picowatts of power, reducing energy consumption by 628 times. The technology can enable new devices powered by harvesting energy from low-power sources.
A study found that men prioritize sexual favors as an apology, while women value spending quality time together and emotional commitment. Women also rate tears and apologizing as effective reconciliation tactics, showcasing their partner's willingness to invest effort and provide emotional support.
Researchers developed a new technique to analyze influenza virus infections in cells and lung tissue, visualizing the delivery of viral genome segments. This approach revealed that productive cell co-infections only occur when both viruses enter the same cell within two hours.
A new species of bacteria, Borrelia mayonii, that causes Lyme disease has a similar transmission risk as previously known bacteria. Prompt removal of ticks after a bite can help prevent its transmission, aligning with existing guidelines.
Researchers at PPPL successfully demonstrated a hot plasma edge in a fusion facility by coating tokamak walls with lithium. The findings show that high-edge temperatures and constant temperature profiles can be achieved, which is crucial for improving plasma performance and efficiency.
The Well-Being Map is an interactive tool that uses over 37 billion publicly shared tweets to analyze and display scores for various characteristics in every US county. It provides valuable insights into community traits such as well-being, personality, government-reported health, and socioeconomic factors.
A new study reveals widespread physician dissatisfaction with electronic health records (EHRs), with hospital-based physicians expressing concerns about reduced patient contact time and office-based physicians worrying about the quality of their interactions. Despite these challenges, some physicians have found ways to minimize disrupt...
A study by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that abdominal radiation increases the risk of premature ovarian insufficiency in female cancer survivors, which can lead to infertility and poor overall health. Researchers recommend estrogen replacement therapy to mitigate these risks.
Researchers found that patients with Parkinson's were four times more likely to have a history of melanoma than those without the disease. In contrast, people with melanoma had a fourfold higher risk of developing Parkinson's. The study suggests that common environmental or genetic factors may underlie both conditions.
The study reveals that morphogens, such as Dpp, are necessary for tissue growth but their concentration gradients do not direct wing growth. The research suggests an alternative mechanism regulates the size of the final wing structure.
New research suggests ancient, dormant fungi could aid trees in migrating due to rapid climate warming in Canada's boreal and tundra ecosystems.
A study by Oregon State University scientists reveals a perfect combination of tides and wind responsible for the krill hotspot. Krill aggregations are delivered close to shore by tidal currents and winds, benefiting Adélie penguin breeding colonies. This natural phenomenon supports incredible biodiversity in the Antarctic region.
A recent study found no association between opioid intake and disability, satisfaction with surgery, or pain management at 5-8 months post-surgery. However, patients using opioids reported more pain with activity and catastrophic thinking, leading to anxiety and limited mobility.
The report reveals that type 2 diabetes prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa has reached 22% in some countries, with only half of diagnosed cases receiving treatment. The Lancet commission calls for decisive action to address the growing burden, which could nearly triple to $59 billion by 2030.
The Keck School of Medicine of USC has received a seven-year, $6.9 million grant from the National Institutes of Health's NHLBI to study lung cell regeneration. The research aims to develop new therapies for common lung diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
A Canadian study found that frequent marijuana use during adolescence is associated with an increased risk of recurrent psychotic-like experiences. The study suggests that emerging symptoms of depression are a key factor in this relationship, and highlights the need for targeted prevention programs to delay or prevent marijuana use amo...
Using lasers, MSU scientists have replicated a mechanism forming H3+, the universe's most abundant ion, revealing 'phantom mechanisms' in astrochemistry. The team discovered roaming chemistry plays a crucial role in this process.
Researchers have developed a new treatment for bacterial keratitis using quantum dots, which can kill various bacterial strains without harming human cells. The one-step method produces non-toxic carbon quantum dots that may replace conventional treatments.
A recent study found that mice who lost their sense of smell gained less weight on a high-fat diet compared to those with normal smell. The researchers used gene therapy to temporarily destroy olfactory neurons, and the smell-deficient mice rapidly burned calories by up-regulating their sympathetic nervous system.
Researchers at CNIC reveal CTCF's crucial role in antibody generation and germinal center formation, shedding light on the immune response mechanisms. The study highlights the importance of CTCF for maintaining proper immune function and has implications for vaccine research.
Researchers discovered a molecular signature in patients who responded to the anti-asthma drug amlexanox, which showed significant improvements in blood glucose levels. The study reveals a potential new therapeutic approach for treating type 2 diabetes and identifies key gene changes associated with the beneficial effects.
Researchers at the University of Washington have invented a battery-free cellphone that harnesses ambient power from radio signals and light to make calls. The device uses vibrations in the microphone or speaker to encode speech patterns in reflected radio signals, allowing for real-time communication without batteries.
Researchers have developed a method to visualize cancer metastasis in whole organs at the single-cell level, enabling early detection of dormant or resistant cancer cells. This breakthrough uses transparent mice and advanced imaging techniques to create 3-D maps of cancer cells throughout the body and organs.
Researchers at DGIST have successfully measured zebrafish's multi-channel electroencephalogram (EEG) using a non-invasive method. This breakthrough enables precise observation and study on the generation of EEG in specific areas of the brain, with potential applications in developing new drugs for epilepsy syndrome.
Scientists in Japan develop a method to image cancer at the single-cell level, revealing cancerous colonies in detail. The technique allows researchers to track cancer cells as they multiply and metastasize, providing insight into metastatic pathways.
The study used FReI to investigate the folding stability and dynamics of proteins in hydrogels, revealing that hydrogels increase protein stability, speed up folding relaxation, and promote irreversible binding. The findings suggest that proteins may be destabilized when interacting with hydrogels.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have developed a new method to screen brain tumor cells and identify potential drug targets. The team found 57 genes required for cancer cell survival in the brain, but not in traditional laboratory culture, suggesting a new avenue for therapeutic development.
A large-scale study found that higher body mass index (BMI) is associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. The study, which included over 119,000 participants, also showed that higher BMI was linked to higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
Teleia Taumanu, a high school student from Arizona, is part of the Stand Up To Cancer and PBS LearningMedia program. She will work under Dr. Haiyong Han to study zebrafish related to pancreatic cancer research, exploring its connection to DNA repair mechanisms.
Research by Lancaster University found that remote Amazonian cities are more vulnerable to environmental pollution, contaminated water, and health risks. Experts emphasize the need for 'adaptive capacity' through improved public services and disaster response planning to mitigate these effects.
An international research team has successfully brought Maxwell's Demon to life using superconducting circuits. The team observed the demon gain useful energy from a thermodynamic system, bypassing the second law of thermodynamics, and tracked how information is stored in its memory.
Scientists developed a method to compare climate model sensitivities with historical data, showing good agreement. Accounting for slow mode feedback, the temperature range of climate sensitivity from historical data is consistent with climate models, implying a higher sensitivity to carbon dioxide emissions.
By 2040, over 1.2 million people will live with dementia in England and Wales, mainly due to longer lifespans. The incidence of new cases is declining, but overall prevalence is expected to rise substantially.
A new study found that patients with pre-existing serious health conditions, such as heart disease or Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), may experience a delay of up to 26 days in receiving a bowel cancer diagnosis. This can lead to more severe outcomes and poorer treatment options.
Researchers at Linkoping University discovered that lutein can suppress long-term inflammation in patients with coronary artery disease. The study found that higher levels of lutein were associated with lower levels of inflammatory markers and reduced inflammatory activity in immune cells.
Nicholas Katsanis, Director of the Center for Human Disease Modeling at Duke University, receives the 2017 Curt Stern Award for his groundbreaking research on ciliary disorders. The award recognizes his work on signaling roles of cilia and mechanisms behind rare genetic disorders.
A new study in Biological Psychiatry found that people with Tourette's disorder and chronic tic disorder are over four times more likely to die by suicide than the general population. Persistent tics into adulthood were a strong predictor of suicide risk, with patients nearly four times more likely to attempt suicide.
Tropical Depression Nanmadol transitioned into an extra-tropical storm, losing tropical characteristics. The remnants were captured by NASA's Aqua satellite on July 5, showing a cold core system with clouds and thunderstorms pushed east of the center.
Aalto University researchers demonstrate that each photon is accompanied by an atomic mass density wave, transferring 92% of the total momentum of light in silicon. This resolves the long-standing momentum paradox of light, which had two different values due to neglecting atomic motion with the light pulse.
Researchers have adapted a diagnostic test for malaria to predict post-treatment anemia risk with 89% sensitivity and 73% specificity. The BinaxNOW malaria kit measures HRP2 remnants on red blood cells, offering a potential alternative to mandatory monitoring for high-risk patients.
Rice University scientists simplify synthesis of precursor molecules for biologically active compounds, enabling cheaper and more sustainable drug design. The new method uses hydroxylamine O-sulfonic acid to produce aziridine molecules at room temperature in a few hours.
A study by Massey University and the USGS found that Indiana bats that warm up together from hibernation have better survival rates against white-nose syndrome. Thermal surveillance cameras revealed that these bats rouse together every night, suggesting group arousals may be associated with disease survival.
A Georgia State University study found that early-life inflammatory pain increases sucrose intake and decreases memory-related protein expression in adult rats, with female rats showing more pronounced effects. The study suggests that preventing pain in premature infants may reduce the risk of obesity.
A new UCL study found that looking away from the sound source while focusing on another one can lead to slower reactions and increased listening effort. The researchers used EEG to monitor brain activity in participants, revealing an increase in oscillatory neural activity when gaze was misaligned with auditory attention.
Nobuo Sato received a $10,000 grant to apply his knowledge of Quantum Chromodynamics to understand the protons and neutrons in everyday matter. His calculations involve parton distribution functions and transverse momentum distributions.
A study of single-mother-by-choice families found no differences in parent-child relationships or child development compared to heterosexual two-parent families. However, single-mothers-by-choice had a significantly higher social support network, which was valued as crucial for their well-being.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have observed the Higgs amplitude mode with an infinite lifetime, providing new insights into exotic materials. The discovery was made using sophisticated neutron scattering techniques in a two-dimensional material.
A University of Michigan study finds that low-income mothers view television as a positive tool when watching parent-approved educational programming with their child. The study also highlights the importance of parental mediation and setting limits on screen time, especially for obesity prevention.
Leading experts advocate for global standards on stem cell therapies, warning that unregulated advertising can harm patients. The University of Edinburgh group calls for stricter regulations and coordinated action to tackle the issue.
The Sahel region could receive significantly more rainfall, potentially transforming from a dry to a wet area, as temperatures rise beyond the Paris Climate Agreement's limit. This sudden change poses a huge adaptation challenge for an already troubled region with over 100 million people affected.
The UNC School of Medicine, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, and other health professions schools will establish clinical experiences for students in rural areas of North Carolina, launching the UNC Rural Interprofessional Health Initiative (RIPHI). The program aims to improve health disparities and develop a health workforce prepared ...
A study by Babraham Institute and Weizmann Institute reveals genes are constantly rearranged in cells, changing their positions to fine-tune gene expression. Researchers collected data from over 4,000 individual cells using single-cell Hi-C technology, providing unique insights into genome organisation.
Researchers at the University of York have found that parasites responsible for leishmaniasis are mainly acquired from the skin rather than through blood transfusions. This discovery challenges current treatment methods and highlights the importance of measuring parasite levels in the skin to assess treatment success.
The lab's integrated computational model reduces uncertainty in climate predictions by coupling Earth systems with energy models. A secure platform developed for the Department of Veterans Affairs promises to improve health outcomes for millions of veterans.
A team of researchers explores the disproportionate ecological importance of small natural features, highlighting their significant impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services. These elements, such as salt marshes and rocky outcrops, are often overlooked but can provide resources that limit key populations or support unusual diversity.
Researchers at MIT and Stanford developed a 3D chip that integrates computing and data storage, overcoming communication bottlenecks. The chip uses carbon nanotubes and RRAM cells, enabling dense and fine-grained integration of computating and data storage.
A new global erosivity map shows significant variations in rainfall erosivity across different climatic regions, highlighting the need for soil degradation mitigation and restoration strategies. The map provides critical data for assessing soil erosion by water, flood risk, and natural hazard prevention.
A research team used micro-computer tomography to investigate the relationship between parasite and host masses, finding a positive correlation. This suggests that larger hosts support larger parasites. The study also sheds light on the life-cycle of parasitic barnacles, revealing two groups with different competitive strategies.
A study found that mice eating 30% fewer calories had a lower parasite load and lived longer. The parasite adapts by slowing its replication in response to host's nutritional status.
An international team has developed a new catalyst for producing high-purity hydrogen gas at low temperatures and pressures. This breakthrough could improve the efficiency of fuel cells that run on hydrogen fuel and reduce costs.
Three common conditions affecting varsity and professional athletes include symptomatic lumbar disk degeneration, lumbar disk herniation, and spondylolysis. Nonsurgical therapy is recommended as the first-line treatment for lower back conditions in elite athletes, with successful recovery rates reported.
Researchers from PolyU develop nanocomposite sensors that can be sprayed on flat or curved surfaces, enabling real-time information on structural health. The sensors have a low fabrication cost, light weight, and higher frequency response than conventional sensors.
A major conservation effort is underway to conserve the last remaining paintbrush lilies in Stellenbosch University Botanical Garden. The species, Haemanthus pumilio, has declined drastically due to habitat destruction and invasive species. The garden aims to increase the population through micropropagation and control burns.
A species of millipede called Pneumodesmus newmani was once believed to be the world's oldest known air-breathing land creature, but a new study reveals it is actually around 14 million years younger and cannot be considered as such.
Research reveals minnows prefer energetic shoalmates due to increased visual stimulation and potential hydrodynamic benefits. Higher metabolic rates in shoal mates may reduce predation risks for following fish.
Scientists found that certain compounds produced by gut bacteria can predict how animals will respond to high-fat diets, including weight gain and tolerance to glucose. The study uses urine chemical signatures to identify individuals at risk of obesity and related health conditions.
A new study by Oregon State University researchers found that American bullfrog embryos can learn about predators while still in the egg, developing faster and hiding more when exposed to predator signals. This allows them to avoid becoming vulnerable prey, making it harder to control their spread.
Researchers found that sulfide-producing bacteria, particularly Halanaerobium, dominate fractured well ecosystems in hydraulically fractured oil and gas wells. These microbes convert thiosulfates to sulfide through a poorly understood pathway, causing problems for drilling operations.
Researchers developed a mathematical model to reconcile temperature estimates from global climate models and paleoclimate records. They found that higher temperature ranges, up to 6 degrees Celsius, may be possible when long-term warming patterns are considered.
Researchers found that repetitive training using stereoscopic stimuli can improve reaction speed and processing time in athletes. After six training sessions, the athletes' processing time decreased significantly, and this ability remained stable for six months after the training ended.
A new study found that offering the New York University Caregiver Intervention (NYUCI) program to eligible Minnesota Medicaid enrollees could save $40.4 million over 15 years, with increased net savings of $52.2 million via video teleconferencing.
A retrospective cohort study of over 40,000 TBI patients found a significant increase in dementia risk after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury. Those with mild TBI had a 1.6% diagnosis rate, while those with moderate-to-severe TBI had a 3.5% diagnosis rate, highlighting the increased risk in middle-aged individuals.
A recent study by Medica Research Institute found that provider consolidation in the Minneapolis-St Paul market led to significant increases in physician prices. The study analyzed commercial claims data from 2006-2011 and found average physician prices to be 32-47% higher four years after the acquisitions.
An international team of astronomers suggests that the Milky Way contains a staggering number of brown dwarfs, with estimates ranging from 25 to 100 billion. The Substellar Objects in Nearby Young Clusters (SONYC) survey found that brown dwarfs are common in dense star clusters and have a small effect on their formation environment.
Research suggests that inferior synthetic horns can drive out wild horn suppliers through adverse selection, reducing poaching and driving down prices. Nonprofits could play a key role in producing these synthetic horns, promoting competition and increasing market supply.
A study found that competency-based cabin service training for airline flight attendants improves customer satisfaction levels. The training, which focuses on four nationally recognized competency-focused units, resulted in statistically significant differences in customer satisfaction ratings among passengers.
Researchers have created a whole-genome sequenced rice mutant resource to accelerate functional genetic research in plants. The new collection, KitBase, contains 1,504 lines with 45-fold coverage and identified 91,513 mutations affecting 32,307 genes.
A new report predicts that diabetes cases will continue to rise in sub-Saharan Africa, overwhelming health systems and crippling patients' finances. The economic cost of diabetes is expected to more than double, reaching up to $59.3 billion per year by 2030.
Researchers observe intense gas motions at filament junctions, indicating strong acceleration gradients and massive core formation. The study reveals that interstellar filaments and hub systems are privileged locations for forming the most massive stars in the Galaxy.
Researchers developed a model to explain human moral behavior in simulated scenarios, showing that machines can adopt human-like moral decision-making. The study has significant implications for self-driving cars and other autonomous systems, sparking debate about the role of morality in machine behavior.
Researchers at Brigham Young University identify four categories of Facebook users: those who use the platform to build relationships, share information with others, self-promote, and simply observe social media activity. The study sheds light on why people engage with Facebook in different ways.
Researchers have identified a specific gene mutation in myopathy, a type of muscle disease, and found it plays an essential role in muscle fibre integrity. The study uses a zebrafish model to provide new insights into the genetic basis of the disease.
Researchers argue that synaptic plasticity and intrinsic plasticity are crucial in forming physical memory traces in the brain. Intrinsic plasticity plays an important role in adapting to new information and experiences, often without changes to connections between neurons.
Researchers have developed a nanolock-nanopore sensor to detect a specific cancer mutation with single-molecule resolution. The approach can accurately identify disease-causing mutations in various types of cancer.
A comprehensive review found that 63% of Americans have not completed an advance directive, with chronic illness and age being key factors. The study emphasizes the importance of completing these documents to ensure end-of-life care preferences are respected.
A new study from the University of Warwick and King's College London found that digital communication methods can improve the health care experience of younger patients. The research, which involved case studies from 20 NHS specialist clinical teams, suggests that this approach can engage those who are otherwise disengaged and enhance ...
A new study examined the relationship between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and age-related cognitive change, finding no significant difference between participants with TBI and those without. The researchers suggest that future studies should collect more information on past TBIs to better understand their impact on cognitive decline.
A new RAND Corporation study reveals that black and Hispanic patients are more likely to receive care from poorer quality hospices. In contrast, caregivers of these patients report similar or better experiences within the same hospice compared to white patients.
A team of engineers at the University of Illinois has developed a mathematical technique to assess green roof performance, considering factors such as rainfall intensity and soil moisture. The study aims to facilitate communication between stakeholders about the financial risk and environmental benefits of green infrastructure.
A recent study published in Cell Metabolism found that brain-resident immune cells called microglia play a crucial role in driving overeating and weight gain in mice fed high-fat diets. The study suggests that targeting microglia could provide a novel approach to treating obesity, potentially avoiding side effects of existing medications.
Researchers at the University of Warwick discovered that phototrophic and heterotrophic bacteria collaborate to cycle nutrients, feeding the ecosystem. This interaction is crucial for maintaining a balanced nutrient level, supporting half of the planet's primary production and oxygen supply.
A new study from University of Arizona scientists has analyzed Greenland's past temperatures to better understand the island's vast ice sheet melting. The research found that current temperatures are warmer than the 1930s, with a long-term trend for ever-higher surface temperatures.
A comprehensive look at chemical sensitivity reveals its role in diseases like obesity, diabetes, and depression. The issue explores the mechanisms behind these conditions and the impact of commercial interests on environmental medicine.
A study published in Cell Metabolism found that high glycogen levels actually impair endurance muscle performance in mice. Glycogenin-deficient mice underperformed normal mice despite having higher glycogen levels, suggesting a switch from oxidative to glycolytic metabolism in slow-twitch muscles.
Researchers from McGill University Health Centre cracked the code to understanding regulatory T cell function, a key component of our immune system. The study's findings have significant implications for treating autoimmune diseases such as arthritis and Crohn's disease.
A study by Harvard University researchers found that psychopaths' brains prioritize short-term gains, leading to poor decision-making and violent behavior. The research used brain scans of nearly 50 prison inmates, revealing a specific connection between the ventral striatum and prefrontal cortex.
A new study published in Nature reveals that the West Antarctic Ice Sheet has experienced significant and sustained ice loss over the past 11,000 years, driven by wind-driven incursions of warm water. The research provides crucial insights into the mechanisms behind this ice sheet's behavior and its contribution to sea-level rise.
Researchers found that patients with diabetes have lower levels of substance P in their tears, indicating corneal nerve damage. Substance P measurement may become a non-invasive test to assess the risk of diabetic neuropathy.
Researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham have developed a novel method for one-step protein purification that improves yield, purity, and activity by 10- to 500-fold. The CL7/Im7 affinity chromatography purification scheme overcomes weaknesses of current commercially available systems.
Astronomers Dr Jane Greaves and Dr Wayne Holland propose a new model for forming planets in the aftermath of a supernova explosion. They suggest that material caught up in the bow-wave around a moving neutron star could provide raw materials for future planet formation. Further data from ALMA is needed to confirm this theory.
Research published in Psychological Science shows that people are highly sensitive to the acceleration of scores, not just their actual value. This finding suggests that meaningless accelerating scores can be an effective motivator, as long as they increase at a fast rate.
The National Institutes of Health has instituted a policy to consider sex as a biological variable in funded research, with recommendations provided by coauthors Terri Lynn Cornelison and Janine Austin Clayton. Guidelines include including both male and female subjects in studies and generalizing findings appropriately.
A study analyzing five years of Ocean Health Index data for 220 countries found that global ocean health has remained stable, but individual countries have seen changes, particularly in the Arctic and sub-Arctic regions. Improvements in fishery management and marine protected areas may have stabilized ocean health scores in other regions.
Researchers found that wastewater-exposed rainbow darters had increased metabolic rates, suggesting they were under stress from environmental conditions. The presence of pathogenic bacteria in these fish was also linked to human infections such as food poisoning.
A new study found that a V.A. initiative to improve end-of-life care led to a substantial increase in the use of hospice among U.S. veterans. Hospice use grew at a rate twice as fast as the general Medicare population, with an estimated additional 17,046 veterans receiving hospice care between 2010 and 2014.
A study of over 40,000 Finnish adults with TBI found a significant link between TBI and dementia in working-age adults. The risk of dementia among TBI survivors remains high even years after the injury, suggesting that TBI may trigger a process leading to dementia.
Researchers found that black phosphorus can be tuned by enclosing it in the right way, opening new possibilities for its use. The material's band gap and optical absorption changed dramatically when encapsulated.
Researchers warn of increased risk of cryptosporidiosis due to drought conditions and inadequate water storage. Collaboration is key to reducing infection cases, say experts from the Australian National University.
A team of Penn State researchers has created 2D layered devices that can self-assemble at atomistic precision, enabling the production of high-efficiency devices such as flexible electronics and energy storage systems. The devices feature minute spacing between layers, which is crucial for achieving optimal performance.
A team of researchers used a low-cost Kinect scanner to create a high-resolution 3D scan of the T. rex skull, contradicting previous theories about the holes in its jawbone. The scan reveals that the angles at which the holes bore through the jaw are inconsistent with bite patterns, casting doubt on two popular hypotheses.
A new study suggests that the small molecule LM22A-4 can improve spatial memory and motor skill defects in Rett syndrome mice by enhancing synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. The treatment also shows promise for improving breathing problems associated with the disease.
Researchers found people can accurately determine social class from neutral faces with 53% accuracy, a level that exceeds random chance. Emotions mask life-long habits of expression on the face, which become visible as a person ages.
A personal neoantigen vaccine has been shown to stimulate a potent, safe, and highly specific immune response in melanoma patients. The vaccine targets distinctive 'neoantigens' on tumor cells, inducing a focused T cell response against several tumor neoantigens.