A major study has linked genetic variants to their molecular effects in the brain, revealing new mechanisms of diseases. The findings provide a roadmap for development of new therapies for psychiatric conditions. Thousands of RNA molecules are dysregulated in autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
A new study examines dialysis reimbursement policies worldwide, revealing significant disparities in access to care. The research suggests that high-income countries spend more on dialysis but have a lower percentage of healthcare budget allocated to it compared to low- and middle-income countries.
The MYSTIC trial found that first line immunotherapy combination with durvalumab and tremelimumab does not improve overall survival in unselected patients with lung cancer. However, a subgroup of patients with high tumour mutational burden showed improved overall survival with the combination treatment.
Researchers tested rats on GM maize MON 810 and NK603 for 6 months, using high-throughput biology techniques. No significant biological markers were found, and anatomic pathology examination revealed no alteration of organs. The study does not detect any harmful effects of the GMOs on rat health or metabolism.
Researchers found that teens who used cognitive reappraisal had better metabolic measures, while those who suppressed emotions had more inflammation. The study suggests that emotion regulation strategies developed in adolescence can affect health later in life.
A study has identified 66 alien plant and animal species that could pose the greatest threat to European biodiversity in the coming decade. These invasive species are likely to arrive via shipping or trade, with aquatic species being most at risk.
A new study found that noncoding mutations in promoter regions contribute to autism risk. The researchers analyzed data from 1,902 families and identified de novo mutations in genes involved in neuronal differentiation and developmental delay.
A new study by Columbia University Professors Charles Branas and Jeffrey Fagan found that US blacks face a significantly lower life expectancy due to firearm-related deaths, with substantially higher homicide rates among young black Americans contributing to this disparity.
A new study models potential habitat for the Asian longhorned tick in North America, suggesting a large swath of eastern US could be suitable. The tick's adaptable nature and ability to reproduce via parthenogenesis make it a significant public health concern, with over 300,000 people infected with Lyme disease each year.
Researchers at Princeton University analyzed 500,000 YouTube videos and 2.1 million Pinterest pins, finding that only 10% of affiliate marketing content on YouTube and 7% on Pinterest had disclosures about paid relationships. The study highlights the need for better transparency in social media marketing.
Researchers discovered shared and virus-specific mechanisms used by dengue and Zika viruses to counteract human and mosquito immune defense, hijack host proteins, and disrupt brain development. They found that Zika virus causes microcephaly in fruit flies by disrupting the function of ANKLE2 protein.
Researchers at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory found that twisted magnetic field lines in black holes create the most powerful particle accelerators in the universe. This process can accelerate electrons and protons to extreme energies, resulting in cosmic rays with unprecedented powers.
The National Science Foundation is partnering with federal agencies to expand its STEM diversity program and create new graduate internship opportunities. The partnerships aim to increase diversity in the STEM workforce and remove barriers to STEM careers.
Cameron R. Homeyer, a University of Oklahoma meteorologist, will lead a $30 million NASA-funded project to investigate the impact of summer storms on the stratosphere's chemistry. The five-year project aims to understand how these storms affect ozone depletion and the potential for increased water in the stratosphere.
Researchers have identified a molecular mechanism that allows tumor cells to eliminate their neighbors through mechanical competition. The study found that compressed cells are killed by modulated EGFR/ERK signal, which is decreased and then leads to cell death. This discovery suggests a potential therapeutic strategy to halt tumor growth
Researchers at Kazan Federal University developed cryptographic algorithms for quantum networks, which can facilitate fast and secure information transfer. The algorithms, known as quantum hash functions, can protect against mistakes and be used for authentication in various areas.
Scientists and engineers will collaborate on a new Climate Modeling Alliance to advance climate modeling and prediction. The goal is a climate model that projects future changes more accurately, with uncertainties at least half the size of existing models.
Researchers at Purdue University have discovered a new material that can store and retrieve data quickly without consuming too much power. The material, molybdenum ditelluride, allows for faster switching between high and low resistance states, which can increase the rate of storing and retrieving information.
Amie Blaszczyk, a TTUHSC faculty member, has been awarded the Armon Neel Senior Care Pharmacist award by ASCP. She is recognized for her expertise in geriatric pharmacotherapy and commitment to improving senior care.
Researchers have developed new techniques to identify which of our genes are influenced by ancient viral DNA snippets, revealing complex interactions between viruses and human genetic material. The study found that a single transposon can control multiple genes, increasing the complexity of its impact on health and disease.
A new gold recycling method has been developed using pyridinethiols and hydrogen peroxide, allowing for efficient extraction of gold from electronic waste. The process produces a stable cationic gold-containing product in organic solution, with nearly quantitative dissolution of gold after 20 minutes.
Researchers have developed a novel platinum-cobalt core-shell alloy catalyst that improves the utilization of platinum in fuel cells, enabling the use of smaller amounts of the costly precious metal. The new catalyst also enhances durability compared to previous technologies.
Scientists have observed a previously unrecognized swarming behavior in Spironucleus vortens, a single-celled parasite infecting ornamental fish. The swarm exhibits highly coordinated movement, suggesting interactions between the flagellates, which may contribute to its life cycle and lead to novel treatments.
Researchers discover that exercise-induced hormone irisin activates cells responsible for bone remodeling in mice. The study reveals irisin's impact on sclerostin, a major cellular regulator of bone structure, and holds promise for future osteoporosis treatments.
Jakoah Brgoch aims to improve energy efficiency in LED lighting by developing new materials and algorithms. He will use machine learning to identify new phosphors and predict material behavior under temperature changes.
A systematic review of clinical studies on prurigo nodularis treatment found neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists to be the most promising emerging therapies. The study highlights the need for higher-powered studies and randomized controlled trials to better evaluate treatment options.
A comprehensive review assesses growing climate change science, strengthening the Endangerment Finding's conclusion on public health risks. The study highlights new evidence on climate change impacts, including extreme weather events, ocean acidification, and national security threats.
A new study found that a probiotic supplement reduced hospitalization time and in-patient treatment for patients with mania. The results suggest that modulating the intestinal microbiota could be a new treatment avenue for patients suffering from psychiatric mood disorders.
A new hydrothermal vent field, JaichMaat, has been discovered using submarine robotics. The vent field features multiple mounds with unique geological and geochemical characteristics, supporting diverse microbial and animal communities. Detailed maps allow for the quantification of these communities in relation to geologic features.
A UCL-led study confirms that some vials of discontinued hormone used in medical treatments contained seeds of a protein implicated in Alzheimer's disease. The research found that these seeds can seed amyloid pathology in mice and supports the team's hypothesis that amyloid beta was accidentally transmitted to patients via this treatment.
A phase 2 trial found that an oral spray containing THC-CBD reduced spasticity in adults with motor neuron disease, improving muscle tone and pain levels. The treatment was well-tolerated and showed promise as a potential option for managing symptoms.
A recent study by Medical University of Vienna professor Leopold Eckhart reveals the key molecular and evolutionary origins of mammalian adaptations in skin proteins. The research found that fully aquatic mammals require only one set of epidermal keratins, suggesting a unique evolutionary path.
Scientists at the Salk Institute discovered a complex gene regulation network that helps plants cope with DNA damage. The research identified approximately 2,400 genes responding to DNA damage, with only 200 directly activated by SOG1, revealing its 'hands-off' overseer role.
A new study reveals that fecal bacteria from sewage are thriving in near-shore sediments of the Hudson River, with potential health risks for swimmers and kayakers. The researchers found high levels of bacteria in both water and sediment at some sites, suggesting an interchange between the two.
Researchers at Lund University have mapped the maturation process of natural killer cells, which play a key role in fighting cancer and infections. The study found that Notch signaling is essential for NK cell development and function, highlighting its potential as a target for immunotherapies.
Researchers found 121 new millipede trackways in Ordovician sedimentary rocks, contradicting the current understanding of animal life on land. The discovery sheds light on a key evolutionary event and highlights the importance of ancient rock records in understanding global change.
Researchers used mass spectrometry to analyze Zhu Ling's hair samples and establish a timeline of her thallium poisoning. The study found that Ling was exposed to multiple doses of thallium, with increasing frequency and concentration, over a period of four months.
Researchers developed a new device to measure and control an optically trapped nanoparticle's motion with subatomic resolution. The device uses a light-guiding nanoscale device to monitor the particle's position with unprecedented sensitivity.
Researchers have revealed the brain mechanism behind the uncontrollable itch-scratching cycle. A small subset of neurons in the periaqueductal gray region tracks itch-evoked scratching behavior. The study provides a starting point to decipher how itch is processed and modulated in the brain.
A new study found that concussion rates among youth football players ages 5-14 were higher than previously reported, with 5% of players sustaining a football-related concussion each season. The study also identified factors that increase the risk of concussion, such as prior injury and depression.
A new study found that cancer patients, particularly those with blood-related cancers, have a significantly higher risk of developing shingles due to the virus reactivating later in life. New shingles vaccines offer great promise as a strategy to prevent shingles and its complications in cancer patients.
The NSF's Discovery Research PreK-12 program has awarded over $50 million to enhance STEM education for students and teachers across 24 US states and the US Virgin Islands. The grants focus on research-based projects that strengthen teaching, learning, and assessment in pre-K through grade 12 settings.
Research found that global water supplies are shrinking as soils dry out due to climate change, leading to drought-like conditions. Despite intense rain, large rivers are drying out, and urban flooding is becoming more common.
Researchers have reviewed recent developments in monoamine transporter inhibitor design, including structure-activity relationships and binding modes. The study highlights potential applications for these inhibitors in treating depression and behavioral disorders.
Researchers found that frequent violent video game players were more accurate in identifying rotated target images despite being shown distracting graphic content. This suggests a link between violent media exposure and altered perception, with players less affected by emotional disruptors.
Researchers found lower overall brain volumes and altered connectivity associated with callous traits in children. The study provides a neural profile of callousness in children, highlighting its potential as an early risk factor for negative behaviors and health outcomes later in life.
A new study found that a strong parental relationship can change how children perceive environmental cues, overriding some negative effects of violence or poverty. The study used fMRI to observe activity in the amygdala and found that mothers' positive expressions reduced fearful responses in younger children.
A recent study by the University of Waterloo found that mental health patients unable to perform basic activities experience significantly longer discharge delays. Researchers identified cognitive impairment, age, and socio-demographic factors as key predictors of delayed discharges.
A new study reveals southwestern Amazonia as a secondary improvement center for early maize, contradicting previous understanding of its history. The analysis of ancient grains' genetic heritage provides insight into human-mediated evolutionary processes that led to one of the world's most important staple crops.
A Northwestern University study found that exercise improves women's mood and body satisfaction, but instructor comments play a crucial role. Women who received health-focused comments reported increased positive emotions and self-satisfaction, whereas those with appearance-focused comments felt ashamed and disgusted. The study highlig...
Researchers discovered that septins can detect where bacteria will split for division and prevent it from doing so by forming cage-like structures around the bacteria. This finding provides new clues to stop the spread of deadly infections, including Shigella, a 'superbug' deemed a priority by the World Health Organization.
Researchers found that certain E. coli strains trigger protective immune responses while others evade them, leading to recurrent infections. The study suggests developing broad-spectrum vaccines should consider the diverse pathogens encountered in the community.
The NSF-funded E-CAS project will investigate the viability of commercial clouds for leading-edge research computing, with Amazon Web Services and Google Cloud Platform as initial providers. The project aims to accelerate scientific discoveries by leveraging cloud computing capabilities.
A collaborative research team examined predictive models used to forecast wind farm effects, revealing the importance of model resolution in simulating weather patterns. Higher vertical and horizontal resolutions improved simulations, but more study is needed to optimize wind energy deployment.
Researchers found that schistosomiasis is associated with increased HIV transmission, acquisition in uninfected women, and mortality in infected women. Treating schistosomiasis may be a cost-effective way to reduce new HIV cases and death rates among HIV-positive individuals.
A new study found that regular visits to museums, theatres, or cinemas can lower the chances of developing depression in people over 50. The research also showed that cultural activities have similar benefits to exercise and eating a balanced diet for mental health.
Astronomers use Hubble to detect a second 'very warm' Neptune losing its atmosphere at an unprecedented rate, shedding light on the mysterious hot-Neptune deficit. The planet's evaporation may be linked to its star's intense radiation and age.
Two UT Austin engineers, Hal Alper and Alex Huang, have been selected as fellows in the prestigious National Academy of Inventors. Their research has led to significant innovations in biochemical engineering and power semiconductor device technology, resulting in seven U.S.-issued patents and technologies licensed to several companies.
Engineers at the University of Washington have developed a sensing system that can ride on top of a bumblebee, allowing for long-term data collection without power constraints. The system uses a tiny rechargeable battery and a receiver to triangulate the bee's position, enabling precise location tracking.
A new study reveals that testosterone use can significantly increase bone mineral density (BMD) in HIV-infected men. In particular, testosterone was associated with a higher BMD score at the lumbar spine in virologically suppressed individuals.