Researchers at Texas Biomed are investigating the role of DNA methylation in Hispanic childhood obesity. The four-year grant aims to understand how changes in genes and proteins contribute to obesity and potentially develop targeted treatments.
Research from Washington State University reveals that suppressing negative emotions in front of children can lead to decreased responsiveness and positivity in kids. Parents who express negative emotions in a healthy way are more likely to provide guidance, exhibit warmth, and foster problem-solving skills in their children.
Researchers at the University of Arizona are working on a groundbreaking study to regenerate long bone segments using 3D printing and adult stem cells. The goal is to improve treatment outcomes for military personnel with devastating injuries, where current surgical treatments often fail.
Researchers found pesticide residues in 83% of soil samples from 11 European countries, highlighting the persistence of pesticides in the land. The study suggests that mixes of pesticides are more common than single types, posing a risk to non-target species.
A new study by McGill University researchers suggests that clinical trials may promote the use of ineffective and costly treatments, particularly with blockbuster pain drug pregabalin. The researchers found that despite strong evidence supporting pregabalin's effectiveness for certain conditions, many studies failed to conduct rigorous...
A recent study of amber-preserved blood-sucking insects and ticks reveals that malaria-causing microorganisms date back at least 100 million years, with evidence of pathogens carried by ancient vectors found in fossilized amber from around the world.
Brazilian researchers clarify aquatic dune dynamics, contradicting conventional models. Their findings have applications in understanding Martian terrain and optimizing oil flows.
Archaeologists and scientists studied ancient Maya shells and tissue samples, leading to the first molecular study of freshwater mussels in Mexico and Central America. The study provided crucial insight into North American freshwater mussel evolution and revealed that some species were overestimated due to lack of DNA data.
Research at Hokkaido University found that the body's stress response is weaker in the evening, potentially making individuals more susceptible to stress. Cortisol levels were significantly higher in volunteers who took a morning stress test compared to those who took an evening test.
A study in the Journal of the American Osteopathic Association notes that elderly gun owners with dementia are at a high risk of suicide and accidental shootings. The authors argue that public policy, such as red flag laws, can help mitigate this risk by removing firearms from patients with cognitive impairment.
Researchers at UNSW Sydney have developed a compact sensor for accessing information stored in individual atoms, reducing the number of connections and gates required for scale-up. This breakthrough enables more efficient and sensitive qubit readout, a crucial step towards scalable quantum computing in silicon.
Researchers at the University of New Hampshire have discovered new materials that can convert sunlight and CO2 into building blocks for liquid fuels. These materials mimic the process of photosynthesis in green plants, offering a promising approach for recycling CO2.
Researchers at North Carolina State University found that drones can be used to count and make species-level identifications of marine megafauna, particularly in shallow marine environments. The technology offers a valuable platform for scientists and conservationists to study populations and inform conservation efforts.
A new study finds that effective management of local issues can mitigate the detrimental impact of future global environmental changes on marine organisms. The research highlights the importance of adjusting regulation associated with oil spill prevention to maximize resilience in marine ecosystems.
A study analyzing over 50,000 genomes identified 12 specific DNA fragments related to ADHD vulnerability, highlighting a polygenic hereditary basis and functional relevance. The research also reveals genetic overlaps with major depression, obesity, and other conditions.
Research suggests a link between PM2.5 exposure and higher daily rescue inhaler use in individuals with asthma. Reducing PM2.5 pollution could result in significant economic benefits, estimated at nearly $350 million annually.
A team of scientists has discovered a single-site, visible-light-activated catalyst that converts carbon dioxide into 'building block' molecules. The breakthrough could lead to the use of sunlight to turn a greenhouse gas into hydrocarbon fuels.
A team of scientists has identified a previously unknown protein structure that enables the controlled intake of potassium ions into cells. The discovery, published in Nature Communications, reveals a complex mechanism involving two inter-subunit half-channels and challenges existing theories on potassium transport.
A study by Drexel University researchers found that impaired kidney function is a leading predictor of sepsis patient mortality. The analysis, using data from 210,289 hospital visits, shows that subtle changes in organ function can lead to death, highlighting the need for closer monitoring.
Scientists at Tokyo Institute of Technology found that crystallinity at the electrode-electrolyte interface reduces resistance, resulting in high-performance batteries. The research aims to improve Li-ion batteries for modern electronic devices and electric vehicles.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center found that measuring circulating tumor DNA in blood samples can reveal early stages of cancer growth and spread. The study discovered new treatment options for some patients with melanoma who had mutations not detected by genetic profiling.
Scientists at UD aim to improve battery performance by introducing tapers into polymer membrane electrolytes, increasing conductivity and processing speed. The goal is to create more impact-resistant and safer batteries for devices like cell phones, laptops, and electric vehicles.
New research suggests that adolescents with conduct problems are more likely to use cannabis and develop a disorder. The study found no link between cannabis use and increased behavior problems among teens.
Researchers found that people with recent cancer diagnoses tend to prioritize short-term gains over long-term health benefits, leading to behaviors like excessive drinking, smoking, and infrequent tanning bed use. This 'discounting the future' phenomenon can be a significant risk factor for various health problems.
A study by Penn State researchers found that there are five distinct classes of people with alcohol use disorder, each characterized by specific symptoms. Young adults were more likely to fit the profile with excessive drinking and withdrawal symptoms, while older adults struggled with cutting back on their drinking.
A team of Yale researchers has developed a novel, highly stable nanocoagulant that removes both suspended and dissolved contaminants from water in a single step. This breakthrough promises to significantly improve on centuries-old coagulant-based water treatment methods, addressing global water scarcity.
Tropical Storm Man-yi showed a small area of intense rainfall northeast of its center due to moderate wind shear. The storm is expected to transition into an extra-tropical cyclone by Nov 28, maintaining strength for another day.
A recent study has analyzed nearly 2,400 protein-coding genes to understand the family relationships and evolutionary history of Hemiptera insects. The findings reveal that piercing and sucking mouthparts likely evolved over 350 million years ago, providing insight into the group's diverse feeding strategies.
The American College of Physicians has released a set of principles to guide patient partnership in healthcare, aiming to improve health outcomes, practice efficiency, and patient satisfaction. The principles emphasize the importance of patients and families being active partners in their care, contributing to system development and ed...
A new study from the University of Eastern Finland found that strong opioids increase the risk of hip fractures in people with Alzheimer's disease. The risk was highest in the first two months of opioid use, and was significantly higher for moderate to strong opioids.
A clinical trial found that a minimally invasive treatment for retinal detachment resulted in better visual acuity and reduced visual distortion compared to traditional surgery. The procedure, called pneumatic retinopexy (PnR), also showed significant cost benefits for healthcare systems.
The DFG funds two new Collaborative Research Centres at TU Dresden to investigate comprehensible software systems and correlated magnetism. The centres aim to create predictable and understandable computer systems, as well as develop materials with unique magnetic properties.
A Swedish study of 64 children with obesity found that approximately 30% achieved a lower weight category, with some progressing from severe to normal weight over four years. The program included regular advice on diet, physical activity, and sleep, with detailed dietary guidance and follow-up calls.
A new AI model has been developed to translate mouse model data to human disease conditions, increasing the accuracy of extrapolation by up to 50%. The model, known as Found In Translation (FIT), has been tested on 28 different human diseases and uncovered novel disease-associated genes.
The European Perinatal Health Report shows that stillbirth and neonatal mortality rates decreased in Europe in 2015 compared to 2010. However, the rate of decrease varied widely between countries, with some experiencing significant declines while others saw little change.
Electrical engineers at TU Darmstadt have designed a laser-driven electron accelerator that can be produced on a silicon chip, enabling inexpensive and compact particle accelerators. The design uses an alternating-phase focusing method to focus electrons in a narrow channel, promising applications in industry and medicine.
A new study suggests that a molecule called BMP8b could be used as a drug to increase the amount of brown fat in humans and make it more active. In mice, increasing BMP8b levels changed some white fat into brown fat, leading to increased energy burn and lower risk of heart attack. Further research is needed to confirm its effectiveness.
Scientists from the University of Sheffield have created zebrafish that carry the genetic change known to cause motor neurone disease. This breakthrough will accelerate pioneering research and experimental drug trials, which could lead to new treatments for the devastating neurogenerative disorder.
A multicenter study of 14,135 orthopaedic procedures found that overlapping surgeries did not increase complication rates and had lower hospital stay lengths. The researchers emphasize the importance of patient informed consent and disclosure of this practice.
The project aims to improve diabetes management for Latinos through telementoring sessions, empowering primary care providers with advanced training. La Clínica del Pueblo and George Washington University launched the first ECHO site in the region to address high diabetes prevalence and long waitlists.
A new study by the American Psychological Association finds that men with sexist attitudes may underestimate their power in relationships, leading to more aggressive behavior. The research suggests that this can create a vicious cycle, reinforcing stereotypes and damaging relationships.
The Wendelstein 7-X experiment achieved record-high plasma densities of up to 2 x 10**20 particles per cubic meter and temperatures of 20 million degrees Celsius. These results are significant milestones in fusion research, demonstrating the potential for stellarators to achieve high-quality confinement.
Researchers found that a fractional dose of the 17D yellow fever virus vaccine provided protective levels of antibodies for over 10 years after vaccination. This finding supports the use of fractional doses in mass vaccination campaigns before outbreaks and eliminates the need for booster shots.
Researchers at Walter and Eliza Hall Institute identified a new component of the cell death machinery, protein VDAC2, which plays a crucial role in driving apoptosis in cancer cells. The study reveals that VDAC2 helps Bax drive apoptosis and may fine-tune cancer cells' response to anti-cancer agents.
A new study found that breast cancer treatment correlates with accelerated biological aging and declines in cognitive function. Women who underwent breast cancer treatment several years earlier showed lower executive function scores, attention, and motor speed due to higher DNA damage and lower telomerase activity.
Researchers found that businesses are implementing biodiversity offsets at a rapid rate globally, with over 10,000 examples of nature sites created specifically to compensate for industrial impacts. The study published in Nature Sustainability provides the first global dataset for assessing the effectiveness of these offsets.
Researchers have discovered a new chemical process in bacteria that could lead to the development of new antibiotics. The biosynthetic pathway includes an enzyme called carboxylase, which adds CO2 to a precursor molecule producing a highly unusual antibiotic called malonomycin.
Researchers from Kanazawa University investigated gut microbiota effects on kidney function and discovered that the gut microbiota produces D-serine, a substance protective for the kidney. Administering D-serine to normal mice mitigated kidney injury, suggesting its potential as a biomarker or medication for acute kidney injury.
A study published in JAMA Pediatrics reveals that most Zika-exposed fetuses have normal brain development, contrary to initial fears. However, severe congenital brain abnormalities were detected in a small percentage of cases, highlighting the need for continued monitoring and research.
A study by Kyoto University found that microcredit programs in Bangladesh increased rice yield and overall crop farm income. Households also showed a higher adoption of hybrid and high-yield rice varieties. Additionally, there was a positive effect on cultivating owned land and livestock ownership.
A recent study of 89 fishing communities in East Africa reveals that neighborly agreements are uncommon, highlighting the challenges of sustainable use and the tragedy of the commons dilemma. The researchers found that predictable factors like activities proposed and historical context influence perceptions of costs and benefits.
Economic inequality and political divergence can lead to instability in democracies. Social media algorithms also play a role in distorting public opinion and creating false consensus effects. The researchers argue that a better understanding of complex systems is needed to preserve democratic institutions.
Researchers developed a new machine learning method that allows AI to make classifications without negative data, a crucial component in traditional classification technology. This breakthrough enables AI systems to function effectively even when limited by data regulation or business constraints.
A recent study identified a gene that regulates alcohol metabolism and found associations between this gene and risk for depression and other psychiatric disorders. The study also discovered different variants in the same gene affect risk levels in European and African populations.
A new study has identified a novel molecular driver of lethal prostate cancer and a molecule that could be used to attack it. The findings, if confirmed in humans, could lead to more effective ways to control certain aggressive types of prostate cancer.
Researchers created a cannabis chromosome map, detailing gene arrangement on chromosomes, published in Genome Research. The study reveals ancient colonization by viruses, which influenced the production of THC and CBD, lesser-known cannabinoids.
Physicists from the University of Würzburg have successfully manipulated a molecule into two stable states by controlling its environment using an electrical field. This breakthrough could enable the creation of molecular switches for spintronics applications, a promising technology for future data processing.
A new specialist programme at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust has been shown to significantly reduce hospital readmissions for people with bipolar disorder. The OPTIMA Mood Disorders Service provides intensive, specialist treatment tailored to individual needs, resulting in lower rates of re-admission.
Researchers at Duke University and UC San Diego have discovered a new class of carbides that are harder and lighter than current materials, with high melting points. The five-metal carbides, which rely on disorder for stability, may find use in industries such as machinery, hardware, and aerospace.
A new study suggests that playing a season of contact sports like youth football can affect normal gray matter pruning in the brain. Researchers found significant increases in power and gray matter volume in the frontal default mode network in high-impact players.