The Southern Risk Management Education Center named two University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture (UTIA) projects among its top three for 2018. Advanced Online Marketing Strategies helped 567 farmers reach customers, while Implementing Biosecurity measures positively impacted producers to the tune of $328,000.
KAIST chemists have synthesized seven different iboga and post-iboga natural products from catharanthine, mirroring nature's biosynthetic post-modification of the iboga skeleton. The novel strategy involves selective oxidation and rearrangement reactions, offering a stepping stone for developing therapeutic medications against cancer a...
A fast new way to check nutrient levels in grasslands allows farmers to quickly monitor changes and adapt grazing methods. Overgrazing below 7cm significantly reduces protein and digestibility.
Whales and dolphins use a narrow beam of high intensity sound to find food in dark or murky waters; size affects the ability to focus this sense.
Scientists at La Jolla Institute for Immunology have created an immune cell atlas, DICE, to decipher how natural genetic variation shapes the immune system's ability to protect health. The database provides detailed profiles of 15 immune cell types and 91 healthy donors, revealing a wide impact of genetic variation on gene activity.
An international study published in Blood highlights the urgent need for better treatment strategies for patients with severe combined immune deficiency (SCID). The study found that survival rates were higher after cell transplants from matched sibling donors and that young age and absence of active infection were key factors for impro...
Patients with biliary tract cancer and small intestine adenocarcinoma have responded well to a combination of dabrafenib and trametinib, surviving longer without disease progression. The median overall survival time was 11.3 months, with some patients surviving up to two years.
A study found that women face discriminatory attitudes in the Russian public administration, with many preferring male bosses and experiencing bias in hiring. Women often choose informal power over formal promotion, citing societal expectations and physical attractiveness.
The 5-year project will investigate diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) in former NFL players. Researchers will track up to 2,500 players with annual follow-up health assessments to examine associations between clinical outcomes and abnormal tau buildup.
Scott Bolton, associate vice president of SwRI's Space Science and Engineering Division, receives the 2018 American Ingenuity Award from Smithsonian Magazine for his work on NASA's Juno mission. The mission has revealed complex, turbulent structures around Jupiter, including iconic belts and zones, Earth-sized cyclones, and a lumpy mag...
Purdue University researchers have developed a technology that uses nanoparticles to target cancerous cells and tumors, providing more effective and safer chemotherapy treatment. The method has been tested on breast cancer and melanoma models and shows promise for treating various types of cancerous tumors.
Physicists at University of Warsaw propose infinite-dimensional symmetry that unifies all four fundamental forces of nature. This scheme anticipates the existence of new particles with unusual properties, potentially present in our surroundings.
The Northeast Ohio Medical University's College of Medicine took first place at the Directors of Clinical Skills Conference with a study on the importance of touch in showing physician empathy. The presentation used standardized videos to validate students' inclination to show empathy and alleviated concerns about touching patients.
This special issue examines the connections between diet and health, covering topics such as optimal fat intake, gut symbionts, meal size and frequency, and sports nutrition practices. The reviews highlight the need for well-designed studies to resolve the best diet for individuals and how it varies with activity and life stages.
Min Si, an assistant computer scientist at Argonne National Laboratory, has received the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Award for Excellence in High Performance Computing. Her research focuses on dynamic communication models and runtime systems for heterogeneous environments.
A Swedish study found no correlation between growing up with hypoallergenic breeds and a lower risk of asthma in children. However, female dogs were associated with a 16% lower asthma risk, while living with two or more dogs reduced the risk by 21%.
A study using animal-attached technology has revealed that animals using high-risk food-finding strategies are particularly susceptible to extinction. The research found that these animals fail to gather food for their young before they starve, leading to catastrophic results.
Researchers at Harvard's Wyss Institute have created a novel yeast biohybrid system using an adaptable light-harvesting semiconductor approach. The innovation enables the production of complex chemicals by harnessing energy from light, significantly enhancing product yields and opening up new paths for biomanufacturing.
The Bloomberg American Health Initiative releases a special supplement to Public Health Reports addressing five urgent US health challenges. The supplement features articles and commentaries on addiction and overdose, violence, obesity and the food system, environmental challenges, and adolescent health.
The study reveals that holes form a magnetic state in cuprates, stabilizing the antiferromagnetic state and increasing with doping. This process is believed to be responsible for high-temperature superconductivity in these materials.
A multidisciplinary team of researchers from Karolinska Institutet in Sweden has developed a new anti-inflammatory drug molecule that inhibits inflammation by targeting a protein involved in the repair of oxygen damage to DNA. The discovery could lead to new treatments for inflammatory diseases such as sepsis, COPD, and severe asthma.
Researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia identify the USMG5 gene mutation as a common cause of Leigh Syndrome, a mitochondrial disease causing progressive muscle weakness and energy deficits. The study provides long-awaited answers for parents affected by the condition.
Inhalant abuse is a growing concern among teens, particularly those from disadvantaged backgrounds, with up to 125 deaths per year in the US. Deodorant spray contains butane, which can be toxic when inhaled.
A UCSF-led research consortium will investigate the causes and effects of traumatic brain injury (TBI) using a $3.45 million grant from the NFL's Play Smart. Play Safe initiative. The study aims to track patients over several years to advance understanding of TBI.
Researchers analyzed data from over 185 ground stations and found that half of the world's measured precipitation falls within a 12-day period, set to become even more skewed under climate change. This uneven distribution could lead to increased flooding and damage associated with extreme weather events.
Researchers have developed a CRISPR-based system called SLICE to rapidly assess gene function in primary immune cells, guiding decision-making for next-generation cell therapies. The new method identified genes that promote T cell replication and suppress it, revealing key regulators of proliferation.
A historian challenges the traditional view of the Domesday Book, a famous document created by William the Conqueror in 11th-century England. New research suggests that the final version of the book was compiled years after its initial publication, and that it was not the top-down, orderly bureaucratic enterprise previously thought to ...
A new study conducted by researchers at the University of Copenhagen has shown that faeces transplantation can significantly reduce the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in pigs born prematurely. The treatment involves transferring faeces from healthy donor pigs to the rectal opening, resulting in a 75% decrease in NEC cases...
A new study has found that footballers' health screens, including echocardiography and electrocardiography, do not always detect potentially critical heart problems. In fact, six players out of 595 tested negative for serious cardiovascular issues, highlighting the need for further screening and timely symptom reporting.
Researchers discovered trans-galactic streamers flowing into the most luminous galaxy in the universe, W2246-0526. The galaxy is stripping away material from three smaller neighbors, which will fuel its star-forming activity for hundreds of millions of years.
A Kansas State University researcher is studying the impact of sex hormones on trauma survival in both men and women. She aims to identify differences in response to medication and surgery after traumatic events and develop more effective treatments.
NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite captured an image revealing a cloud-filled eye in Tropical Cyclone Gaja. The storm is currently located near southeastern India and is expected to make landfall before Nov. 16.
Children with 'lazy eye' experience lower scholastic, social, and athletic scores compared to peers without the condition. Treatment for amblyopia may impact self-perception scores.
Students opt for juice on days it's offered, leading to reduced milk and whole fruit consumption. This substitution results in lower intakes of essential nutrients like calcium, vitamin D, and fiber.
The new guidelines provide an update to the previously published consensus on definition and diagnosis of sarcopenia. They include an easier way to screen for sarcopenia risk using a simple questionnaire, a systematic way to make the sarcopenia diagnosis, and suggestions for practical tools and tests at each step.
A recent study found that hydrogen peroxide generated by lactation suppresses microbial diversity during infant gut microbiota development. Mouse pups fed with breast milk had lower levels of Lactobacillus compared to those without LAO1 gene deletion.
Scientists from CNRS and partners have found a promising strategy for protecting neurons after a stroke, involving the extracellular matrix. The new approach, using an agent mimicking structural components of this matrix, has shown effectiveness in rats and may complement existing clot-elimination techniques.
A new study analyzed nearly 3,800 U.S. outbreaks from 2009 to 2016 and found that severe outcomes were more frequent in outbreaks caused by specific genotypes of norovirus, particularly GII.4. The research may guide efforts to develop vaccines effective against norovirus disease.
The 'smart skin' technology uses fluorescing carbon nanotubes to reveal stress in aircraft, bridges, or pipelines over entire surfaces or microscopic levels. It enables two-dimensional mapping of accumulated strain that can't be achieved by other non-contact methods.
A study found that people with a higher sensitivity to bitter caffeine taste drink more coffee due to learned positive reinforcement. Genetic variants play a role in this association, suggesting that our perception of bitter tastes contributes to beverage preferences.
A study by Stanford University researchers found that four Himalayan populations with different dietary histories have distinct gut microbiome compositions. The findings suggest that changes in human lifestyle can occur within a lifetime and may be driven by dietary factors.
Scientists at BESSY II discovered that mixed iron complexes can convert sunlight into electricity by releasing charge carriers. The findings suggest a new direction for developing inexpensive transition-metal complexes suitable for use in solar cells.
Two teams of astronomers uncovered the presumed precursor star in pre-explosion photos taken in 2007, shedding light on stellar evolution and mass distribution. The discovery suggests two possible scenarios: a single massive star or a binary-star system.
A new study published in The Lancet found that standard chemotherapy with cisplatin is more effective than cetuximab in treating HPV-positive throat cancer. Patients who received cisplatin had a significantly higher two-year overall survival rate and lower cancer recurrence rates compared to those on cetuximab.
Magnetic reconnection occurs daily near Earth due to twisting field lines and can create auroras or disrupt power grids. NASA's Magnetospheric Multiscale mission revealed the process flings particles symmetrically in Earth's magnetotail, unlike on the sunward side.
Researchers found that sustained periods of low Twitter activity were correlated with sleep patterns, while the nightly lull shifted to later times on weekends. The magnitude of 'Twitter social jet lag' varied seasonally and geographically, with the West Coast experiencing less lag.
Researchers tracked willow warblers' migration routes, finding they fly up to 13,000 km from eastern Siberia to Kenya and Tanzania. The study also identified alternative navigation mechanisms, including solar and magnetic compasses.
Researchers developed a method to simulate fullerene complexes, which can help understand their electron acceptor properties and electrostatic potential energy. The new model provides a better understanding of the relationships between electrons and fullerenes.
A new 'buddy system' of nursing education has been found to improve student learning and confidence by promoting collaborative decision-making. The 'Two Heads Are Better than One' method involves two students working together as one nurse, forcing them to prioritize and make clinical decisions, resulting in less anxiety and more robust...
A recent study published in Clinical Kidney Journal found that marijuana use by live kidney donors had no measurable impact on the outcomes of kidney transplants. The study, which reviewed over 290 living donor medical records, also showed no long-term differences in kidney function between marijuana users and non-users.
Researchers at IRB Barcelona develop peptide shuttle using scorpion venom to transport drugs across blood-brain barrier, improving efficacy for neurological treatments. The miniCTX3 peptide shows great efficiency in carrying compounds of different nature across the BBB.
The American Pediatric Society has recognized Dr. David K. Stevenson with the 2019 APS John Howland Award for his significant contributions to advancing academic pediatrics through clinical care, scientific discovery, mentorship, leadership, and service. Dr. Stevenson's pioneering work in neonatology has led to the development of new t...
Healthcare-associated infections persist in the EU/EEA, with 8.9 million cases annually, due to overuse of antimicrobials and varying infection prevention practices. The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) calls for continued action to address antimicrobial resistance in healthcare settings.
A team of researchers is using a $820,000 DARPA grant to design a new kind of chip that can automatically match software with hardware, significantly reducing the time it takes. The chip, called DASH-SoC, aims to achieve this in just five nanoseconds.
Astronomers have discovered a rare gamma-ray binary system, allowing for the study of particle acceleration in a unique environment. The system, consisting of a massive star and a rapidly rotating neutron star, was detected emitting high-energy particles accelerated by its strong magnetic field.
Astronomers found a dust-obscured quasar formed from a galaxy merger, revealing how mergers can power quasars and obscure them with dust. The study used ALMA to analyze the quasar WISE J224607.57?052635.0 and its companion galaxies.
Using 3D crystallography, researchers at Nagoya Institute of Technology study how particles shape up metal composites. They found that controlling particle distribution can improve the composite's strength and ductility, leading to better materials for applications like bridge suspension wires.
Researchers discovered that secretin stimulates appetite suppression and increased brown fat heat production in mice. Human volunteers showed similar results, suggesting a link between secretin and satiation. This finding may lead to new approaches for treating obesity.
Researchers are testing Precision Breast IORT, which uses advanced imaging to tailor radiation treatment and potentially improve outcomes for patients with early-stage breast cancer. The study aims to evaluate the technique's effectiveness in reducing breast cancer recurrence rates and immune-dampening effects.
The Nomad is a low-cost rotary wing vehicle designed for electronic warfare, featuring counter-rotating coaxial rotors and compact storage in an integrated launch tube. Patent licensing makes it available for repurposing in other applications, including commercial sales.