Researchers isolated and measured the weak force between protons and neutrons for the first time, revealing a mirror-asymmetric component of the force. The experiment used a unique apparatus to control neutron spin direction, detecting gamma rays emitted by interacting particles.
A new study by Rice University and other institutions reveals that UK scientists are significantly less religious than the general population. Elite scientists, particularly biologists, are more likely to never attend religious services.
Scientists at the University of Waterloo have created a powder that can capture CO2 from factories and power plants, offering a promising solution to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The powder is twice as efficient as conventional methods and has potential applications in water filtration and energy storage.
Researchers at Kansas State University have made a groundbreaking discovery in developing ultra-low noise, high-performance transistors using two-dimensional atomic thin materials. The breakthrough could pave the way for innovative technologies in electronics and sensing.
A phase three clinical trial found that sorafenib stopped progression of desmoid tumors for two years in 80 percent of patients who completed treatment. This is a significant increase in progression-free survival compared to placebo, with researchers describing it as 'a truly remarkable outcome'.
New analysis reveals stick insects first dropped eggs while hiding in foliage, and geographically isolated populations are more likely to be related than those with similar features. This discovery sheds light on the evolution of these enigmatic creatures.
Researchers used AI and satellite imagery to map the world's intertidal zones for the first time, revealing a significant loss of crucial ecosystems. The study exposed coastal communities to increased risk from storms and sea level rises, with over 1.4 billion people expected to live in coastal areas by 2060.
A new tool, DeepSolar, scans high-resolution images of the US for solar panels, registering their locations and sizes. Researchers found 1.47 million individual installations nationwide, correlating them with factors like income, education, and incoming solar radiation.
Researchers at Technical University of Munich discovered that immune cells attacking liver sinusoidal endothelial cells disrupts the organ's blood and nutrient supply, leading to overwhelming damage. A new perforin inhibitor agent has been identified to prevent this lethal process.
Economists offer a new view of how cartels work, finding that firms don't need extensive information-sharing to collude. In fact, reduced transparency can help firms undercut cartels and gain market share, according to the study published in the Journal of Political Economy.
Researchers have found that spiral surface patterns on liquid crystal sacs facilitate the delivery of molecules to specific locations within the body. The unique structure of these sacs, with its faceted tetrahedron shape and defects at four vertices, allows for controlled release of substances, enabling potential biomedical applications.
A new study reveals that even small changes in oxygen levels can have devastating effects on marine life, particularly tiny fish and zooplankton. These species are already pushed to their physiological limits in Oxygen Minimum Zones (OMZs) and may be forced into shallower waters with increased risk of predators.
Researchers at UNIGE have pinpointed the brain circuit responsible for addictive behavior in rodents. The study found that a stronger connection between decision-making and reward systems led to compulsive behavior, which could be regulated by artificially increasing or decreasing the activity of this circuit.
A team of researchers at the University of Sussex has developed a fast and energy-efficient simulation of part of a rat brain using off-the-shelf computer hardware. By leveraging Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), they achieved processing speeds up to 10% faster than current supercomputers, while reducing energy consumption by 10 times.
Researchers found that alcohol helps synchronize GABA cells, increasing dopamine release and dependency. The study provides new insights into the mechanism of addiction and could lead to targeted pharmacological treatments.
Aerobic exercise shows promise in improving cognitive function and reducing weight gain in schizophrenia patients. Researchers are enrolling over 200 participants to test the effects of aerobic exercise versus a control group.
Researchers used 3D modeling to simulate heat exchange in dinosaurs and discovered they had an intricate cooling system in their snouts. The study suggests that the length of their noses played a crucial role in warming and cooling respired air, keeping their brains cool.
A study by Ohio State University researchers found that people's gaze influences their choices when faced with two visible options. The researchers used eye-tracking technology to show that attention amplifies a person's desire for chosen items, particularly those already liked.
A study by James Cook University found that sports compression stockings positively influenced agility and lower limb muscular endurance in female soccer players. The findings confirmed a protective effect with compression stockings, which may be crucial for performance in soccer matches.
Researchers discovered two tri-terpenoids, ursolic acid and lupeol, with potential activity against Alzheimer's disease pathology. Lupeol showed better binding affinity than ursolic acid, suggesting its potential as a BACE1 inhibitor for AD therapy.
Scientists identified a six-seven year cycle of spectacular disturbances at Jupiter's equator, where clouds vanish completely allowing deeper viewing into the planet's atmosphere. The researchers expect to see another event soon, possibly as early as next year, with implications for NASA's Juno mission.
A European research project aims to uncover the physiological pathways underlying neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Down syndrome, which are linked by evolving dementia. The HEROES project seeks to develop biomarkers for dementia progression and explore new therapeutic approaches.
Tropical Cyclone Kenanga generated powerful thunderstorms reaching high into the troposphere, resulting in extreme rainfall as confirmed by NASA's Global Precipitation Measurement mission. The heaviest rainfall was found in the storm's southeastern quadrant, with rates exceeding 161 mm per hour.
Researchers have created a genetically modified houseplant that can efficiently remove at least two toxins, formaldehyde and benzene, from the air. The plant's detoxifying potential was boosted by introducing a mammalian gene called CYP2E1 into its genome.
Researchers have demonstrated feasible global quantum communication between high-orbiting satellites and a ground station, exchanging single photons over 20,000km. This milestone experiment proves secure quantum communications on a global scale using the Global Navigation Satellite System.
Researchers at University College London and the University of Illinois at Chicago have developed a new method for making magnesium chromium oxide materials that can reversibly store magnesium ions, a crucial feature for magnesium battery technology. This discovery could lead to more efficient and safer batteries with increased capacity.
A meta-analysis of 32 randomized controlled trials found that mind-body exercises enhance cognitive flexibility, working memory, and verbal fluency in older adults. The study suggests that these exercises can improve learning and overall mental health, offering a promising approach to supporting cognitive function as we age.
Researchers discovered a novel bacterial degradation pathway for sulfoquinovose, which produces hydrogen sulfide in the absence of oxygen. The study's findings suggest that organosulfonate substrates from vegetarian diets can also be degraded to hydrogen sulfide.
The Stanford team's analysis found 1.47 million solar panel installations in the US, significantly higher than previous estimates, and identified factors leading to adoption, such as household income and geographic location. The machine learning program DeepSolar was able to correctly identify images with solar panels 93% of the time a...
Astronauts may have access to fresh salads in space, but the microgravity environment affects plant growth. Researchers compared two transcriptomic approaches to understand how plants adapt, finding that RNA-Seq and microarray chips have relative advantages.
The IASLC has launched a pilot project to develop an innovative technique for improving early lung cancer detection through shared computed tomography images. The project aims to create a globally-accessible environment for analyzing large collections of quality-controlled CT lung cancer images and associated biomedical data.
Researchers used computer simulations to test the hypothesis that ankylosaurs' nasal passages acted as heat exchangers, warming and cooling air to regulate body temperature. The study found that the nasal passages could have provided energy savings of up to 84% during exhalation simulations.
Researchers at FAU Brain Institute have received funding to study Alzheimer's disease and its effects on the brain, including detection methods and potential treatments. The $1.1 million grant will support studies in neuroscience and engineering to better understand and combat this devastating disease.
A study funded by the American Heart Association aims to investigate whether pyruvate can enhance cardiac output in pediatric patients with low cardiac output syndrome following heart surgery. The researchers hope that this could lead to better recovery times, reduced hospital stays and improved quality of life for these children.
Researchers have developed a self-powered bandage that converts skin movements into an electric field, accelerating wound healing in rats. The e-bandage reduces healing time by up to 75% compared to traditional bandages.
The study reveals that the two axonal fiber layers found in humans and monkeys also exist in ferrets, with different destinations in the brain. Additionally, a trace of axonal fiber bundles is found in mouse brains, suggesting evolution towards the second axonal fiber layer.
Researchers have developed a new method to analyze cardiac muscle cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells, using a non-invasive fluorescence technique that enables faster and more accurate analysis. This breakthrough method uses CRISPR-Cas9 to generate a calcium-indicating reporter stem cell line, which allows for the examinati...
NASA analyzed cloud top temperatures of Tropical Cyclone Cilida using the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder instrument. The results show strong storms with coldest temperatures as low as minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating heavy rain capabilities.
Researchers use airborne digital holography to confirm that water droplets cluster inside clouds, which can affect precipitation and cloud lifetime. The study's findings improve the general knowledge of clouds and their effects on the planet.
Researchers have genetically modified a common houseplant to remove chloroform and benzene from the air, two hazardous compounds linked to cancer. The modified pothos ivy plants express a protein that converts these pollutants into harmless molecules, which can support plant growth.
A study published in the Journal of Great Lakes Research found that water-based outdoor recreationists on Lake Erie overwhelmingly support offshore wind energy development. The researchers discovered a strong correlation between OWD support and positive perceptions of tourism opportunities and enhanced recreation experiences.
Researchers used electrocorticographic data from surgically implanted electrodes to investigate memory development in a cohort of 17 children and adolescents. The study found that earlier activity predicts greater memory accuracy, and sub-second deviations in activity flow between frontal subregions predict memory formation.
A dirhodium catalyst makes an inert C-H bond reactive, turning chemical 'trash' to 'treasure.' The catalyst achieves exquisite control over the reaction, producing value-added molecules with high selectivity and minimal byproducts.
A new longitudinal study found that prisoners with greater exposure to formal sanctions were more likely to re-offend within three years of release. This is because formal sanctions reduce social freedoms and access to prosocial opportunities, leading to an increased likelihood of reincarceration.
A study of over 1,700 individuals found distinct gut microbiome compositions between IBD and IBS patients. The results may help identify new therapeutic targets for these gastrointestinal disorders.
Researchers at São Paulo State University synthesized a compound called GA-Hecate that effectively inhibits the replication of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in multiple stages. The compound also displays activity against bacteria, fungi, and cancer cells, and is being tested against Zika and yellow fever viruses.
The IDSA guidelines emphasize testing and treatment for pregnant women and those at high risk of complications, such as the extremely obese. These individuals should be provided with antiviral treatment as soon as possible if they are sick enough to be hospitalized or have severe symptoms.
A new study uses ancient nuclear genomes to determine the geographic origins of Aboriginal Australian remains, enabling their return to ancestral lands. The analysis shows that for most all of the ancient nuclear genomes, the most closely related contemporary genome was from people living today in the same geographic region.
A team of researchers found that the closure of the Bering Strait due to glaciation caused stratification in the North Pacific, removing CO2 from the atmosphere and leading to global cooling. This discovery provides new insights into the driving factors behind the Mid-Pleistocene Transition.
A new study suggests that cover crops grown in fields during winter can increase temperatures in the northern US and southern Canada by up to 3 degrees Celsius. This occurs due to reduced snow reflectivity, allowing crop stems and leaves to absorb solar heat and warm the surrounding atmosphere.
Researchers found that ankylosaurs had a built-in air conditioner in their snouts, which was just as efficient as those in living animals. The long, twisty noses allowed for effective heat exchange and cooling of the brain.
A study of 2,197 patients found that alcoholic beverages were a reported trigger by 35.6% of participants, with wine leading to attacks in only 8.8%. Rapid onset occurred within three hours for one-third of patients.
Researchers have developed techniques to personalize anticancer vaccines based on individual patient genomic information, targeting unique tumor mutations. Early results show promise in inducing potent immune responses.
The article discusses how reperfusion injury amplifies cell damage after tissue perfusion. Calcium handling mechanisms, including Ca2+ ion elevation, predispose patients to mitochondrial failure, hyper-contracture, and proteolysis.
Researchers are conducting a comprehensive study of the walking cavefish to better understand the 'fin-to-limb' transition that enabled the first vertebrates to walk on land. The project aims to identify the genomic, morphological and mechanical qualities that enable fish to walk on land.
A new study from Ohio State University finds that artificial light at night is detrimental to ecosystems, affecting species composition and food chain length. The research explores the impact of existing artificial light on streams and wetlands, revealing changes in energy flow and nutrient cycles.
A non-biting midge, Eretmoptera murphyi, is found to release large volumes of nutrients into the soil on Signy Island, affecting peat decomposition and biodiversity. The single introduced species can lead to a three- to four-fold increase in nitrogen relative to areas without its presence.
A global study estimates that one in four people over age 25 are at risk for stroke during their lifetime. The study reveals large geographic variations in stroke risk, with the highest risks found in East Asia and Central Europe.
Researchers found that slight changes in oxygen levels can push zooplankton beyond their limits, leading to potential population crashes and cascading effects on food webs. The study's findings highlight the importance of monitoring ocean oxygen levels due to climate change.
A new study reveals a strong positive relationship between global extinction risk and the loss of forest intactness in bird distributions. Most global hotspots of restricted ranges now fall in degraded forests, highlighting the importance of restoring intactness to reduce extinction risk.