Researchers have developed a novel compound targeting STAT5, which selectively disrupts its activation and gene transcription, impairing AML cell proliferation. The compound showed efficacy in patient-derived AML cell lines and freshly isolated patient samples, indicating its potential as a new treatment option for leukemia.
A study of ancient insects has provided new insights into future biofuel production. The firebrats' unique digestive system has revealed the presence of lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs), a new class of enzyme that efficiently digests cellulose. This discovery could lead to the development of sustainable low-carbon fuels.
A team of researchers discovered that changes in the Antarctic Ocean facilitated long-term storage of carbon dioxide during the last ice age. The study suggests that as the climate warmed, this stored carbon was released, contributing to global warming.
A new smartphone app called 'Corrie' has been designed to help patients navigate the hospital discharge process and transition to home after a heart attack. The app allows patients to track medications, follow-up appointments, and lifestyle changes, resulting in a lower readmission rate compared to standard care.
The partnership aims to develop decision-making tools based on satellite observations of Earth, which can be used worldwide. Conservation International is working with governments and stakeholders to implement policies that preserve natural resources along the Mekong River.
A recent study published in Pharmacology Research & Perspectives reveals racial disparities in Hepatitis C cure rates among patients receiving optimal therapies. The findings show lower cure rates for African American individuals compared to White individuals, highlighting the need for further exploration of underlying causes.
A new study shows that injecting cardiac progenitor cells can reverse fatal heart disease caused by Duchenne muscular dystrophy, while also improving limb strength and movement ability. Exosomes secreted by the injected cells unexpectedly restore muscle function in a mouse model of muscular dystrophy.
Researchers identified a specific brain signal associated with speech understanding, which disappears when listeners don't understand or aren't paying attention. This discovery has potential applications in tracking language development, assessing brain function, and detecting early onset of dementia.
A new study has found that Przewalski's horses are not the last wild horse species, but rather feral, descended from the earliest-known instance of horse domestication by the Botai people in northern Kazakhstan. The research also reveals that modern domesticated horses did not descend from these early domesticated horses.
Climate warming is taking a toll on forest health in subalpine regions of Colorado's Front Range, hindering the establishment of spruce and fir trees. The study found that only three years out of 40 have been conducive to seedling establishment, compared to seven favorable years during the prior 40.
Researchers discovered that levels of alpha-synuclein protein are decreased in people with Parkinson's disease, while levels of oligomeric alpha-synuclein are increased. This finding suggests that tears could be a reliable biological marker for the disease.
A new study at the University of Utah Health found that removing cost obstacles allows women to access more effective contraceptive methods. The HER Salt Lake Contraceptive Initiative made all forms of contraception available, and participants could change methods at any time in the study, free of charge.
ILC2 cells play a crucial role in preventing or slowing metastasis in lung and prostate cancer by unleashing the killing power of T-cells. Researchers have concluded that ILC2 cells may be a potent weapon in stopping cancer from spreading, offering potential treatment for blood-borne and solid tumours.
A team from the University of Liège has discovered a new crosstalk between the migrating inhibitory interneurons and the stem cells that generate the excitatory neurons. This control regulates the production of excitatory neurons, leading to cortical malformation previously associated with autism in mice.
A new study published in Diabetologia found that the earlier a person is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, the higher their risk of death from heart disease and stroke. However, an earlier diagnosis was also associated with lower mortality rates due to cancer.
Recent studies suggest ketamine's potential to rapidly treat severe depression. Ketamine has produced initial reductions in depressive symptoms within two hours, with peak effects at 24 hours. This could represent a paradigm shift in treating major depressive disorder and bipolar depression.
Researchers found that using more diverse study samples can significantly improve the reproducibility of experimental results in pre-clinical animal research. By combining data from multiple studies, they showed that multi-laboratory studies produce more consistent results than single-laboratory studies.
In three clinical trials, larotrectinib demonstrated a 75% overall response rate in patients with TRK fusion genes, with 86% continuing treatment or undergoing curative surgery. This study marks a new paradigm in cancer drug development, defining cancers by molecular changes rather than site of occurrence.
The Lehigh University team is building a new High Pressure Spatial chemical vapor deposition (HPS-CVD) reactor to create new materials with extreme conditions. The device will enable the growth of III-nitride and oxynitride semiconductors, paving the way for sustainable energy solutions and innovative technologies.
Researchers studying a rare genetic disorder in children have discovered insights into biological mechanisms that drive the disease, including abnormal autophagy. They also identified a urine test as a biomarker for the disorder, which may help monitor response to treatment and develop precision medicine.
A University of Guelph study found that genetic variants in taste receptors influence the snacks chosen by preschoolers. Nearly 80% of kids carried at-risk genotypes, leading to a high intake of calories from sugar and fat.
Scientists warn that introducing a virus to control the common carp population may harm ecosystems. The Australian government's plan is based on limited data and may not be effective in reducing carp populations without causing environmental damage.
Researchers found that bats have a dampened STING-interferon pathway, allowing them to maintain a balance with viruses without triggering an immune reaction. This defense strategy is thought to have evolved as part of bat biology, including their ability to fly and host a large viral reservoir.
A new staining method allows specialists to investigate three-dimensional tissue samples using the Nano-CT system, delivering resolutions of up to 100 nanometers. The technique is time-efficient and compatible with conventional methods, enabling enhanced insights into tissue distribution and microscopic origins of diseases.
A genome-wide association study identified a new genetic alteration, RGMA variant, linked to opioid dependence in European-Americans. The study provides insight into the biological origins of opioid dependence and may lead to novel pharmacological approaches for treatment.
A new study found that beetroot juice supplements significantly increased exercise duration, peak power, and peak oxygen uptake in heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction. The findings suggest that dietary nitrate supplementation may be a valuable addition to treatment for exercise intolerance in these patients.
Researchers at UT Dallas have isolated cancer stem cells using a two-step process, marking a significant step toward developing new drugs that can target these cells. The technique uses ligands that selectively bind to breast cancer stem cells, allowing for their isolation from standard breast cancer cells.
Researchers developed a new theoretical model to explain the friction of liquid droplets on micro-structured surfaces. The study found that micro-hole surfaces exhibit higher friction than micro-pillar surfaces under the same solid fraction.
The diffusion of bell beakers in continental Europe was driven by the dissemination of ideas rather than migration, according to a recent genetic study. This finding refutes the long-accepted theory that the spread of cultural elements was associated with significant migrant movements.
A new drug has shown encouraging safety and efficacy in treating Still's disease, a serious orphan condition. The treatment, which blocks the action of an inflammation factor, has been tested on 23 patients with refractory forms of the disease, resulting in positive responses and significant symptom reduction.
A team of University of Wisconsin-Madison engineers has discovered new materials that could enable solid oxide fuel cells to operate at lower temperatures, increasing efficiency and reducing costs. The researchers used quantum mechanics-based computational techniques to screen over 2,000 candidate materials, yielding a list of 52 poten...
A recent study by USC researchers found that nearly everyone who used heroin transitioned to drug injection in about six months, contributing to the hepatitis C epidemic. The trend is largely driven by heroin's potency and affordability, making it a more attractive alternative to opioids.
Scientists discovered that in vitro-transcribed gRNAs containing a 5' triphosphate moiety activate the immune response in human cells, leading to cell death. However, pretreatment with phosphatase can remove the 5'ppp group and significantly reduce T cell host immune response and cytotoxicity.
A study of 20 ancient horses found they are direct ancestors of Przewalski's horses, contrary to previous thought. Their return to a wild state led to changes such as the loss of leopard spotting and night blindness.
A UCF-led consortium will take over management of the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico, with plans to expand its capabilities and provide new research opportunities. The partnership aims to create a pipeline for students studying space sciences and enhance public outreach through formal education.
A new technique developed by neuroscientists at the University of Toronto Scarborough can reconstruct images seen by test subjects based on electroencephalography (EEG) data. This method uses machine learning algorithms to digitally recreate images in the subject's mind, revealing fine-grained visual detail.
Researchers found that disruption of ganglioside enzyme leads to cell overgrowth in Sandhoff disease organoids, mimicking large brains of patients. Gene therapy approach was successful in improving size and reducing ganglioside accumulation after treatment.
A team of international researchers has successfully stopped the growth of malignant melanoma by targeting epigenetic marks on DNA. By blocking enzymes responsible for erasing these marks, they reactivate a natural protective mechanism called cellular senescence, which prevents mutated cells from dividing and forming tumors.
A new study reveals that industrial fishing activities cover more than 55% of the world's oceans, with global hot spots in the northeast Atlantic and northwest Pacific. The majority of observed fishing efforts come from five countries, including China, Spain, Taiwan, Japan, and South Korea.
Researchers investigated the evolution of small heat shock proteins (HSPs) that regulate cell operations. They found that changes in protein structure and assembly affect their ability to assemble into dodecamers, revealing fundamental principles governing protein function and evolution.
A study in São Paulo found that mosquitoes that transmit diseases are adapting to urban environments, thriving in smaller green spaces where other species disappear. The research highlights the need for further study on how habitat loss affects vector insects and disease transmission.
A new study finds that over 99% of Chicagoland wetlands are home to non-native plant species, with reed canary grass dominating many sites. The research highlights the importance of considering ecosystem function and functional values in restoration efforts in urban areas.
A recent study published in Frontiers in Psychology found that judo athletes who wear a white uniform have an advantage in winning, regardless of the color of their opponent's uniform. The researchers analyzed extensive data from judo competitions and found no effect of uniform color on winning.
A new study reveals that King Penguins can be distinguished from females by analyzing their sex-specific syllable patterns, achieving an accuracy of 100%. The technique also shows promise for accurately identifying individuals using only beak length, with a success rate of 79%.
Researchers found cave art in Europe dating back at least 20,000 years, suggesting Neanderthals created the artworks. The discovery also included dyed and decorated marine shells dating back to times before modern humans arrived in the region.
A Taiwanese database study of 55,629 patients with hypertension found no significant difference in cardiovascular risk between cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme selective NSAIDs and nonselective NSAIDs. Most commonly used NSAIDs have similar cardiovascular safety profiles under low-to-moderate daily doses and short-term treatment periods.
Researchers will study basal-squamous and luminal subtypes of aggressive bladder cancer using a mouse model and human cancer cell lines. Understanding the role of TFAP2 transcription factors may lead to new therapeutic approaches for predicting patient response to treatment.
Researchers found that neural cells from schizophrenic patients produce less pro-angiogenic molecules and more anti-angiogenic proteins, impairing blood vessel formation. The study provides new insights into the causes of schizophrenia and potential therapeutic solutions.
New research reveals that all-trans-retinoic acid regulates immune system responses in the mouse intestine by controlling expression of HIC1 protein in innate lymphoid cells. This finding could lead to new strategies to protect against infection and intestinal imbalance.
The use of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) among pediatric patients increased between 2005 and 2015, with a corresponding decrease in mortality rates. The median adjusted cost per admission was $158,740, but increasing off-label use of iNO is associated with decreased mortality, longer hospital stays, and higher costs.
Scientists have discovered a new method to trigger chemical reactions using tiny diamond anvils, which can break bonds and trigger electron transfers without heat or solvents. This breakthrough could lead to more precise and environmentally friendly chemistry.
Researchers have been working on optimizing and reformulating vaccines to target specific immune responses in individuals prone to relapse. Recent clinical trial data suggests that these new formulations may be effective in preventing opioid relapse.
A team led by Professor Pat Roche created the first high-resolution map of magnetic field lines in gas and dust swirling around a supermassive black hole at the centre of our Galaxy. The map shows intense infrared light and magnetic field lines within filaments of warm dust grains and hot gas, revealing their intricate relationship.
Scientists developed a potent new medicine to fight addiction by blocking an enzyme, resulting in higher GABA levels and reduced dopamine release. The new compound, CPP-115, is 10 times more efficient than vigabatrin and has fewer side effects.
Two University of Tennessee scientists, Thomas Mueller and Larry Steckel, received top honors from the Weed Science Society of America for their peer-reviewed articles on weed control and dicamba persistence. Their studies provide valuable insights into agricultural spray hoses and cover crops as a weed management tool.
Researchers have turned salmon migration patterns into sound using sonification, enabling untrained listeners to interpret large amounts of complex data. The approach has shown promise in helping scientists feel less overwhelmed by interpreting big data, leading them to spend more time exploring the experience.
A new study from the University of Eastern Finland found that people with major depressive disorder have reduced arginine levels, which can affect nitric oxide production and vascular regulation. The study also suggests that depression may be linked to lower arginine bioavailability, but further research is needed
Researchers at Duke University created a framework to determine when using multiple cell populations is beneficial. The system models how variables interact in complex bioengineering tasks, revealing that efficiency and growth rate are key factors. This tool can help industries producing chemicals with bacteria, such as pharmaceuticals...
A Baylor University study reveals that Republicans who believe in an actively engaged God are more likely to support generous welfare policies, while Democrats tend to be less compassionate. The research found that conservatives predict negative views on social justice and retributive justice, leading to differences in party positions.
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh identified a hormone called DHEA that can prime cells for implantation and increase active hormones. This discovery could lead to new treatments for infertility in women over 40.