A Penn study reveals that tipping the balance of 'stop' and 'go' signaling in the interferon pathway can predict which patients are likely to respond to immunotherapies. Blocking the signal in cancer cells helps the immune system fight off tumors, offering potential therapeutic implications.
Researchers surveyed 135 college students and found that viewing exercise as a stress outlet can significantly increase their willingness to exercise. The most important factor in sustaining this habit was behavioral confidence, including visualization of future performance and external sources of encouragement.
The University of Toledo has been awarded a $7.4 million contract to develop solar technology that is lightweight, flexible, highly efficient and durable in space. The goal is to provide power for space vehicles using sunlight, reducing the need for liquid fuels and battery storage.
A new study from American Cancer Society investigators reveals that cancer survivors enrolled in high deductible health plans (HDHPs) are more likely to report delaying or foregoing medical care due to cost concerns. Meanwhile, individuals with HDHPs who also have health savings accounts (HSAs) may experience less delayed care.
A new training program aims to help children with food allergies stay safe. The Food Allergy Superheroes Training (FAST) Program will teach 6-8 year olds basic skills to react responsibly to food allergies. The program's goal is to increase adherence to food allergy safety guidelines and reduce hospital visits among low-income families.
The Magnetospheric Multiscale mission has made the first high-resolution measurements of an interplanetary shock. The shock was triggered by a fast stream of solar wind overtaking a slower stream, creating a wave that spread across the solar system. By analyzing the data from this event, scientists gained evidence to support a theory o...
Researchers use 'Reverse Metagenomics' method to identify preferred wildflowers for bees, providing valuable insights into pollinator behavior and habitat conservation. This technique can be applied to various studies, including diet analysis and airborne allergenic pollen identification.
Camera trap surveys reveal 28 mammal species in protected forest and 21 in fragmented habitats, including critically endangered species like Sunda pangolin and Sumatran tiger. These findings suggest conservation value for small patches of remnant forest and the importance of further research.
Researchers at Kaiser Permanente discovered that allowing women to eat and move sooner after surgery improves recovery, reduces opioid exposure, and enhances breastfeeding experiences. The study's Enhanced Recovery After Surgery program led to a significant decrease in opioid use without increased pain or hospital stay.
A new MIT study finds that partisan news coverage has a bigger impact on viewers without strong media preferences, while those with strong preferences may be less influenced. The study suggests that certain types of political media affect different populations in varying manners.
A new pathway has been identified as a potential treatment target for Crohn's disease, a form of inflammatory bowel disease that affects millions in the US. The study suggests that blocking a specific protein receptor may ameliorate inflammation and fibrosis in CD patients.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology discovered a protein involved in TAG production under phosphorus-depleted conditions. This finding has the potential to improve TAG yield and make biofuel production more efficient and cost-effective.
Researchers discovered that intense light amplifies the PER2 gene, which bolsters blood vessels and offers protection against heart attacks. The study found that mice exposed to intense light had reduced cardiac tissue damage after a heart attack, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for humans.
Researchers found that sticky glandular trichomes on tobacco leaves trap insects, which are then consumed by the spined stilt bug, a predator that protects the plant from pest infestation. This mutualistic relationship increases leaf yield and reduces plant damage without harming the tobacco plants.
A WSU researcher has created a new technology that harnesses the immune system to target diseased tissues, improving drug delivery and reducing side effects. The technology uses neutrophils to deliver drugs directly to inflammatory sites, showing promise in treating acute lung injury and potentially other diseases.
Researchers used a far-infrared free-electron laser to break down amyloid fibril aggregates, disrupting their rigid sheet-like structure and causing free peptides to form. This technique has potential applications in medicine, biomaterial engineering, and regenerative medicine.
Researchers discovered that Asphondylia maggots use microscopic hairs to latch onto surfaces, forming a temporary leg to launch themselves into the air. This unique mechanism allows them to catapult themselves up to 121mm in just a few seconds, saving energy compared to crawling.
Researchers found that invasive plants have a negative impact on native animals, reducing their abundance and altering ecosystem functions. In contrast, exotic animals are unaffected by invasive plants.
Recent research from Dr. Dan Krawczyk's lab at the Center for BrainHealth explored the effects of oxytocin and vasopressin on social cognition. Oxytocin consistently led a perception of greater dominance, while both hormones affected brain activity across trustworthiness and dominance.
Researchers found that around 21% of dermatologists rarely/never perform fungal preparations due to perceived adequacy or time concerns, while 25% with CLIA certification reported difficulty in obtaining the necessary certifications. The study emphasizes the need for increased education and policy-based interventions to ease the process.
Research using identical and fraternal twins suggests that genetic variation contributes to individual differences in pleasure and reward processing. The study found that activation of the nucleus accumbens, a key structure in the brain's reward system, is moderately heritable, as are scores for physical anhedonia and pleasure.
A study found that major surgery is associated with a small long-term decline in cognitive functioning, equivalent to less than five months of natural brain ageing. The odds of substantial cognitive decline also increase after surgery, approximately doubling.
Researchers developed a calcium-based conservation treatment that enhances hydrophobicity, reduces cracking and improves surface adhesion on various building materials. The treatment, inspired by natural structures like bone and kidney stones, provides improved acid resistance and minimal color effect.
A study of over 3,500 participants aged 32-51 found significant associations between optimism and various characteristics of self-reported sleep. Optimists were more likely to report very good sleep quality and adequate sleep duration. The research suggests that positivity may buffer the effects of stress by promoting adaptive coping.
The University of Texas System, along with Rice University, is partnering to expand clinical and translational research in Texas, producing better health outcomes for those in Texas and across the nation. The expansion will focus on clinical studies designed to improve medical outcomes for underrepresented populations.
A new study by Western University demonstrates that fear of predators can leave long-lasting traces in the neural circuitry of wild animals and induce enduringly fearful behaviour. The findings support the notion that PTSD is not unnatural and have important implications for biomedical researchers, mental health clinicians, and ecologi...
A multidisciplinary team at Kaiser Permanente developed a complete imaging history definition, including four prompts for date, location, pain, and concern. This led to a significant increase in orders containing all four components, from 16% to 52%, and improved mean character count of entered histories.
A new blood test for coeliac disease has been developed, detecting inflammatory markers in the blood within hours of gluten consumption. This potential diagnostic test could improve upon current methods requiring patients to consume gluten for weeks or months.
Researchers found that a short online growth mindset intervention improved key predictors of high school graduation and college success, especially when supported by a school culture. Lower-achieving students earned higher grade points in core academic subjects and were more likely to take harder classes.
A new Johns Hopkins University study proposes that dark matter may have originated before the Big Bang, citing a connection between particle physics and astronomy. The research suggests that dark matter's existence could be revealed through its gravitational effects on galaxy distributions.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology have developed a new synthesis method for producing high-performance n-type semiconducting polymers using the DArP method. The resulting polymers, P1 and P2, exhibit significant improvements in electron mobility and stability compared to existing materials.
Researchers at Stanford University have designed a crystal structure that can trap and convert both infrared and green laser light, significantly improving the efficiency of this process. The device, which is microscopic in size, has the potential to greatly benefit technologies in telecommunications, computing, and laser-based equipment.
A recent study found that people on both sides of the political spectrum value proportionality in achieving success, with liberals caring more about equity and conservatives valuing proportionality. The researchers aimed to understand the moral foundations behind political partisanship and how it influences policy support.
Researchers found that lung lining fluid from older adults is more prone to dysfunction, allowing bacteria to infect and grow within macrophages. The study suggests that interventions targeting the lung mucosa's oxidative status may help make elderly individuals more resistant to respiratory infections.
Scientists at DZNE have identified a group of proteins that help regenerate damaged nerve cells, potentially leading to new treatments for spinal cord injuries. These proteins, part of the 'cofilin/ADF' family, drive growth and regeneration in both young and adult neurons.
An international team detected a very hot, dense outflowing wind close to a black hole at least 25,000 light-years from Earth. The gas was emitted in bursts that repeated every 8 minutes, revealing unprecedented behavior around a black hole.
The American College of Physicians, along with leading physician and public health organizations, calls for policies to reduce firearms-related injuries and deaths. Comprehensive criminal background checks, research into the causes of firearm violence, and improved access to mental health care are recommended.
Researchers found high genetic diversity within and between baitfish assemblages from different locations around Bermuda. The study suggests that the island's baitfish species are highly mixed populations with limited gene flow to other regions.
Researchers identified 239 genes with altered activity in long-living fruit fly strains, including those involved in metabolism. The mutation triggers a global alteration of metabolism, affecting carbohydrate, lipid, and nucleotide metabolism, as well as immune response genes.
Researchers found that repeated subconcussive head hits can cumulatively cause brain trauma, leading to structural changes in midbrain white matter. The study suggests that early detection and prevention of injury are crucial in protecting players from long-term neurologic damage.
A new study published in The Journal of Clinical Oncology found that FDG-PET/CT imaging achieved true negatives in 94% of patients, suggesting its potential to assist clinicians in deciding on the best therapy for clinically N0 necks. This could lead to prevented patient morbidity and cost savings.
Researchers found that smoking did not reduce flares, medication use, hospitalizations, or colon surgery in patients with UC. Smoking cessation also did not worsen the course of disease.
A new 'liquid biopsy' blood test called TARDIS detects circulating tumor DNA in patient blood, enabling precise monitoring of disease progression and response to treatment. The test's high sensitivity could help plan surgical resection and radiation therapy after pre-operative therapy.
Researchers at Hiroshima University discovered that giant clam feces contain symbiotic algae zooxanthellae, which can be transferred to juvenile clams and establish a symbiotic relationship. This finding may help solve the mystery of how coral reefs acquire these essential algae.
A team of experts from Indiana University and the Karolinska Institutet in Sweden have received a $1.6 million grant to investigate the impact of opioid pain medications prescribed during pregnancy on children's health outcomes. The study aims to identify causal connections between maternal opioid use and adverse childhood outcomes.
A nationwide study in Taiwan found that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be associated with a higher risk of death from injury causes. The study, which included nearly 276,000 patients with ADHD and nearly 2 million individuals without, found no increased risk of natural-cause death between the two groups.
Astronomers have found a treasure trove of previously unknown ancient massive galaxies, defying current models of the universe. These galaxies are connected to supermassive black holes and dark matter, providing new insights into cosmic evolution.
A randomized clinical trial compared a technology-enhanced community health nursing intervention to standard care for female adolescents and young adults with pelvic inflammatory disease. The study found that the tech-enhanced intervention may offer improved medication adherence and treatment outcomes.
Scientists at the University of Warwick developed a new method, OCULAR, that assigns a record-breaking 244,779 molecular compositions within a single sample of petroleum. The technique combines experimental and data processing techniques to characterise complex samples, enabling analysis across various fields.
A new method has been developed to improve the quality of stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, which can be used to treat heart attacks. The approach, tested in a mouse heart attack model, doubled the engraftment rate of injected cells, showing promise for repairing damaged heart tissue.
Researchers found that self-diagnosis using the internet can lead to successful diagnoses of rare inherited conditions like autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD). The study received over 665 referrals from 1996 to 2017, with positive genetic testing results in 27% of cases.
A recent study found that certain molecules in chemotherapy drugs react differently to radiation when in water compared to gas. This affects the ionization process and can improve the way radiation is used for cancer treatment.
Scientists have discovered that Earth's magnetic field reversal took at least 22,000 years to complete, contradicting previous estimates of up to 9,000 years. The new analysis provides a detailed look at the turbulent time when the field weakened and partially shifted before finally reversing.
Researchers at UTSA are developing indestructible cells that can dissipate energy during earthquakes without deforming or requiring repairs. The new architectural materials could reduce structural steel costs, be lightweight, and absorb high levels of energy.
A team of researchers from UMass Amherst has developed a data-driven approach called DeepRoof that uses machine learning techniques and satellite images to identify rooftops with high solar potential, achieving accuracy of 91%. This method can speed up the process of rooftop installations by analyzing satellite images of entire cities.
The project aims to advance research by creating a resource for researchers around the globe to access data on craniofacial development and dysmorphologies. Craniofacial conditions affect approximately 600,000 people in the US, with cleft lip and palate being amongst the most common birth defects.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a gel that reduces scar tissue and adhesions after cardiac surgery in animals, outperforming current methods. The gel, PNP 1:10, is safe and effective in preventing adhesions, with few side effects.
Researchers at Durham University have spotted a brief transition phase in the development of quasars, challenging conventional views on red quasar color. The team believes this phase is caused by a violent ejection of energy from supermassive black holes, blowing away dust and gas to reveal blue quasars.
The project aims to determine the forces that dictate underwater walking, shedding light on the colonization of land by animals. By studying Spanish ribbed newts, researchers hope to gain insight into the biomechanics of animal movement.
This observational study found that coexisting psychiatric disorders significantly increase the risk of death in individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The study analyzed Swedish national register data and included nearly 87,000 people with ADHD.