A clinical trial published in Appetite found that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can reduce or increase appetite depending on a patient's genetic profile. The study used a current of 2 milliamperes and 17 thirty-minute sessions over a month, with participants monitored for six months.
A new study suggests that stellar collapse causes instabilities, preventing the formation of heavier black holes. The researchers propose that nuclear star clusters might act as 'black-hole nurseries', providing an ideal environment for generating generations of black holes.
Researchers found that fish preserve 'DNA methylation' memories between generations, unlike humans where this is almost entirely erased. This discovery opens up new avenues for studying intergenerational memory transfer through DNA methylation.
Researchers have identified a potential combination targeted therapy for a deadly type of leukemia found in some infants, which was linked to high levels of the BCL6 protein and poor outcomes. The therapy involves 'turning off' the BCL6 protein using ABT-199, promising a lifesaving treatment option for babies and young children.
A new technique developed by researchers allows for the creation of tastier low-fat potato chips by analyzing physical characteristics. The method, called in vitro oral processing, measures chip properties from first bite to swallow, enabling food scientists to link physical measurements with sensory perceptions.
A new study found that prescription medication Escitalopram can inhibit fish foraging and eating behavior, particularly in males. The inhibitory effect was more pronounced in males than females, highlighting a sex-based difference in aquatic wildlife response to environmental pollutants.
Scientists have developed a personalized platform called TARDIS that accurately detects circulating tumor DNA and signs of residual disease in breast cancer patients. The assay demonstrated a significant improvement in sensitivity, enabling earlier detection of tumors and monitoring patient response to chemotherapy.
A long-term study in California's Salinas Valley found that annual cover cropping significantly benefits soil health, while organic matter from compost has relatively small effects. The research suggests innovative strategies to increase cover cropping adoption, improving soil quality and sustainability.
The Rare Disease Cures Accelerator-Data and Analytics Platform (RDCA-DAP) aims to reduce barriers for rare disease treatment development. The platform will provide a centralized infrastructure to support accelerated therapy development, leveraging integrated data from various sources and advanced analytics expertise.
A new imaging tool provides detailed images of the nasal airways in cystic fibrosis patients, showing impaired mucus clearance and cilia dysfunction. The technique enables clinicians to diagnose diseases earlier and optimize treatment for individual patients.
Research found structural changes in brain after one football season, despite no clinically diagnosed concussions. The study used MRI scans and helmet accelerometers to track player injuries.
A large international study published in EClinicalMedicine journal reveals that home births have no increased risk of baby's perinatal or neonatal death compared to hospital births. The study analyzed data from over 500,000 intended home births and similar numbers of hospital births in eight countries.
Researchers found that warming oceans are driving up methylmercury levels in fish due to increased energy consumption and changing diets. As sea temperatures rise, fish use more energy to swim, requiring them to consume more calories, which can lead to higher mercury levels.
A study published by the Barcelona Institute for Global Health found that air pollution from particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and black carbon is responsible for 33% of new childhood asthma cases in Europe, highlighting the need to update WHO air quality guidelines to better protect children's health.
A study of over 52,000 men from eight countries found erectile dysfunction (ED) to be associated with increased absenteeism and reduced work productivity. Men with ED reported higher rates of staying home from work and working while sick compared to those without ED.
A new study led by UCL and Cardiff University finds that groundwater replenishment depends on heavy rainfalls and flood events amplified by climate change. This knowledge can inform strategies to enhance groundwater supplies in drylands, where it is often the only lasting source of freshwater.
A study found that older adults with moderately severe dementia living at home have worse health and more symptoms than those in residential care or nursing facilities. The research highlights the need for better understanding and addressing geriatric palliative care needs of people with dementia wherever they live.
A new study found that good cardiovascular health at age 50 is associated with a lower risk of dementia later in life. Researchers used the Life Simple 7 cardiovascular health score as a tool for preventing dementia, and their findings support public health policies to improve midlife cardiovascular health.
According to the OVERCOME study, nearly a quarter of people with frequent headaches use opioids to treat their migraines. Clinical guidelines discourage opioid use for migraine symptoms except in rare cases, highlighting concerns about its potential risks and effectiveness.
A recent study found that increasing consumption of red meat was associated with a higher risk of invasive breast cancer, while consuming poultry was linked to decreased risk. Substituting poultry for red meat may be a simple way to reduce breast cancer incidence.
Researchers developed a new quantum-mechanical model to measure momentum of particles using a classical concept: time-of-flight. They achieved precise calculations by estimating probabilistic positions and distances between pointers coupled to moving wave packets.
Researchers used virtual patients and in silico clinical studies to evaluate the effectiveness of blue light therapy for psoriasis. They found that this approach can accurately capture patient variability and improve treatment response.
Researchers have demonstrated that energetic interactions between hydrogen cyanide and water can form precursors to RNA and proteins. The study provides new potential pathways for the formation of life's building blocks, without requiring high-energy photons or metal catalysts.
A 289-million-year-old lizard-like animal exhibited a bone condition similar to Paget's disease, indicating early susceptibility to the disorder. The study provides evidence of an ancient case of a bone metabolic disorder, shedding light on the evolution of diseases in early life forms.
Researchers tracked blue sharks using satellite tags and found they spent most of their days diving into warm-water eddies to forage for small fish and squid. The study suggests blue sharks prefer warm-water eddies due to their inability to regulate body temperature, shedding light on their unique feeding behavior
Researchers at the University of Trento have developed a genome editing strategy to permanently correct two types of mutations that cause cystic fibrosis. The 'SpliceFix' technique uses Crispr-Cas to edit patient-derived organoids, showing high precision and efficacy.
Sepsis survivors are at higher risk for major health problems and death due to persistent inflammation, according to a study published in JAMA Network Open. The researchers found that nearly all patients with sepsis have increased inflammation during hospitalization, but this inflammation often persists long after discharge.
A new study published in PLOS ONE examines the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and multiple food environments. The research found that a greater number of fast-food restaurants near commute routes is associated with higher BMI.
Tropical Storm Krosa developed a 'comma shape' signature from thunderstorms feeding into the low-level center. The storm's maximum sustained winds reached near 60 knots, strengthening as it moved north-northwest towards Japan.
A study of outpatient appointments in India found that younger and older women, as well as those living far from major hospitals, were more likely to miss out on healthcare. The researchers estimated that nearly half of female outpatient visits were 'missing' due to sex-based discrimination.
A new study of ancient rocks provides fresh insight into Earth's plate tectonics, which has evolved over the last 2.5 billion years. The findings challenge previous models suggesting plate tectonics operated throughout Earth's history.
Researchers using ALMA observe a swirling disk of cold interstellar gas rotating around a supermassive black hole, NGC 3258. The study provides an unprecedented close-up view of the disk's rotation, allowing for the determination of the black hole's mass as 2.25 billion solar masses.
Scientists have found evidence that depleted seamounts near Hawaii are recovering after years of federally mandated protection. The team's research suggests that some species are starting to return to these areas, providing a glimmer of hope for the long-term recovery of vulnerable ecosystems.
Researchers have discovered exponential patterns in RNA diffusion rates within cells, displaying the highest possible degree of disorder or entropy. This pattern is linked to small-scale diffusive behaviors and can be compared to thermodynamic behaviors in larger systems.
Researchers have identified a combination of gene mutations that are frequently found together in endometrial cancer and endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer. The ARID1A and PIK3CA genes' mutations can lead to uncontrolled cell growth, increasing the risk of cancer.
MIT researchers quantify cost targets for energy storage to enable solar and wind power with storage to reach competitiveness with other on-demand energy sources. The study finds that energy storage costs need to fall below $20/kWh to achieve cost-competitive baseload power over a twenty-year period.
Researchers developed a novel method to directly detect circulating tumor cells in blood samples without enrichment, using lanthanide ions released from nanoparticles. The technique was tested on cancer patients' blood samples, correctly identifying 14 out of 15 cases with strong correlation to cancer stage.
Researchers studied two giraffe populations in Kenya to determine if human activity affects their social networks. High human activity was found to strengthen social bonds and create more exclusive groups among the giraffes.
A new study found that NSAIDs contribute to cardiovascular side effects in individuals with osteoarthritis, increasing the risk of heart failure, ischemic heart disease, and stroke by 42%, 17%, and 14% respectively. The study suggests that patients with OA should discuss the risks and benefits of NSAID use with their care providers.
A USC-led study reveals that marine microbes containing rhodopsins are more abundant than thought and can capture more light energy than chlorophylls. This shift in microbial communities may result in less carbon fixation in the ocean, potentially leading to increased CO2 levels and faster warming.
A tiny biodegradable electronic circuit made from magnesium can release controlled amounts of painkillers over several days. The implant degrades safely inside the body after use.
A new study reveals that people on the political left (Democrats and liberals) prioritize equity over proportionality, while those on the right (Republicans and conservatives) focus more on effort. The research also finds a shared concern for meritocracy and the 'Protestant work ethic' across both groups.
A study of UK patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer between 2006 and 2013 found that those under 50 experienced more non-specific symptoms before referral to specialists. Younger patients also had longer intervals between diagnosis and referral, highlighting a need for primary care awareness.
Researchers from CSU have discovered that conventional hydrophobic membranes create a larger liquid-vapor interfacial area, increasing evaporation and efficiency. This tradeoff between hydrophobic vs. omniphobic membranes offers new information into why certain membrane designs work better than others in membrane distillation.
New research provides a more accurate way to measure pain in mice using slow-motion video and artificial intelligence. The 'mouse pain scale' assesses the degree of pain, increasing confidence in therapeutic effectiveness in humans.
Researchers analyzed food intake data from over 10,000 middle-aged adults and found a strong link between plant-based diets and lower cardiovascular disease risks. People who ate more plant-based foods had a 16% lower risk of cardiovascular disease and a 32% lower risk of dying from any cause.
Scientists from FAU's Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute are developing novel technologies to supply warm water marine fish seedstocks, addressing the US's struggling aquaculture industry. The partnership aims to increase domestic production, reduce waste, disease risks, and feed inefficiencies.
NASA's Aqua satellite captured a clear image of Typhoon Lekima, showing a tight band of powerful thunderstorms surrounding its central eye. The storm is expected to strengthen into a Category 4 hurricane, making landfall near Shanghai around August 12.
A new study from the University of Notre Dame found that when media perceptions of a scandal outpace its actual severity, strong-performing leaders are more likely to retain their positions. This 'severity gap' can lead to internal stakeholders protecting stronger-performing leaders from undue scrutiny.
A new Stanford study found that stimulating a protective immune cell class, CD8 T cells, may reduce autoimmune disease severity. In a mouse model of multiple sclerosis, injecting mice with peptides recognized by these cells reduced disease severity and killed disease-causing immune cells.
Developed by Stevens Institute of Technology researchers, wearable motion sensors can record vibrations sent through a mother's abdomen when her baby's heart beats or squirms. These non-invasive devices could reduce stillbirths worldwide and provide vital insights into fetal health.
Patients transported by mobile stroke unit receive clot-busting procedure an average of 10 minutes faster than standard ambulance, potentially saving up to 270 million neurons per patient. The quicker treatment can restore blood flow and save neurological function.
Five postdoctoral scholars will collaborate with experts in physical and biomedical science to better understand the interplay between the immune system and cancers. The fellowships aim to develop new treatments using a patient's immune system to prevent, control, and treat cancer.
A study found that 9% of patients with acute pain conditions continued opioid use 3 months after discharge from the emergency department. Most patients used opioids to manage initial or new pain, not misuse. The study highlights the need for non-narcotic methods to treat acute pain and further research on chronic pain mechanisms.
A new study published in Annals of Internal Medicine highlights the need for increased awareness of mental health disorders among adults with cerebral palsy. The research team found that adults with cerebral palsy have a higher age-standardized prevalence of mental health disorders compared to those without the condition.
Researchers at the University of Houston have developed a new brain stimulation technique for PTSD patients, utilizing skin conductance to provide personalized treatment. The approach aims to improve treatment outcomes for individuals with neuropsychiatric disorders, including those with Parkinson's disease and essential tremor.
Researchers from Kumamoto University found that nsPEFs can stimulate immune cells to respond as if they were being stimulated by bacteria. This was achieved through the release of chromosomal DNA and histone citrullination in neutrophils, similar to the process occurring when neutrophils are exposed to bacteria.
Researchers have successfully created molecular nanocages with unprecedented properties using gold atoms as a binding agent. The gold-bonded cages exhibit chemical and thermal stability while being sensitive to acidity, making them ideal for biomedical applications such as targeted drug delivery.
A new study found a blunted response to stress-induced dopamine signaling in the brains of individuals at high risk for psychosis who regularly use cannabis. The research highlights the need for further investigation into the impact of cannabis on brain neurochemistry, particularly among populations at risk for psychosis.
African American men are more likely to delay routine screenings and doctor's appointments due to medical mistrust fueled by experiences of racism. The study found that men who report experiencing frequent everyday racism had higher odds of delaying screenings and routine health care visits.