Researchers discover that progesterone triggers the mineralocortoid receptor in elephant sharks, while aldosterone and cortisol do not. This finding provides new insights into the evolution of human physiology.
A 12-month home exercise program reduced fall rates by 36% in high-risk seniors with a history of falls and mobility impairments. The study found improved cognitive function as a secondary benefit, reducing risk of injury and loss of independence for older adults.
Researchers developed a new methodology to calculate vulnerability based on adaptive capacity, which can help international bodies allocate resources. The study found that the most vulnerable states are not necessarily those with high confirmed cases, but rather those that struggle to cope with the disease.
Researchers have developed a strategy for using floating ocean devices to provide emergency electricity to affected areas, potentially reducing recovery time. The new approach uses variational calculus to optimize the deployment of multiple wave energy devices in a daisy chain configuration.
Climate change is speeding up Alaska sockeye salmon's growth rate in freshwater, causing them to migrate to the ocean faster. However, this shift may not benefit the species long-term, as it takes an extra year at sea, where they face increased competition with hatchery-raised salmon.
Fruit flies' stress tolerance is linked to aging, with higher levels of PKG conferring protection but costing locomotor activity later in life. The study reveals a novel role for the PKG pathway in healthy aging and senescence.
A recent study published in the Journal of Environmental Psychology found that people's existing knowledge about genetically modified food is a significant determining factor of their attitudes towards it. Learning the underlying science leads to more positive attitudes, a greater willingness to eat them, and a lowered perception of GM...
A research team at Stanford University has developed a new method to clean contaminated soils by rinsing them with a mixture of water and EDTA, a chemical that attracts heavy metals. The process involves percolating the mixture through the soil, collecting the toxic brew, and filtering it to capture the heavy metals.
Researchers found a significant amount of overlap between their data and citizen sightings, with roughly 65% for red foxes and 56% for coyotes. The study highlights the potential of citizen science to inform urban canid management and monitor human-carnivore interactions.
A large study published in Radiology found that breast MRI screening for breast cancer survivors leads to higher cancer detection rates, but also results in more unnecessary biopsies. The study analyzed data from over 13,000 women and found no significant differences in sensitivity between breast MRI and mammography.
Researchers at WVU discovered that higher exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances was associated with lower rates of coronary heart disease in adults with diabetes. The study, led by Kim Innes, used data from the C8 Health Project and found an inverse association between PFAS levels and heart disease risk.
Researchers at Binghamton University developed a micro biobattery that can power disposable sensors for short durations. The biobattery is low-cost, disposable, and environmentally-friendly, addressing current limitations of the Internet of Disposable Things.
Researchers observed micro-perforations in the basement membrane zone, allowing inflammatory cells to access and feed growing cancer cells. This 'window' into the cancer process enables targeting of these weak spots with cancer therapeutics.
System 91L is a tropical low pressure system located in the Bay of Campeche, spanning across Mexico's Yucatan state and surrounding states. The system has a 40% chance to develop into a depression over the next two days, producing heavy rainfall over eastern Mexico, southeastern Texas, and the Lower Mississippi Valley.
A study led by York University researchers found that children's brains can compensate for lost regions of the visual cortex after surgery, retaining normal visual perception. The brain's plasticity allows it to re-wire itself in a way not seen in adults, enabling children to read and recognize faces with minimal impairment.
A new study found that rates of non-suicidal self-harm (NSSH) in England grew from 2% to 6% between 2000 and 2014. Despite this increase, only a small proportion of those who engage in NSSH receive medical or psychological support.
A U-M study analyzed 3,870 clothing items and found that one in 11 featured food graphics, with two-thirds being unhealthy. The analysis suggests that food graphics on kids' clothes may influence children's eating habits and reinforce obesity-promoting messaging.
A research team from the University of Cologne has recalculated the distribution of volatile elements on Earth, finding that some building blocks have a chemical composition similar to primitive meteorites. The study suggests an alternative source for vital components such as water and carbon.
A study found that children's brains can compensate for missing regions of the visual cortex after epilepsy surgery, allowing them to maintain full visual perception. This brain plasticity suggests that early surgical treatment for children with epilepsy may enable this type of remapping.
A new study by Yale researchers found that beta blockers can minimize the impact of negative emotions on heart rhythm in individuals with a history of atrial fibrillation. The medication reduced the risk of AFib episodes triggered by stress and anger, while still having an effect on those taking beta-blockers.
A new study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition finds that red and white meats raise low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) by the same amount, regardless of meat type. Plant proteins show the best cholesterol benefit and should be prioritized for heart health.
Berkeley Lab scientists develop faster technique to purify elements, opening door to faster discovery of new elements and easier nuclear fuel reprocessing. The method achieves separation factors many orders of magnitude higher than current state-of-the-art methods, reducing contaminants and increasing efficiency.
Researchers have discovered a fundamental limit on the transition probabilities of linear optical systems, constraining their ability to transfer bosons. This discovery leads to a negative answer to Professor Scott Aaronson's open problem on quantum supremacy in decision problems.
Researchers explore new methods for describing complex networks using algebraic topology tools, highlighting the importance of totally homogeneous subnetworks, cycle numbers, and topological invariants.
Research at the University of York found women are underrepresented in studies on cannabis and psychosis, with limited information on female reactions to the drug and a lack of focus on countries outside of America, Europe, and Australia.
A new study suggests that chronic inflammation disrupts the brain's dopamine system, leading to motivational impairments in depression, schizophrenia, and other disorders. The researchers developed a computational method to test their theory, which may yield insights into treating cases of depression and behavioral disorders.
The Memorial Bridge in New Hampshire has been outfitted with data sensors to transform it into a self-diagnosing bridge. The sensors capture information about the bridge's health, environmental conditions, and traffic patterns. This innovation aims to create the next generation of bridges with maximum safety, reliability, and efficiency.
A new process uses chemical methods to purify samples and detect modern forgeries by analyzing binding agents, providing a clear result. This method was tested on a famous case and proved effective in detecting a fake painting from the 20th century.
New guidelines recommend nucleic-acid amplification tests (NAAT) for diagnosing Clostridioides difficile infection. NAAT testing practices are considered the most effective, with a recommended algorithm combining GDH/TOXIN/NAAT tests.
Firms experiencing shareholder complaints increase advertising investments, which helps mitigate decline in firm value. Effective advertising investments signal financial health and prevent complaints from contaminating other stakeholders' attitudes.
Colorado State University chemists developed a new design for eco-friendly smart glass that works faster and lasts longer. By optimizing nanoparticle spacing, the tinting behavior can be improved, leading to enhanced performance in applications such as windows, batteries, and sensors.
A new study found that rain-filled tracks of Asian elephants provide temporary habitat for breeding and connect frog populations. The tracks can persist for a year or more, serving as stepping stones for the frogs during the dry season.
Death rates from falls for US adults 75 or older rose significantly from 2000 to 2016, with a 128% increase in absolute deaths and a 131% increase in death rates per 100,000 people. This trend was observed across different age groups, particularly among men aged 75-79 and women aged 95 or older.
A team of researchers has developed a nano-sized hydrogel that can scavenge nitric oxide and effectively treat rheumatoid arthritis. The hydrogel was shown to be more effective than current therapeutic drugs in suppressing the onset of the disease, with minimal side effects.
Recent research suggests that pathogens may have driven the evolution of warm-blooded animals by providing a selective advantage. By maintaining stable body temperatures, mammals and birds can prime their immune systems to withstand virulent pathogens, making endothermy a more favorable strategy than ectothermy.
Researchers found that the mere presence of Dikerogammarus villosus can reduce the effectiveness of its prey, causing them to expend more energy avoiding the predator. This phenomenon, known as a non-consumptive effect (NCE), has major localized effects on river ecosystems and may impact their recovery following perturbation.
Scientists explore the emergence of novel genes and functional proteins from random DNA sequences, revealing peptides that confer high resistance to aminoglycosides. The study demonstrates how de novo evolution can be studied experimentally in the laboratory.
A new study by University of Warwick Medical School challenges the common assumption that higher mortality rates for weekend hospital admissions reflect lower quality care. The study found that patients admitted on weekends are sicker at admission and have more urgent problems, contributing to the higher mortality risk.
A large-scale study found that consuming high amounts of cholesterol from eggs is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease and death. The researchers also noted that even healthy diets can have negative effects when eggs are consumed excessively, emphasizing the importance of moderation and balance in daily eating habits.
Researchers want a standardized approach to studying how ants react to environmental changes, with insights suggesting all ant communities respond strongly to openness in their habitats. This heterogeneity is due to millions of years of biogeographic and evolutionary history, leaving a signature on contemporary ant community structure.
Researchers studied polydactyly, a condition where people are born with extra fingers or toes. They found that the brain allocates dedicated areas to the extra digits, making them as useful as standard digits. This discovery could provide a blueprint for developing artificial limbs and digits.
Children who engage in organized physical activity at a young age are less likely to experience emotional difficulties by 12, according to a new study. The research suggests that consistent participation in sports can promote global development and socio-emotional benefits.
Research funded by the British Heart Foundation found nearly 276,000 pregnancies affected by high blood pressure and 223,715 with pre-eclampsia. The study revealed a 45% increased risk of serious heart conditions for women with high blood pressure during pregnancy, and a 70% increased risk for those with pre-eclampsia.
A Mount Sinai scientist has been awarded $8 million to investigate the dynamic interface between environment and human physiology over a lifetime. The research aims to prevent diseases decades before clinical signs appear, with a focus on autism, schizophrenia, and ALS.
Researchers analyzed 1.5 million actor and actress careers to discover that the most productive year is typically early in a career, with around 85% accuracy in predicting peak success. The study also found that most careers last only one year, and that actors are more likely to find work after a cold streak.
Researchers at Dartmouth College developed a new strategy for drug discovery and development, enabling the creation of targeted therapies against cancer and neurodegeneration. The technique produces potent compounds selectively toxic to glioblastoma while showing minimal harm to healthy brain cells.
The Innovation Network for Fusion Energy (INFUSE) program aims to accelerate fusion energy development through research collaborations between industry and DOE's national laboratory complex. ORNL will manage the program, leveraging its expertise in plasma experimentation, materials development, and computer modeling of fusion systems.
A study by Desert Research Institute researchers found a clear correlation between extreme heat and mortality rates in Las Vegas over the last decade. The study identified adults over 50 as particularly vulnerable to heat-related deaths, which often occurred due to pre-existing heart disease.
Scientists at Nagoya Institute of Technology create new test method using UV light to evaluate interface properties of metal and semiconductors. They found that photo-excited electrons can get trapped at the interface, causing behavioral shifts in device performance.
Researchers at Houston Methodist have identified a new regulatory mechanism in zebrafish models that leads to high levels of LDL cholesterol, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. The study suggests targeting this protein using its antagonist could reduce white blood cell counts and bring down the risk of heart disease.
The Persian walnut is the result of a 3.45 million-year-old hybridization between two long-extinct species. Using whole-genome sequencing, researchers found evidence of this ancient hybridization and provided insight into the evolution of walnuts.
Researchers received funding to investigate novel approaches to address caregiver grief, sleep dysfunction, balance problems, upper limb function deficits, memory issues, and fatigue in TBI survivors. Studies aim to enhance learning, motor skills, and functional recovery through targeted interventions.
The discovery of rare marine fossil specimens in northern Portugal has provided a more detailed picture of biodiversity during the Middle Ordovician period. Soft-bodied specimens have filled a gap in understanding evolution during this time, suggesting that many soft-bodied fossils remain to be discovered.
A study published in Psychosomatic Medicine found that a bad night's sleep can lead to a spike in blood pressure, even on the following day. Researchers wore portable blood pressure cuffs and actigraphy monitors on participants to measure the impact of sleep efficiency on cardiovascular health.
Plan U proposes funder mandates for preprint servers, making research papers accessible sooner and stimulating evolution of the publication system. This approach has been demonstrated by existing preprint servers like arXiv, which hosts over a million papers and brings benefits to biology.
Research on Drosophila reveals that Ets21c promotes intestinal epithelial renewal, but its loss accelerates tissue turnover and makes flies vulnerable to stress. The study contributes to understanding regenerative processes under favourable and stressful conditions.
Researchers at Aalto University developed a new method to assess the impact of moving Arctic ice on physical structures. The technique uses numerical experiments to simulate the effects of micro-level changes in ice loads, revealing that thickness is the most important factor in determining the wear and tear of ice on structures.
A gene mutation that became more common in humans after cooking and farming emerged as a potential adaptation to modern high-carb diets. The variant is associated with improved blood sugar regulation and may have helped ancient humans manage food scarcity.
Physicists Pawel Pieranski and Maria Helena Godinho have found that the 'dowser texture' in nematic liquid crystals responds differently to electric fields in various materials. This phenomenon, known as electro-osmosis, enables detection of subtle electrical effects.
A new Michigan Medicine research found that intensive care unit admission was associated with improved 30-day mortality rates for patients who had a STEMI heart attack and weren't clearly indicated for an ICU or non-ICU unit. The study analyzed Medicare data from over 100,000 patients hospitalized with STEMI and showed a clear benefit ...