A new study by Mount Sinai researchers found that a person's risk of uncontrolled chronic disease increases after moving to a place where the condition is more common. The study analyzed millions of adults who moved to new neighborhoods, counties, and states, tracing how their health changed after the move.
Researchers have discovered a new way to observe color through the scattering process, which combines with optical interference to create bright colors. The findings, published in Advanced Optical Materials, could have practical applications in sensing technology and security devices.
Sarah-Maria Fendt and Markus Ralser receive the EMBO Gold Medal for their pioneering work in understanding metabolic changes during cancer proliferation and metastasis formation. Their discoveries have the potential to develop more effective cancer therapies.
A new study from UNC-Chapel Hill reveals that the swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV) strain has the potential to spread to humans. The virus efficiently replicates in human airway and intestinal cells, raising concerns about its threat to public health.
A study by UNLV social media expert Natalie Pennington and Iowa State professor Kelly Winfrey examines what motivates people to engage in politics online. The research suggests that interpersonal relationships outweigh political motivations for some individuals, but high-influence goals drive others to share their views.
The 'nap' protein complex, essential for M. pneumoniae's attachment, movement, and transformation, has been clarified at the atomic level. The study reveals that P40/P90 proteins bind to sialic acid substance on cell surfaces, contrary to popular belief.
The study found that lipid-rich plaques detected by NIRS imaging are associated with adverse outcomes and can be used as a prognostic index for vulnerable plaques. High-risk plaques were identified in patients with recent myocardial infarction, and their presence was linked to increased risk of future cardiac events.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki found that thawing permafrost releases volatile organic compounds, including monoterpenes and diterpenes, which can be highly reactive and contribute to cloud formation. The study's findings introduce new uncertainties to climate change modeling.
A study found that urban daycare children developed more diverse microbiomes and signs of a better-regulated immune system after playing in renovated yards with natural forest floor. The intervention improved immune regulation and health-associated commensal microbiota among 3-5 year olds.
A new machine learning model has been developed to help characterize compounds in the development of new drugs. The model uses tandem mass spectrometry and is based on a small amount of positive and negative training data, making it useful for automating characterization of compounds by chemists.
Rochester researchers have created a new type of superconducting material that can conduct electricity without resistance at room temperature. This discovery opens the door to potential applications in power grids, levitated trains, medical imaging, and electronic devices.
The Membrane Solvent Extraction (MSX) process developed by Oak Ridge National Laboratory allows for the recovery of highly pure cobalt, nickel, lithium, and manganese from spent lithium-ion batteries. This technology contributes to a circular economy by recycling end-of-life products without generating hazardous waste.
International scientists challenge their colleagues to make Artificial Intelligence (AI) research more transparent and reproducible to accelerate the impact of their findings for cancer patients. The authors offer numerous frameworks and platforms that allow safe and effective sharing of data, computer code, and predictive models.
A recent study by IMDEA Networks Institute revealed that over 150 million websites among a billion tested contain sensitive and tracked content, despite European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) rules. The research uses machine learning classifiers to identify sensitive URLs on the web, finding that these pages are being track...
Researchers found that adult wolves form individualized social bonds with their human handlers and display attachment-like behaviors when separated. These findings suggest that the evolution of dog-human attachment may be linked to the common ancestor's social system.
A new study found that COVID-19 lockdowns led to significant improvements in air quality, averting an estimated 24,200 premature deaths in China and 2,190 in Europe. The study suggests that strong measures can be implemented to reduce air pollution and mitigate its impact on human health.
The PROSPECT ABSORB trial found PCI safe with favorable long-term outcomes for non-flow-limiting vulnerable plaques. Follow-up lumen areas were substantially enlarged in BVS-treated lesions compared to GDMT alone.
A new study led by Emily Kroska found that people who acknowledge and address their emotions during stressful times report lower stress levels than those who avoid identifying with their emotions. By maintaining relationships and engaging in valued activities, individuals can increase their psychological flexibility and reduce distress.
Researchers developed a process to measure COVID-19 antibody levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), which is faster, easier and less expensive than traditional methods. The ELISA tests had an 80% or greater probability of predicting virus neutralization titers.
A new study published in Scientific Reports found that lubricin, a protein that lubricates joints, increases in dogs with ACL injuries before signs of arthritis appear. The discovery has implications for human ACL and other orthopedic injuries, suggesting increased lubricin may be a biomarker for predicting future osteoarthritis.
Researchers will analyze stem cell activation with a focus on identifying novel mechanisms for how immature eye cells become mature visual cells. The goal is to develop regenerative therapies for diseases such as cataract, retinal degeneration, and heart disease.
A new metric, stopover-to-passage ratio, helps determine when birds fly over a site or stop to refuel or rest. The study reveals critical importance of habitats around the US Gulf Coast for sustaining migratory birds, with over half stopping at these sites.
The Gerontological Society of America invites media representatives to attend its 2020 Annual Scientific Meeting Online. The event will feature hundreds of scientific sessions and live discussions with researchers. Registration is free and provides access to all scientific sessions and the virtual exhibit hall.
Researchers have developed an ultra-sensitive hybrid nanothermometer that can detect small temperature changes in ambient conditions. The device uses a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond and a magnetic nanoparticle to measure thermal signals with a precision of 76 microkelvin per second.
Scientists have developed a simple method to comprehensively assess spectrometer performance within seconds using only incoherent excess noise. This approach enables high-quality visible light OCT imaging with improved spectral resolution uniformity, revealing new insights into the mouse photoreceptor layer.
A new model can accurately identify children at highest risk of preventable death, considering multiple risk factors. The study found that socioeconomic membership and rural areas are significant predictors of mortality risk, highlighting the need for more targeted interventions.
The WVU School of Public Health is conducting a seven-week mask observation study with the CDC to estimate correct mask-wearing rates. The study found that 85.1% of observed individuals wore masks and 84% of those who did wore them correctly, but still a quarter didn't wear masks properly.
Honey bees rely on chemical cues from shared gut microbial communities to recognize nestmates, rather than genetic relatedness. This study shows that a bee's particular cuticular hydrocarbon profile is dependent on its microbiome.
A NYUAD study reveals that the β-actin protein plays a crucial role in activating genes essential for fat tissue formation. The discovery sheds light on the molecular basis of adipogenesis, which can help researchers develop new treatments for metabolic diseases such as diabetes and obesity.
Research shows that distracted learning significantly impairs students' attention, working memory, and learning outcomes. Educators can empower students to manage distractions by fostering an internal locus of control and promoting active learning. Strategies include removing extraneous devices, using work-reward systems, and incorpora...
The American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) will highlight groundbreaking studies and discussions on cancer treatment advances, COVID-19, and racial representation in radiation therapy clinical trials at its upcoming Annual Meeting.
A new software tool called ATLAS measures children's phonological awareness, a critical skill for literacy development. The study found that the software was effective in assessing over 1,100 children aged 3-7 with varying levels of speech and language impairment.
Topological photonics explores discrete states of light, similar to Fock states of electrons. The connection between the Maxwell and Schrodinger equations reveals new topological phases, including a Haldane model for valley Hall effect.
A new study by neuroscientists at Washington State University found that regular cannabis exposure in rats during pregnancy may cause long-term cognitive deficiencies, asocial behavior, and anxiety in their offspring. The research also revealed significant behavioral changes and cognitive deficits that persisted into adulthood.
Industry is shifting towards chemical recycling as a solution to tackle the problem of plastics, breaking down them into their building blocks. The process has environmental benefits but also raises concerns about reducing plastic consumption and increasing disposable packaging production.
A team of researchers at INRS has discovered a method to tune the spectrum of a laser to the infrared using a simple and much less expensive system: a hollow-core fiber filled with nitrogen. This approach delivers optical pulses shorter than those of the input laser and with high spatial quality.
Researchers found that dog personality has a 'stable' component, but individual dogs change at different rates, and some exhibit age-related impairments. Longitudinal studies showed that specific traits, like Problem orientation and Novelty seeking, change significantly during early life.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from endothelial cells have been shown to revive heart cells after a heart attack and keep them functioning while deprived of oxygen. The researchers demonstrated this functionality in human tissue using a heart-on-a-chip model.
A study found that vaccination with the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine reduced the severity of COVID-19 in high-risk patients. Out of 36 cases, none required supplementary oxygen or respiratory insufficiency.
A comprehensive genomic analysis of neuroblastoma has revealed possible approaches for developing precision medicines to improve patient outcomes. The study found associations among common mutational traits that could be exploited therapeutically, including an association between a chromosomal mutation and oxidative stress.
A team of researchers has discovered the atomic-level mechanism that governs the length of heart muscle protein filaments, a critical component in maintaining healthy heart function. The study provides new insights into genetic mutations that cause devastating hereditary heart conditions.
A recent study shows that robot swarms can follow instructions to create paintings, using a system where an artist selects areas of the canvas to be painted a certain color. The resulting images are abstract and pleasing to the eye, with unique areas of color flowing into each other.
Researchers discovered that volcanic eruptions in Greenland and Iceland could have caused cooling episodes during the Eocene Epoch, solving a long-standing mystery about glendonites. This finding suggests that abrupt climate change is possible even in otherwise warmer climates.
A University of Reading mathematician is collaborating with Microsoft to study ancient mathematical problems, including Diophantine equations, to aid in the development of encryption software. The project aims to create more secure data protection against quantum computers that can solve complex mathematical problems quickly.
New UBC research reveals a need for improved training to address identity development issues in young people with psychosis. A survey of over 300 clinicians found that only half felt confident in addressing identity-related concerns, highlighting a gap in care.
Norbert regained tropical storm strength on Oct. 13, with estimated rainfall rates of up to 30mm/hour near its center. NASA's IMERG satellite product estimated rainfalls ranging from 5-15mm/hour throughout the storm.
Research shows that childhood maltreatment affects girls more than boys, leading to higher levels of low-grade inflammation. Girls who experienced abuse at a young age are at risk for significant health problems later in life.
A new display at Swansea University's Egypt Centre will showcase artefacts from Egypt, Greece, Rome, and other ancient civilizations to educate visitors about issues like identity, racism, and xenophobia. The exhibit aims to spark meaningful discussions on these topics, drawing from the rich material available in the ancient world.
Researchers at NIST have proposed a novel method to find dark matter by detecting its gravitational interaction with visible matter. A billion millimeter-sized pendulums would act as sensors, sensitive to particles ranging from 1/5,000 of a milligram to a few milligrams, covering the so-called Planck mass.
The article explores the debate on prioritizing racial minorities for COVID-19 vaccines, highlighting conflicts between public health recommendations and laws discouraging explicit consideration of race in policy decisions. The authors argue that strategic distribution can be done ethically and legally.
Researchers found that reusable plastic bags are the most eco-friendly option, followed by single-use plastic bags, due to their lower environmental footprint compared to single-use paper and multi-use cotton bags. Reusable plastic bags can be reused over 50 times before becoming environmentally detrimental.
A new set of assessment tools shows promise in capturing how the COVID-19 pandemic affects patterns of criminal activity. The toolkit uses resilience theory to examine the impact of exceptional events on crime patterns, with preliminary evidence linking the pandemic to increased domestic violence and declines in other forms of crime.
A new land surface model CAS-LSM was developed to assess impacts of climate change and anthropogenic disturbances on global river temperature and nitrogen transport. The model found increased river temperatures in tropical zones due to climate change, with power plants warming local rivers by up to 60% in Asia.
Researchers at Scripps Research have identified the PIEZO2 protein as a crucial part of how our body detects bladder fullness. The discovery sheds light on the mechanism underlying normal bladder function and may lead to new treatments for bladder control and urination issues, particularly among the elderly.
A systematic review of nine clinical studies involving 6,577 patients with COVID-19 found that obesity significantly increases the risk of severe illness and death. The study also highlights the importance of addressing obesity through public health policies to prevent COVID-19-related complications.
A new study in Japan found that caring for a loved one facilitates necessary end-of-life discussions, while experiencing a loved one's death does not. The experience of caregiving appears to be a key predictor of having end-of-life discussions, regardless of the caregiver's age.
The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America has updated its guidance for healthcare personnel living with HIV or hepatitis, citing low transmission rates and advances in treatments. The new recommendations aim to protect both patients and healthcare workers while ensuring privacy and health.
Despite expansion of NYC food assistance programs, high rates of food insecurity remain among low-income and minority communities. The latest survey found that 38% of New Yorkers worry about running out of food before they can buy more.
A meta-analysis of bivalirudin versus heparin in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) found that bivalirudin was associated with similar overall rates of 30-day mortality but lower rates of serious bleeding. In STEMI patients, bivalirudin use reduced all-cause mortality and serious bleeding.
Researchers have identified STAT3 as an important factor in emotional reactivity, establishing a link between the immune system, serotonergic transmission, and affective disorders. STAT3 deficiency reduces emotional reactivity in mice, suggesting its role as a molecular mediator in regulating emotional behavior.