A $779,000 grant from the USDA will support a four-year project to develop a comprehensive fire blight management strategy for American fruit growers. The research aims to improve application timing and efficacy of defense inducers and identify new genetic sources of fire blight resistance.
Researchers from Boston VA Healthcare System and Boston University School of Medicine describe a potential path forward for safely reopening community-based observational studies. They provide guidelines and best practices to mitigate risk to participants and staff while ensuring the continuation of research programs.
Researchers have discovered a way to engineer diamond's electrical conductivity without altering its chemical composition. By applying mechanical strain, they can reduce the bandgap and make diamond conduct electricity like metals, paving the way for novel applications in power electronics, quantum sensing, and more.
Researchers discovered that nicotinamide riboside (NR) improves the fitness and function of T lymphocytes, which are vital for attacking tumors. In mouse models of melanoma and colon cancer, NR enhanced anti-tumor activity by improving mitochondrial function and preventing exhaustion.
A study by the University of Birmingham found that police officers experience stress and anxiety when they perceive a violation of their psychological contract, leading to feelings of anger and frustration. The researchers also discovered that fairness and self-efficacy play a crucial role in mediating this relationship.
A young woman with kaposiform lymphangiomatosis was treated with a MEK inhibitor, resulting in complete resolution of symptoms and remodeling of her lymphatic system within months. The treatment showed promise for other patients with lymphatic disorders.
Researchers used fMRI to compare brain activity in humans and dogs while watching videos of other animals. Dog brains showed no face-specific activation, unlike humans, but did display species preference for viewing a dog over a human.
Researchers have discovered a method to convert diamond into a metal-like conductor by applying mechanical strain. This process, known as metallizing diamond nanoneedles, could lead to the development of new electronics and quantum sensing technologies.
Researchers found that cereal rye cover crops can reduce horseweed density, but may not eliminate herbicide needs. Planting green with undisturbed cover crops increased biomass and soybean yields.
Researchers at American University have developed a new method to create highly active and stable oxygen reduction reaction catalysts from spinach, which outperforms commercial platinum catalysts. The spin-based catalysts have potential applications in hydrogen fuel cells and metal-air batteries.
Researchers propose a framework for capturing mathematical structure underlying moving animals, finding unexpected connections to energy-conserving phenomena. Chaos theory suggests that animal behavior becomes increasingly unpredictable over time, with divergence occurring within a single second.
The University of Queensland's dipstick technology can extract genetic material in 30 seconds and provide a full molecular diagnosis in 40 minutes. This method has the potential to be used for affordable, rapid COVID-19 testing in various settings.
Researchers create nanoparticles that can target specific genes in bone marrow cells, showing promise for treating heart disease by reducing inflammation. The approach could also enhance stem cell yields for patients undergoing transplants.
A study by University of Chicago Medicine found that medical scribes can increase physician productivity by up to 20%, allowing for more time to focus on patients. The initial cost of employing a scribe can be recovered in less than a year, after which profits follow.
Children who attend preschool enter kindergarten with greater skills than those who don't, but this advantage is short-lived. While pre-K graduates show initial gains in academic skills, their peers quickly close the gap, suggesting that preschool's long-term benefits may be limited.
A new study is analyzing how SARS-CoV-2 spread rapidly in Asia before slowing down, with insights potentially informing secondary outbreak predictions and intervention strategies. By studying travel restrictions and quarantines, researchers are identifying factors that facilitated transmission and slowed it down.
Influenza vaccination has shown promise in preventing cardiovascular complications from COVID-19, particularly in high-risk patients. Three ongoing trials are evaluating the cardioprotective effects of different influenza vaccine formulations and may inform future efforts to develop targeted interventions.
A new study finds that Megalodon's estimated body length of up to 15 meters exceeds the general size limit for non-planktivorous sharks, which typically reach 7 meters. The research proposes live-bearing reproductive strategy and cannibalistic egg-eating behavior as possible causes for gigantism in lamniform sharks.
A UNIGE team discovers that a single gene mutation affects every skin color in corn snakes, storing both pigments and crystals in lysosome-related vesicles. This study marks a significant step forward in understanding the origin of colors and patterns in vertebrates.
Researchers analyzed dietary signatures of African and South American mammals to reconstruct ancient ecosystems. They found a similar mean dietary carbon isotopic value between Amazonian and African closed-canopy rainforests, but lacked highly negative values used to infer rainforests in fossil records.
A recent study from an international team led by Prof. ZHAO Gang, Prof. SHI Jianrong, and Dr. YAN Hongliang found that most lithium-rich stars are 'red clumps' rather than 'red giants'. The research provides new insights into the origin of the ancient element lithium.
Researchers analyzed ocean water samples from around the world using gene similarity networks, revealing over 2,000 unique sequences that are likely to represent unknown/uncharacterized unicellular Holozoans. The discovery provides new insights into the evolution of multicellularity and the origin of animals.
A fossil analysis reveals that 69% of Bahamian land bird species have changed their distributions in response to human activities and climate shifts. The study found that bird populations are at risk due to factors such as increasing hurricane severity, rising sea levels, and habitat loss.
A new study found that Halloween and Easter holidays are associated with a significant spike in peanut and tree-nut allergies among children. The study suggests that increased awareness and education can help reduce the risk of anaphylaxis, a life-threatening allergic reaction.
Researchers from Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology have developed a method to extract active compounds from black soldier fly larvae, which possess unique antimicrobial properties. The extract, called AWME, has been shown to be more effective than antibiotics in combating phytopathogenic bacteria.
A team of researchers has identified networks of genes that regulate neuron regeneration in certain animals, such as zebrafish. This discovery may lead to the development of new treatments for neurodegenerative disorders, including blindness and Parkinson's disease.
The exercise showed that participating laboratories are skilled in radiometric determinations, but struggled with dating results due to varying experience. The application of the 210Pb sediment dating method requires expert knowledge and multidisciplinary expertise.
Pediatric brain cancer researcher Jezabel R. Blanco will receive a $300,000 grant to explore medulloblastoma, a subtype of brain tumor that tends to be particularly deadly in children under three. Her research aims to target the stem cell reservoir of these tumors and develop new treatments.
Researchers from Children's Hospital of Philadelphia demonstrate the effectiveness of virtual driving assessments in identifying safety-critical skill deficits and providing personalized feedback. The tool has been shown to be valid, feasible, and efficient, with a potential to reduce crashes and improve driver safety.
A uOttawa-led research project aims to examine how primary care providers can offer better healthcare for people living with serious mental illness. The study will analyze the primary health care experience of this population group and identify ways to improve the system.
Tropical Storm Chan-hom's visible image revealed an exposed low-level circulation center, while bands of thunderstorms wrapped into the partially exposed center. The storm is expected to strengthen over the next three days, potentially developing a more circular shape.
Researchers at TU Graz have successfully increased the catalytic performance of cyanobacteria by redirecting photosynthetic electron flow to desired reactions. This method reduces energy consumption and enhances biotechnological production, paving the way for large-scale industrial applications.
Researchers at CNIC used cardiac magnetic resonance technology to measure exercise-related hypertrabeculation in a general population. A third of participants with high vigorous physical activity met the diagnostic criteria for noncompaction cardiomyopathy, despite being healthy.
A team of researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology developed a SENSR technology that enables fast and accurate COVID-19 diagnosis using RNA sequence detection. This technology can diagnose infections in just 30 minutes, allowing for faster treatment and reducing stress on healthcare systems.
Researchers found that Asian and Hispanic populations contribute to local food culture, with restaurant availability linked to education levels of the white majority population. The study tested three models of assimilation and primarily found evidence for relational assimilation.
A survey report in the Journal of Healthcare Management finds that women executives are less likely to see employers as gender-neutral in hiring and promotion. The results show little improvement in these outcomes since 1990, highlighting a persistent gap between men's and women's perceptions of healthcare workplaces.
Syracuse University assistant professor Fanxin Kong has been awarded a National Science Foundation (NSF) grant to develop a cross-layer framework for mission-critical IoT systems. The project aims to improve scalability, security, and intelligence in IoT infrastructures for various industries such as medical, energy, transportation, an...
Researchers analyzed isotopic data from Amazonian and African mammals to understand feeding habits and ecosystems. The study found no significant difference in dietary carbon isotope signatures between the two regions, but noted Amazonian mammals had more limited dietary resources.
A new study published in the Journal of Crime and Justice found that undocumented immigration has no significant effect on violent crime, but a negative impact on property crime. This contradicts popular misconceptions about immigrants being a driver of crime rates.
A study using GPS-enabled decoy sea turtle eggs gathered evidence of the illegal trade and tracked eggs from beaches to restaurants and bars in Central America. The findings suggest that most stolen eggs remain in local areas, making it crucial to target conservation efforts towards local communities.
Researchers have developed a way to predict the properties of multiprincipal element alloys (MPEAs), which exhibit unique combinations of strength, ductility, and damage tolerance. The team used electron microscopy and atomistic simulations to unveil the mechanistic origins of desirable properties in MPEAs.
Researchers at Waseda University developed a novel technique that can produce 3D objects combining both metal and plastic. This breakthrough opens up new possibilities for 3D electronics, potentially leading to improved healthcare and nursing care devices.
A recent study found that the 2016 US presidential election led to an increase in anxiety and depression among Muslim college students. The researchers analyzed data from over 1,000 students and discovered a significant association between the election outcome and mental health outcomes.
Researchers found that officers can cut their chance of making misdiagnosis shooting errors by more than half when using a low ready position. The study, published in Police Quarterly, suggests that this simple adjustment could lead to fewer perception shootings and improved safety.
Infrared light analysis from NASA's Aqua satellite shows wind shear pushing Marie's strongest storms east of the center, with cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 50 degrees Fahrenheit. The storm is expected to weaken and degenerate into a remnant low by Tuesday night.
A new paper by Berkeley Haas Prof. Jennifer Chatman and colleagues shows narcissistic leaders 'infect' their organizations' cultures, leading to decreased collaboration and integrity. The researchers reveal how narcissists create lasting damage on employee morale and performance.
Researchers developed a technique to increase sensitivity of nasal swab tests by recognizing faint signals in diagnostic data. The new method helps spot asymptomatic cases more accurately and reduce false negatives.
A new study found that Pinterest's moderation of vaccine-related content led to a significant shift in search results, with more accurate information about the HPV vaccine and its benefits. Despite this, limiting search results may contribute to confusion or an information vacuum.
A new potential drug treatment has been discovered for a type of lung-cancer. Researchers have found that combining osimertinib with linsitinib can cure or delay tumor recurrence in EGFR-mutated lung cancer, even in AXL-low expressing tumors.
A team of chemical engineers developed a simplified chemistry for zeolite membrane synthesis, eliminating lengthy crystallization and producing high-temperature hydrogen-carbon dioxide separation membranes. The scalable synthesis is expected to improve pre-combustion carbon capture energy-efficiency.
Researchers found 26 mammals that could be susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection due to variations in the ACE2 protein. These include domestic cats, dogs, mink, and great apes, which could potentially act as reservoirs for the virus.
A new computational tool, Metabolite Translator, uses deep learning to predict metabolites in the human body, providing a broader understanding of how drugs interact with enzymes. The method has been shown to perform as well as existing rule-based methods and identified novel enzymes involved in drug metabolism.
Researchers have made significant progress in understanding the sources of relativistic Electron Precipitation (REP) events, which may pose challenges to human spaceflight. The study reveals that at least three separate processes contribute to REP events: EMIC waves, Whistler mode chorus waves, and electrostatic whistler waves.
Researchers developed a new spectroscopy method, 'omnidirectional photoluminescence (ODPL) spectroscopy,' to test materials for electric cars and solar cells. The technique can detect defects and impurities at low temperatures.
Researchers found that a series of chemical reactions control a feedback loop that senses energy need and replenishes it by recruiting cellular powerplants to synapses. This mechanism sustains synaptic efficacy in neurons controlling thoughts, feelings, and movements.
Researchers developed a compact, low-cost system that enables fast 3D hyperspectral imaging. The system uses a monochrome camera to capture both depth information and color information, allowing for improved analysis of real-world scenes and objects.
Researchers found that epigenomic modifications, specifically changes to chromatin structure, control the encoding and retrieval of memories. The study reveals a four-stage process where genes become activated and primed for expression during memory recall.
A study by the American Society of Anesthesiologists found that patients who used telemedicine for chronic pain management saved an average of 69 minutes per visit and $22 on gas and parking costs. This reduced travel time and expenses, leading to improved patient satisfaction.
Researchers at King's College London have developed a new method for detecting congenital heart disease in babies, using 4D visualizations of the heart to measure blood flow and vessel function. This technology could become a new tool for aiding diagnosis, potentially improving outcomes for babies born with the condition.
A study found that higher vitamin D levels in pregnancy may protect against childhood high blood pressure, particularly for children born to mothers with preeclampsia. The analysis of data on 754 mother-child pairs revealed a dose-related association between cord-blood vitamin D levels and reduced offspring blood pressure.