Research shows that adult global longitudinal strain declines significantly with increased exposure to secondhand smoke in childhood. The study found a link between childhood smoking exposure and decreased heart function in adulthood, highlighting the importance of protecting children from passive smoking.
The University of Göttingen's research network is investigating the development of world order conceptions in China, Europe, and other regions. The team will examine cultural hegemonies, social movements, and global power arrangements.
Researchers developed a novel photodynamic therapy to target insulin-producing lesions, showing promise in slowing tumor growth and inducing cell death. The treatment could provide a minimally invasive option for hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, improving patient management.
A 3D modeling tool has been created to visualize the components of SARS-CoV-2, ranging from 10 to 100 nanometers in size. The model provides a detailed representation of the virus's structure, including its nucleocapsid proteins and RNA strand.
Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) is underdiagnosed and characterized by multiple painful bone swellings. A new study identifies common features among CNO patients, including predominantly female sex, intermittent pain, and symmetric patterns of bone lesions. These findings can help clinicians improve diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers have identified a unique population of CD38hiCD127- CD8 T cells in patients with checkpoint inhibitor-induced arthritis, which are both cytotoxic and proliferating. This discovery could lead to the development of targeted treatments for this side effect.
Researchers from USTC and SIAT successfully observed individual GABAA receptors and their organization on the synaptic membrane using in situ cryo-electron tomography. The study revealed a 11-nm social distancing among receptors, forming a mesophasic assembly that regulates neurotransmitter release.
Researchers at USTC develop materials with a hierarchical structure similar to nacre, exhibiting excellent mechanical properties and thermal stability. The new materials outperform conventional plastics in terms of strength and toughness, making them a promising alternative for plastic replacement.
A study by Hospital for Special Surgery found that children with polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) from less affluent families were twice as likely to report over an hour of morning joint stiffness. This may indicate early disease symptoms and the importance of timely referrals for expert diagnosis and treatment.
A study published in the Journal of Marketing found that consumers rate healthy foods as more natural and nutritious when they are presented in a visually appealing way, according to classical aesthetics principles. This effect can influence consumer behavior, leading to increased willingness to pay for pretty food.
Researchers have discovered that malaria parasites secrete the protein EXP2 to create pores in host cell membranes, facilitating entry. Blocking or decreasing liver infection can prevent malaria. The findings open a new pathway for prophylactic interventions and may lead to the development of treatments.
A brief five-week pilot intervention improved preschoolers' behavioral regulation and liking of fruits and vegetables. The study found significant gains in these skills among children who received the intervention, compared to those who did not.
Scientists have demonstrated a novel material that exhibits superconductivity in the form of a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), bridging a gap between two previously thought incompatible methods. This breakthrough could lead to new understanding and applications of superconduction, including potentially room-temperature devices.
A genetically edited form of a herpes simplex virus has outperformed a leading vaccine candidate in a new study, significantly increasing antibody production and reducing viral replication. The modified live virus demonstrated cross-protection against both HSV-1 and HSV-2, suggesting an HSV-2-specific edition could be even more effective.
A recent study suggests that formal 'green prescriptions' to spend time in nature for people with mental health conditions may actually undermine some of the benefits. Research found that visits were associated with emotional and wellbeing benefits when done by choice, but not when pressured by others.
Researchers from the University of Edinburgh have identified a previously unknown species of teleosauroid and seven close relatives, offering insights into their adaptability and behavior. The study creates an updated family tree of the group, revealing two new large groups with distinct anatomical features.
Researchers discovered that overexpressing protein kinase A (PKA) improves muscle resistance to fatigue in mice by suppressing FoxO proteins and increasing oxidative potential. This study offers a potential solution for treating atrophy and promoting muscle growth without severe side effects.
Feather color changes in birds are influenced by molt, which is necessary for flight and attracts mates. Birds that migrate farther distances replace more feathers during their journeys.
Researchers from KIST and PNU developed an encryption device that detects circularly polarized light to strengthen IoT security. The device uses a phototransistor with cholesteric liquid crystal and π-conjugated polymer, exhibiting high sensitivity in detecting circular polarization.
A study presented at ACR Convergence found that adults with systemic lupus erythematosus who receive TMP-SMX are at high risk for adverse reactions. Lupus patients with anti-Smith antibodies were significantly associated with a higher risk of an adverse drug reaction.
Researchers demonstrate that trained neutrophil granulocytes can inhibit tumour growth and increase the chances for treatment in certain patients. The training process involves administering beta-glucan, which alters gene activity in precursor cells, leading to long-term effects.
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is widely used for predicting protein secondary structure and quantifying proteins. The technique can detect structural modifications due to interactions with other materials, making it useful for various sample types.
Researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder have developed a stretchy and fully-recyclable circuit board that can heal itself like real skin. The device can perform various sensory tasks, including measuring body temperature and tracking daily step counts.
A team led by Eric Gaidos discovered the mechanism behind glacial lake floods, which are some of the largest on Earth. The researchers found that hydraulic connections between glaciers and lakes can lead to sudden and unpredictable floods.
Researchers discovered a nearly complete skeleton of a juvenile Plateosaurus, nicknamed 'Fabian', which showed a largely fully developed morphology at an early age. The young dinosaur was estimated to be around 7.5 feet long and weigh 40-60 kilograms.
Researchers explore how standardized visualization influences our understanding of the world, linking material culture to brain development and social power dynamics. The study spans prehistoric societies to contemporary digital technologies, examining the role of reification in shaping our vision.
A new study by the University of Miami finds that warmer Atlantic Ocean temperatures are linked to increased rainfall in Florida during late summer. The research highlights human influences on climate change as a key factor in this link, and suggests an increase in late summer rainfall is expected in the future.
A new study suggests that eliminating out-of-pocket costs for contraception is linked to more consistent contraceptive use and lower birth rates across all income groups. The most significant decline was observed among people from the lowest income group, experiencing a 22% drop in births.
A new study published in the Journal of Transport & Health found that a jughandle design can virtually eliminate single bicycle crashes at railway crossings. The design realigns the approach angle to about 60 degrees, reducing the risk of tire being caught in the gap between the rail and pavement.
A new telescope, Outrigger, will be built at the Green Bank Observatory to pinpoint the locations of Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) in far-off galaxies. The telescope will work with the existing CHIME telescope to triangulate FRB locations and provide insights into their nature.
Researchers found that a commonly prescribed anti-depressant can halt the growth of childhood sarcoma by targeting a specific receptor, offering hope for novel treatment strategies. The study provides a new paradigm for controlling tumour-driving receptors and could lead to the development of specific therapeutics.
Research found that species-rich plant communities reduce herbivore impacts, supporting natural predators and providing less nutritious food for herbivores. This leads to increased plant biomass per square meter and lower damage from arthropod herbivores.
A new study found that California's CalEnviroScreen program may miss eligible communities for climate adaptation funding. The researchers identified 348 additional communities that would be eligible under two alternative indices.
Researchers use advanced simulation to model large mass ratio black hole merger, predicting characteristics of ultimate merged black hole and its speed. The simulation's success could help plan future gravitational wave detectors and answer mysteries about black holes.
Researchers identified key enzyme PPM1F that regulates integrins' detachment from ECM, allowing cells to move in protein meshwork. The discovery sheds light on how cells balance attachment to versus detachment from extracellular matrix.
A new BU study finds that bisexual youth are twice as likely to start smoking compared to their straight peers. Coming out as lesbian or gay did not increase the risk of smoking. The research highlights the need for targeted public health interventions to address the unique challenges faced by bisexual young people.
Researchers from Kyushu University developed a technique that improves the resolution of fluorescence images of living cells using plasmonic metasurfaces. The metasurface, composed of self-assembled gold nanoparticles, enhances the focus of light-emitting molecules, resulting in high-resolution imaging capabilities.
A new study found that patients with rheumatoid arthritis taking biologic DMARDs have a 17% lower risk of developing dementia compared to those on conventional synthetic DMARDs. The treatment reduces inflammation, which may explain the decreased risk.
The employment-to-population ratio for working-age people with disabilities increased to 29.2% in October, while labor force participation rates improved slightly compared to last year. The ongoing pandemic and federal aid uncertainty remain major concerns.
Scientists have successfully produced and studied a quantum spin liquid (QSL) in a new material called EDT-BCO. The QSL emerges due to the unique structure of the material, which includes triangularly organized dimers and sublattice of carboxylate anions.
The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) honored 37 distinguished members with the 2020 Master of the ACR designation for their contributions to rheumatology research and patient care. The ACR also recognized leading researchers and clinicians with its Awards of Distinction, including the Presidential Gold Medal and the Paulding Phel...
Researchers from NTU and SUTD review recent efforts on 3D printing of spacers and membranes, highlighting its potential to reduce dead zones and mitigate membrane fouling. They also introduce 'hybrid additive manufacturing' as a process combining 3D printing with other methods for fabricating membranes.
Researchers developed a new method to optimize materials exhibiting metal-insulator transitions (MIT) using Bayesian optimization and latent-variable Gaussian processes. The approach identified 12 previously unidentified MIT materials with optimal functionality and synthesizability.
Research by Universidad Complutense de Madrid found that ayahuasca's DMT promotes neurogenesis, forming new neurons and other cells like astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. This capacity suggests great therapeutic potential for various neurological diseases.
Dr. Sonia Y. Angell receives the American Heart Association's 2020 Chairman's Award for her dynamic leadership in public health and promotion of cardiovascular health. Her notable achievements include enacting regulations to ban trans fatty acids, launching coalitions to reduce sodium and sugar in food supply.
Air pollution and noise exposure are linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Researchers recommend reducing air pollution limits to prevent thousands of excess deaths. They also suggest strategies for mitigating road traffic and aircraft noise, such as quieter tires and better flight routing.
Researchers are racing to collect and conserve wild banana species critical to helping bananas adapt to climate change, pests, and diseases. In a recent expedition, scientists gathered over 31 bunches of eight different species, highlighting the importance of conserving genetic diversity.
Astronomers have developed a new method to detect dark matter haloes surrounding galaxies, allowing for more precise measurements of the invisible mass. By analyzing the gravitational lensing effect on galaxy rotation, researchers can infer the amount of dark matter required to explain observed distortions.
Researchers studied Germanium telluride crystals at the nanoscale to understand its ferroelectric properties and their potential applications in non-volatile spintronic devices. The study found two distinct types of boundaries surrounding ferroelectric nanodomains with sizes between 10 to 100 nanometres.
Researchers identified diverse groups of cortical stem and progenitor cells with distinct gene expression profiles, contributing to neural complexity in the adult cerebral cortex. The study's findings support the protomap theory, which suggests that early cell diversity paves the way for later neuronal diversity.
Researchers designed nanocrystal structures using platinum compounds to effectively encapsulate and transport hydrophobic drugs. The study achieved high encapsulation efficiency of up to 79% and shows potential for biomedicine applications.
A new study analyzing cognitive decline in diverse Latinx populations found that the APOE-ε4 gene variant is associated with increased risk of cognitive decline. Interestingly, a higher proportion of genetic Amerindian ancestry was found to protect against this risk.
A new study found that plastic bottles colonize with diverse bacterial communities, while elevated CO2 levels negatively impact certain species. Researchers warn of the increasing threat posed by plastics and ocean acidification to marine biodiversity.
Dr. Ann Marie Schmidt has made critical contributions to understanding the connections between heart disease and diabetes through her discovery of the RAGE receptor. Her work aims to develop targeted treatments for obesity and its complications, with the potential to impact hundreds of millions of lives worldwide.
Researchers have identified two compounds that can inhibit both the main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 and cathepsin L, a human protein involved in viral entry. The study found that these compounds may improve treatment by simultaneously targeting multiple steps of the virus's life cycle.
Scientists at Linköping University develop a lead-free magnetic double perovskite with interesting optoelectronic properties, opening the possibility of coupling spintronics with optoelectronics. The new material exhibits a magnetic response at temperatures below 30 K.
A team of researchers has discovered how an enzyme called UCH37 helps cells get rid of damaged proteins. By removing branchpoints from ubiquitin chains, UCH37 allows proteins to be degraded more efficiently, which could lead to new cancer treatments.
Research highlights the need for tuberculosis (TB) screening and ongoing clinical care for people on methotrexate living in areas with high TB prevalence. Methotrexate users taking corticosteroids or immunosuppressants are at increased risk of TB infection.
Dr. Michelle A. Albert is recognized for her groundbreaking research on cardiovascular population research, addressing social determinants of health and health disparities in vulnerable populations. Her work aims to improve cardiovascular health and reduce health inequities globally.
A new study reveals that patients with Parkinson's disease may have an undetected rare neurodegenerative disorder called NIID. Symptoms of NIID include dementia and poor balance. Researchers found NIID-causing mutations in those diagnosed with PD, suggesting a link between the two conditions.