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Science News Archive 2021 - Page 151


Page 151 of 510

Subtle differences: Examining the disease activity indices used for rheumatoid arthritis

A new study examines the similarities and differences among disease activity indices used to monitor rheumatoid arthritis. Researchers found that while there are high correlations among the indices, they were not interchangeable, highlighting the need for further analysis of RA in patients using various indices.

SourceCactus Communications·JournalChinese Medical Journal·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateSep 2, 2021

Vaccine passports linked to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in UK and Israel

A study found that people who feel their sense of autonomy is unmet by government incentives like vaccine passports are less likely to take the COVID-19 vaccine. The research highlights that public health incentives might affect people's vaccination decisions in unintended ways, potentially undermining herd immunity.

SourceImperial College London·JournalVaccines·TypeObservational study·DateSep 2, 2021

Quantum emitters: Beyond crystal clear to single-photon pure

A new technique developed by KAIST researchers uses a 'nanoscale focus pinspot' to isolate and enhance the quality of quantum emitters. By reducing unwanted background noise without altering the optical properties, this method enables the production of single, pure photons with improved purity.

SourceThe Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)·JournalACS Nano·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 2, 2021

Setting the teeth on edge: Identifying the risk factors for tooth loss

A study published in International Journal of Environment and Public Health Research reveals that oral bacteria, specifically P. gingivalis and Lactobacillaceae families, are associated with periodontitis. Genetic differences among hosts contribute to susceptibility to pathogens, but the oral microbiome plays a more significant role in...

SourceOkayama University·JournalInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·TypeMeta-analysis·DateSep 2, 2021
Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach

Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach provides rugged GNSS navigation, satellite messaging, and SOS for backcountry geology and climate field teams.

Astronomers create the first 3D-printed stellar nurseries

Researchers have created the first 3D-printed stellar nurseries, revealing features often obscured in traditional renderings. The models, about the size of a baseball, display swirling clumps and filaments, allowing for better understanding of star formation and physical processes.

SourceUniversity of California - Santa Cruz·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateSep 2, 2021

Gut and heart signals affect how we see ourselves

A study by Anglia Ruskin University found that weaker internal connections between the brain and organs are linked to negative body image. Adults with less efficient brains at detecting internal messages are more likely to experience body shame and weight preoccupation.

SourceAnglia Ruskin University·JournalCortex·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 2, 2021
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.

TRACS set the stage in flatworm regeneration

Recent research published in Nature Cell Biology reveals the complex role of transient regeneration-activating cell states (TRACS) and other cell types in planarian flatworm regeneration. TRACS were found to exist near and distant from wound sites, contributing to regenerative capacity.

SourceStowers Institute for Medical Research·JournalNature Cell Biology·DateSep 2, 2021

Getting to the core of a more nutritious apple

A new analysis platform developed by Ohio State University scientists combines genetics and phytochemical data to improve the health benefits of apples. The platform has potential to reduce breeding time and enable data-driven assessments of how to boost apple nutrition.

SourceOhio State University·JournalNew Phytologist·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateSep 2, 2021

With time and without masks, COVID-19 vaccines wane in protection

A study of highly vaccinated health workers found that COVID-19 vaccines lost effectiveness in protecting against symptomatic infection by July, with only 65% protection remaining. The emergence of the delta variant and lifting of masking mandates contributed to this decline in vaccine efficacy.

SourceUniversity of California - San Diego·JournalNew England Journal of Medicine·DateSep 2, 2021
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

New discovery made by MUSC Hollings Cancer Center researchers enhances understanding of colorectal cancer

MUSC Hollings Cancer Center researchers discovered a novel mechanism showing how a certain gene mutation can allow tumors to evade detection by the immune system in colorectal cancer patients. The study found that APC mutations lead to increased levels of PD-L1, which allows tumors to evade T-cell function and increase immunosuppression.

SourceMedical University of South Carolina·JournalOncogene·DateSep 2, 2021

Study: Crowds can wise up to fake news

A new study by MIT researchers found that crowdsourced accuracy judgments from groups of normal readers can be virtually as effective as the work of professional fact-checkers. The study deployed 1,128 U.S. residents who rated news stories and found that their average ratings correlated with those of professional fact-checkers.

SourceMassachusetts Institute of Technology·JournalScience Advances·DateSep 1, 2021

Immune cell betrayal explains why it gets colder as we age

Researchers at Yale University found that aging immune cells within fat tissue lose their ability to produce heat in cold temperatures. Stimulating new production of these cells actually makes older mice more prone to cold-induced death.

SourceYale University·JournalCell Metabolism·DateSep 1, 2021

Flooding patterns expected to change with future warming

Climate change is altering flooding patterns, with moderate storms producing less runoff due to increased soil moisture, but extreme storms causing more devastating flooding. The study's findings have significant implications for infrastructure design and flood risk mitigation strategies.

SourceNational Center for Atmospheric Research/University Corporation for Atmospheric Research·JournalCommunications Earth & Environment·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateSep 1, 2021
Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition

Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition is a durable star atlas for planning sessions, identifying targets, and teaching celestial navigation.

Dogs tell the difference between intentional and unintentional action

Researchers found that dogs respond differently to food rewards withheld intentionally versus unintentionally. Dogs waited longer in the 'unwilling' condition, indicating they can differentiate between purposeful and accidental actions.

SourceMax Planck Institute of Geoanthropology·JournalScientific Reports·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 1, 2021

Food for seals and other Arctic predators is shrinking — literally

A new study found that Arctic cod biomass and distribution will decline dramatically by the end of the century, while smaller fish like capelin and sand lance will become more prevalent. This shift may leave predators with less energy gained during foraging, forcing them to spend more energy to catch smaller fish.

SourceUniversity of British Columbia·JournalEcology Letters·DateSep 1, 2021

COVID-19 long-haulers at risk of developing kidney damage, disease

Research reveals a significant decline in kidney function among COVID-19 long-haulers and even those with mild infections. The study highlights the critical need for paying attention to kidney function and disease in caring for patients who have had COVID-19, as kidney problems can be silent and untreated until it's too late.

SourceWashington University in St. Louis·JournalJournal of the American Society of Nephrology·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateSep 1, 2021

Best of both worlds: Updating the chemical process to remove organic pollutants from water

Researchers from India and Saudi Arabia have combined oxidation and photocatalysis to create a heterogeneous photo-Fenton system that degrades phenols at higher rates than individual approaches. The system is highly photostable and reusable, making it promising for practical applications in wastewater purification.

SourceShoolini University·JournalJournal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 1, 2021
Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C)

Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C) keeps Macs, tablets, and meters powered during extended observing runs and remote surveys.

Patterns of income and urbanization impact mammal biodiversity in the concrete jungle

A study of 20 US cities reveals that urban intensity, characterized by paved landscapes and high population density, is a stronger correlate with mammal biodiversity than income. While the 'luxury effect' shows some correlation between income and biodiversity, it's not strong enough to explain the observed patterns.

SourceUniversity of Utah·JournalGlobal Change Biology·TypeObservational study·DateSep 1, 2021

Misinformation on Twitter adversely affects adults’ health decisions

A study published in BMJ Open found that brief exposure to misinformation about e-cigarette harms on Twitter can deter adult smokers from considering using e-cigarettes. Conversely, some US adult smokers may be encouraged to use e-cigarettes after being exposed to tweets that claim they are completely harmless.

SourceUniversity of Bristol·JournalBMJ Open·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 1, 2021

Rheumatoid arthritis treated with implanted cells that release drug

Researchers have genetically engineered cells that can deliver a biologic drug in response to inflammation, reducing inflammation and preventing bone damage in mice with rheumatoid arthritis. This approach could provide personalized treatments for arthritis patients, limiting side effects associated with current therapies.

SourceWashU Medicine·JournalScience Advances·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 1, 2021

Nasal cartilage relieves osteoarthritis in the knee

Researchers from the University of Basel have found that nasal cartilage cells can withstand chronic inflammatory conditions and counteract inflammation in osteoarthritis. The approach involves using engineered cartilage tissue to repair or replace damaged joints, offering a promising alternative to joint prostheses.

SourceUniversity of Basel·JournalScience Translational Medicine·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 1, 2021
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

Cleveland Clinic researchers develop bionic arm that restores natural behaviors in patients with upper limb amputations

Researchers created a bionic arm that combines intuitive motor control with touch and hand movement sensation, enabling wearers to think and behave like a person without an amputation. The system's bi-directional feedback and control allowed study participants to perform tasks with similar accuracy as non-disabled people.

SourceCleveland Clinic·JournalScience Robotics·DateSep 1, 2021

Unmarried adults with heart disease living in rural areas face more hopelessness, increased risk of death

Adults with heart disease living in rural areas experience higher levels of hopelessness and an increased risk of death. The study found that living in a rural setting is a significant risk factor for feelings of hopelessness among people with heart disease, which can more than triple the risk of death or heart attack.

SourceAmerican Heart Association·JournalJournal of the American Heart Association·DateSep 1, 2021

Novel approach reverses amblyopia in animals

A new study demonstrates that temporarily anesthetizing the retina of the non-amblyopic eye can lastingly improve vision in the amblyopic eye even after the critical period. The approach has shown promising results in two different mammal species, offering a potential pathway for a new and more effective treatment for amblyopia.

SourcePicower Institute at MIT·JournaleLife·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 1, 2021
Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter

Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter is a trusted meter for precise measurements during instrument integration, repairs, and field diagnostics.

Mathematical model reveals possible role of drug-eluting stents in artery re-closure

Researchers develop novel models to investigate the impact of drug-eluting stents on arterial tissue permeability and blood flow. The study identifies key factors contributing to restenosis near stent edges, highlighting potential avenues for design improvements.

SourceSociety for Industrial and Applied Mathematics·JournalSIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateSep 1, 2021

Fancy a Swim?

Researchers at the University of Tsukuba reviewed the scientific literature on swimming hydrodynamics and identified key areas for improvement. They found that certain biomechanical aspects, such as velocity and drag forces, are not fully understood, but optimizing technique can lead to a competitive edge.

SourceUniversity of Tsukuba·JournalSports Biomechanics·DateSep 1, 2021
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

Sand is one of our most used resources, but the industry is not sustainable

The sand industry is unsustainable due to rapid consumption, conflicting with eight of the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals. Environmental and local human consequences are significant, including erosion, flooding, and polluted drinking water.

SourceUniversity of Copenhagen - The Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences·JournalOne Earth·TypeSystematic review·DateSep 1, 2021

Vanity plates in Greece may be a form of “conspicuous corruption”

A new study finds that distinctive license plates in Greece are more likely to appear on luxury cars, suggesting a market for bribery to obtain more desirable plates. This phenomenon is seen as a form of conspicuous corruption, where the value of the plate lies not in its price but in the hint of rule-breaking.

SourcePLOS·JournalPLOS ONE·TypeObservational study·DateSep 1, 2021
GoPro HERO13 Black

GoPro HERO13 Black records stabilized 5.3K video for instrument deployments, field notes, and outreach, even in harsh weather and underwater conditions.

CHOP researchers show key differences in emotion, adaptation skills of children with autism in school settings

A study by CHOP researchers reveals that children with autism on the autism spectrum who have impaired executive functioning skills face specific challenges in a school setting. The findings suggest that these challenges worsen as children experience adolescence, emphasizing the need for early intervention supports.

SourceChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia·JournalAutism·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateSep 1, 2021

Beyond dopamine: New reward circuitry discovered

Researchers have discovered a new pathway in the brain that plays a key role in rewards and reinforcement. GABA neurons from the ventral tegmental area project to the nucleus accumbens shell, promoting reward processing. This finding offers new avenues for understanding psychiatric diseases such as depression and addiction.

SourceUniversity of Washington School of Medicine/UW Medicine·JournalNature Neuroscience·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 1, 2021

Doubling the number of species of hand-standing spotted skunks

Researchers analyzed skunk DNA to determine the correct number of species, revealing seven species, including the previously recognized four. The revised family tree highlights the distinct evolutionary lineages of each species, making conservation efforts more effective.

SourceField Museum·JournalMolecular Phylogenetics and Evolution·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 1, 2021

People look alike if we think they have similar personalities, new study finds

A new study by NYU researchers reveals that knowledge of an individual's personality can affect facial recognition, leading to biased perceptions. The study found that when participants believed two individuals had similar personalities, their faces were perceived as more similar, even if they lacked physical resemblance.

SourceNew York University·JournalCognition·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 1, 2021
GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter logs beta, gamma, and X-ray levels for environmental monitoring, training labs, and safety demonstrations.

Indigenous and local communities key to successful nature conservation

A systematic review of 169 conservation projects worldwide reveals that Indigenous and local communities are crucial for successful nature conservation. The study found that equitable conservation approaches, empowering local communities, yield positive outcomes for both humans and the environment. However, complex factors such as comm...

SourceUniversity of East Anglia·JournalEcology and Society·TypeSystematic review·DateSep 1, 2021

Antibiotics increase the risk of colon cancer

Researchers found a significant link between antibiotic use and an increased risk of developing colon cancer within five to ten years. The risk was highest for those taking antibiotics for over six months, with a 17% greater likelihood of colon cancer in the ascending colon compared to non-users.

SourceUmea University·JournalJNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateSep 1, 2021
Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station

Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station offers research-grade local weather data for networked stations, campuses, and community observatories.

Discovery paves way for improved quantum devices

Physicists have developed a new method to identify and address imperfections in materials for quantum computing. The technique, terahertz scanning near-field optical microscopy, has been used to optimize fabrication protocols and reduce decoherence.

SourceUniversity of Queensland·JournalApplied Physics Letters·DateSep 1, 2021

Salinas Valley teens find green cleaning is worth the hype

A study by UC Berkeley researchers and Salinas Valley teens found that switching to green cleaning products can reduce users' exposure to up to 17 different harmful chemicals. The study, led by co-author Jessica Cabrera, showed an 86% decrease in chloroform exposure after making the switch.

SourceUniversity of California - Berkeley·JournalEnvironmental Health Perspectives·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 1, 2021

Rheumatoid arthritis drug combined with standard of care may help reduce mortality for hospitalized COVID-19 patients

A study found that hospitalized COVID-19 patients who received the rheumatoid arthritis drug baricitinib, in combination with the standard of care, died less often than those receiving only the standard of care. The COV-BARRIER trial showed a 5% reduction in 28-day and 60-day mortality.

SourceVanderbilt University Medical Center·JournalThe Lancet Respiratory Medicine·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateSep 1, 2021
Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4) runs demanding GIS, imaging, and annotation workflows on the go for surveys, briefings, and lab notebooks.

Encapsulated NiCo alloy nanoparticles catalyzing HDO reactions

Researchers develop efficient Ni-Co alloy nanoparticle catalysts for HDO reactions, achieving 100% selectivity and conversion efficiency. The synergistic effect of alloyed nanoparticles enhances deoxygenation activity and selectivity.

SourceDalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy Sciences·JournalChinese Journal of Catalysis·DateSep 1, 2021

Long-lasting disinfectant promises to help fight pandemics

Researchers at the University of Central Florida developed a nanoparticle-based disinfectant that continuously kills viruses on surfaces for up to seven days. The discovery has antiviral activity against multiple viruses and could be a powerful tool against COVID-19 and emerging pathogenic viruses.

SourceUniversity of Central Florida·JournalACS Nano·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 1, 2021

Using machine learning to understand complex auctions

Researchers at Technical University of Munich have developed a new machine learning algorithm that can analyze complex markets and their equilibrium strategies. This breakthrough has potential applications in auction theory, wireless spectrum auctions, and more.

SourceTechnical University of Munich (TUM)·JournalNature Machine Intelligence·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateSep 1, 2021

The future of flooding in Venice: improving projections, predictions and protection in the face of expected sea level rise

A new assessment indicates that higher emissions will significantly impact Venice's flood risk, emphasizing the need for improved projections and protection infrastructure. The study highlights the importance of accurate sea level projections and the potential for extreme events like meteotsunamis to exacerbate flooding.

SourceEuropean Geosciences Union·JournalNatural Hazards and Earth System Sciences·TypeLiterature review·DateSep 1, 2021
Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm)

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm) tracks health metrics and safety alerts during long observing sessions, fieldwork, and remote expeditions.