Researchers studied how dominant and tolerant primate species communicate vocally. They found that more tolerant species use communication to achieve goals, while despotic species rely on aggression. The study, published in Royal Society Open Science, provides insights into the evolution of vocal communication in primates.
A Harvard study found that 20% of diabetes patients with high-deductible health plans reported skipping medications due to cost, compared to 16% in traditional plans. Patients with insulin reliance were 31% more likely to miss medication.
The American Chemical Society's ACS Fall 2021 meeting will feature over 7,000 presentations on various scientific topics. Journalists and public information officers can register for the meeting and access on-demand content.
Researchers have developed a new integrative genetic test, LYNX, that analyzes standard and novel molecular markers in common lymphoid neoplasms. The test provides accurate detection of mutations, identification of large genome-wide chromosomal aberrations, and assessment of immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor gene rearrangements.
The first research to be simultaneously co-published in an academic journal and on Instagram showcases the meaning and aesthetic value of Mohammed Racim's work, challenging his depiction as backward-looking. Professor William Gallois' research uses high-quality images to present Racim's artistic style, previously under-recorded.
A survey of US and NYC parents found that only 49% planned to vaccinate their youngest child, with vaccine hesitancy linked to education level and income. The study highlights the need for targeted information campaigns to improve vaccination uptake among young children.
Using nearly a decade of satellite data, researchers at CSU have detected the elusive ‘milky seas’ – a rare display of bioluminescence in the ocean. The study reveals that milky seas are not adequately explained by previous hypotheses and proposes new theories for their formation.
A recent call for expanded research into climate change's impact on human-wildlife interactions aims to mitigate conflicts and alert policymakers, experts, and citizens. Climate-related changes in ecosystems and animal behaviors increase contact and competition between people and animals.
Researchers discovered that PIEZO channels in plant cells are located deeper within the cell, in vacuole membranes, not along the plasma membrane as in animal cells. This finding sheds light on how plant cells perceive and respond to mechanical forces.
Astronomers have captured the first-ever spin measurements of HR 8799, revealing minimum rotation speeds of 10.1 km/s and 15 km/s for planets d and e, respectively. The findings provide new insights into planet formation and magnetic braking, hinting at a possible trend where lower mass planets spin faster.
A new study reveals that the domestication of plants and construction of settlements based on agriculture in ancient Japan coincided with periods of relatively warm and stable climate. This challenges the conventional theory that a climatic cooling event drove humans to adopt agriculture.
A study of over 26,000 graves reveals that early medieval Europe's burial transformation was not as simple as a linear trajectory from variable to standardized. Instead, there is significant regional variability and cultural connections between areas like Kent and northern France.
Researchers developed a new screening system to evaluate 'perspective taking' difficulties in autistic adults, using a simple questionnaire and short clips. The tool showed limitations in drawing inferences from stimuli are predictive of individuals' social-behavioural and interpersonal interaction difficulties.
A team of researchers from the University of California, Santa Barbara, has successfully used environmental DNA (eDNA) to measure beta diversity in aquatic environments. The study found that eDNA analysis was more effective than traditional visual surveys in detecting rare and less abundant species.
A virus that infects lepidopteran insects confers protection against parasitic wasps by inhibiting larval development. The discovery of the Parasitoid Killing Factor gene family highlights a novel mechanism of defense against parasites in these insects.
A Wayne State University School of Medicine researcher has been awarded a $2.3 million grant to explore the mechanism by which circadian stress regulates RNA modification associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hyperlipidemia. The study aims to shed light on developing therapeutics for lipid-associated metabolic disease.
A recent study published in Frontiers in Nutrition found that consuming millet as part of a daily diet can reduce blood glucose levels by 12-15% and help manage diabetes. The research, which analyzed data from over 1,000 human subjects across 11 countries, also found that millets have a lower glycemic index compared to other grains.
SUTD researchers created a novel modeling technique to reduce risk of permanent device damage in resistive memory devices. The new toolkit can predict current accurately, improving prediction accuracy by around ten times.
Researchers from the University of Groningen and Spain developed a method to train AI systems using distractions to improve image recognition. By analyzing how deep learning systems process images, they found that forcing the system's focus towards secondary characteristics can lead to better performance.
Repurposed drugs for COVID-19 have yielded no effective treatments despite billions spent. Direct-acting antivirals are recommended to avoid false positives and patient risks. The scientific community emphasizes thoroughness in drug screenings, highlighting the importance of structure-activity relationships.
Research from UNSW Sydney found that unexpected uncertainty prompts people to adjust their behavior, even if it's not the best strategy. In contrast, gradual changes in uncertainty do not lead to significant behavioral shifts. The study suggests that understanding how people react to uncertainty can help overcome inertia and promote su...
Researchers mapped the molecular mechanisms of primate hippocampal aging, identifying key cell types and molecules affected by age. The study provides a valuable resource for diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases.
Long Covid's chronic symptoms, including extreme fatigue and brain fog, result in considerable socioeconomic disability. The lack of formal recognition and diagnostic criteria for Long Covid hinders our understanding of the syndrome, its potential drivers, and its impact on mental health.
Researchers have discovered that the electrolyte penetrates silicon everywhere, forming pockets of SEI that disrupt electron pathways. A coating approach is proposed to preserve the integrity of silicon in the presence of electrolyte, potentially revolutionizing high-capacity lithium-ion batteries.
The American Heart Association has launched a $20 million research initiative, RESTORE Network, to address health equity in preventing hypertension. The project aims to test multiple strategies to overcome social determinants of health and provide better access to care for Black communities.
Neuroscientists used artificial intelligence to disentangle the relationship between perception and memory in the human brain. A novel computational framework predicts neural responses in the primate visual system, resolving decades-long debates over the role of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) in perception.
Researchers found that longer breaks between learning events lead to more stable activation patterns in the brain, allowing for better memory retention. This study provides insights into the neuronal processes behind the spacing effect, suggesting that taking breaks can slow down learning but improve long-term memory.
Researchers developed a machine learning tool, BoostDM, that evaluates the potential contribution of mutations in genes to cancer development. The tool helps understand how tumors are caused at the molecular level and can facilitate medical decisions regarding therapy.
A high-status Bronze Age woman and her twins were found in a Szigetszentmiklós urnfield cemetery, with remains indicating she was 25-35 years old at death. Strontium analysis suggested she was born elsewhere and moved to Hungary between ages 8-13.
A study from McGill University and France uses AI to identify factors predicting suicidal behavior in students, finding self-esteem as a major predictor. Approximately 17% of students exhibited suicidal behaviors, highlighting the need for large-scale screening tools.
Researchers found that targeted behavioral science messages significantly increased COVID-19 vaccination registration among healthcare workers. The study showed a substantial increase in vaccine uptake after receiving personalized email nudges.
Researchers analyzed Neandertal and Denisovan genomes to identify blood groups, confirming their African origin and Eurasian dispersal. The study also found evidence of low genetic diversity and possible demographic fragility, shedding light on the disappearance of Neandertals.
Researchers found that a protein activator clamps down the active center of GTPase Ran, allowing efficient hydrolysis. This discovery may lead to the development of cancer drugs blocking this process.
Lobular breast cancer patients often experience recurrence or metastasis despite hormonal therapies. CU Cancer Center researcher Matthew Sikora is studying the role of MDC1 in this subtype, finding it linked to estrogen receptor activity and potentially a novel target for treatment.
Researchers discovered that a protein called VDAC2 plays a key role in regulating calcium signaling within heart cells, which can help prevent chronic heart failure. Targeting this protein with drugs or therapeutic treatments may eventually alleviate heart failure.
Researchers developed magnetic, biodegradable nanomaterials that reduced the likelihood of mice fathering pups for at least 30 days. The nanoparticles were non-toxic to cells and gradually eliminated from the body.
Scientists at UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center have discovered that removing the RNA-binding protein IGF2BP3 selectively targets cancer cells while leaving healthy cells alone. This finding holds promise for the development of targeted therapies for cancers with high levels of IGF2BP3.
A new study challenges the effectiveness of current conservation efforts in protected areas, suggesting that 'saving' biodiversity may not be accurately measured. The study's lead author argues that measures such as expanding protected areas and establishing national parks do not necessarily translate to real progress in conservation.
Researchers have found that improved learning processes are associated with reduced symptoms of depression. By using brain imaging and mathematical modeling, the team identified distinct paths to depression symptoms and proposed a new approach for treating clinical depression.
Researchers found that feeding bumble bees caffeine improves their ability to recognize specific flower odors and remember the location of nectar-rich flowers. However, this effect is short-lived, as the bees quickly adapt and lose their preference for caffeinated flowers.
The MIT Press has partnered with Jisc to provide central licensing and invoicing for Direct to Open, a framework that moves books from a market-based model to a library-supported open access model. Libraries committing to D2O before September 30 will earn exclusive benefits, including term access to an archive of gated titles.
A randomized trial found that individually addressed email reminders designed with behavioral science principles increased COVID-19 vaccination registration among healthcare workers, compared to those who did not receive an email. The emails led to more than twice as many registrations within three days.
A group of six leading Alzheimer's experts has made the first recommendations for the appropriate use of aducanumab (Aduhelm), a newly approved treatment for early Alzheimer's disease. The guidelines aim to provide clinicians with greater clarity and specificity in using the new treatment.
Researchers found hybrid electric vehicles have twice the vulnerability to supply chain disruptions as gas-powered models, due to volatile battery prices and scarce materials. Long-term supplier contracts and material substitution can mitigate these risks as manufacturers ramp up EV production.
Studies reveal that chronic viral infections can lead to T cell exhaustion, where immune cells become dysfunctional and unable to respond effectively. Researchers discovered epigenetic scars on exhausted T cells, which may prevent their recovery even after infection clearance.
Researchers at Waseda University have developed a novel mechanism for inducing high-speed bending in thick crystals using the photothermal effect, enabling rapid actuation and simulation. This breakthrough has significant implications for flexible robotics, actuators, and soft robotics.
A team of scientists used hybrid machine learning methods to predict the incidence of heatstroke in Japanese cities. They achieved a high level of accuracy using publicly available information such as demographics and weather forecasts.
A phase 2 study found that riluzole slowed brain metabolic decline and improved cognitive performance in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease. The drug targets glutamate dysregulation thought to contribute to the development of Alzheimer's.
A recent study by the University of Bonn highlights the psychological consequences of Covid-19 in healthcare workers, with over 20% experiencing symptoms of depression or anxiety. The researchers found that a strong sense of coherence and social support were key protective factors against mental strain, emphasizing the importance of ti...
Researchers are exploring autonomous discovery techniques to reduce data required for scientific discovery, enabling faster and more efficient exploration of multi-dimensional parameter spaces. The field is gaining traction across various disciplines, including physics, chemistry, biology, materials science, and more.
Research predicts that climatologically wet regions will get wetter on average, but also swing widely between wet and dry conditions. This increased rainfall variability could lead to more extreme weather events impacting crop yields, river flows, and infrastructure resilience.
This study analyzed the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among hospital healthcare workers and found that those with certain underlying conditions were more susceptible. The study also identified specific patient populations at increased risk, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to prevent transmission.
Immunology researchers from The University of Queensland have identified UMAP as a powerful tool for analyzing large patient datasets. This method performed significantly better than PCA in reducing the complexity of big data, enabling accurate patient stratification and clustering. The findings could lead to the adoption of targeted t...
Rice University bioengineers are developing an insulin-producing implant to regulate blood glucose levels in Type 1 diabetics. The implant uses human stem cells and 3D printing to mimic the natural behavior of the pancreas, with the goal of achieving consistent target blood glucose levels.
Researchers have made the first direct observation of light from behind a black hole, confirming a key prediction by Einstein's theory of general relativity. The discovery was made using X-rays emitted by a supermassive black hole at a galaxy 800 million light-years away.
A Cornell-led study reveals that certain metals, like copper oxide-based superconductors, exhibit chaotic electron behavior governed by the Planckian limit. This limit dictates an upper bound on collision rates, which researchers have accurately measured for the first time.
Researchers at the University of Bonn have developed a novel method for fast 3D microscopy, allowing for precise tracking of non-labeled biological structures. This breakthrough enables new insights into cellular dynamics and has potential applications in fields such as bionics and understanding causes of infertility.
A meta-analysis found that people with metabolic syndrome are 46% more likely to have a second stroke than those without, with low HDL cholesterol being an independent risk factor. Additionally, individuals with metabolic syndrome were 27% more likely to die during the study.
Researchers found that farnesol prevents loss of dopamine neurons and reverses behavioral deficits in mice, indicating its potential as a drug treatment for Parkinson's disease. The compound blocks the PARIS protein, which is involved in the progression of the disease.
The number of unemployed people with and without disabilities has stabilized, but at levels higher than pre-pandemic levels, indicating many people have not yet returned to the labor market. Public health concerns, such as the spread of the delta variant, warrant caution and may lead to increased furloughs.