Southwest Research Institute will create a searchable database of additive manufacturing projects and components. This project utilizes novel data management tools to help engineers review previous projects and learn from others' designs.
Research reveals how shadow banks invested in ways that extract profit from frontline workers, struggling companies, and distressed sectors during the pandemic. The study found that shadow banks profited by investing in both booming and struggling sectors, exacerbating economic and social inequality.
A joint task force of healthcare stakeholders recommends educating patients and staff about prevention measures, including standardized oral care. The initiative aims to reduce harm from non-ventilator-associated hospital-acquired pneumonia (NVHAP), which causes high mortality rates and prolonged hospital stays.
A study by researchers from King's College London and IMIM found that 6.4% of Europeans suffer from depression, with higher rates in economically developed nations and varying rates across countries. The study suggests that demographic and socio-political factors contribute to the differences in prevalence.
A study by the University of Gothenburg and Stockholm University found that approximately half of the world's countries declared some form of state of emergency during the first wave of COVID-19. The areas with the most states of emergency were Latin America, Southern Europe, and parts of Africa.
A Finnish study published in Acta Diabetologica found that gestational diabetes significantly increases the risk of fetal hypoxia during labor. The risk is nearly seven-fold compared to non-diabetic mothers, and can lead to birth injuries, brain damage, and infant mortality.
International panel discussion explores benefits and limitations of data in informing public health responses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Experts share insights from previous international experiences in collecting, comparing, and understanding pandemic data.
A recent study by the University of Jyváskylæ found that open learning spaces do not directly increase children's physical activity, despite more breaks from sedentary time observed in these spaces. The CHIPASE study suggests that teachers' adaptations to open learning spaces may limit students' movement during lessons.
A study by University of Bath researchers found that augmented reality prompts with a 'ghosthand' are more effective for older adults, leading to faster completion and increased confidence. The study highlights the need for designers to prioritize inclusivity and usability in AR applications to cater to this growing demographic.
A new study using Facebook data found that interest in vegetarianism positively correlates with declining meat consumption rates. Education emerged as the most important factor affecting interest in vegetarianism globally, while gender played a strong role in shaping online behavior.
Researchers developed a new type of gravitational wave detector that can find small primordial black holes. The device uses a specific metal cavity and strong external magnetic field to detect high-frequency gravitational waves emitted by these hypothetical black holes.
A new twin study reveals that certain genes are similarly affected in PTSD and migraine, suggesting they may share some risk factors. The study found common epigenetic changes between the two conditions, which could lead to new treatment targets.
A new special issue of The Gerontologist explores strategies to improve the long-term care workforce, including diverse approaches to care and flexible models. The collection aims to provide positive guidance for future research and policy, particularly in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
An international research team has described a complete reaction path for electrocatalytic hydrogen generation using a newly produced compound inspired by nature. The findings provide new insights into the catalysis process and enable more efficient production of hydrogen as a sustainable energy source.
Scientists from Osaka University have solved the physics of Guinness' cascading flow, a phenomenon that affects the texture of nitrogenated stout beer. The research has significant implications for industries such as pharmaceutical production and city water purification.
MADM technology has been expanded to enable the analysis of over 96% of mouse genes at the single-cell level. This breakthrough allows researchers to study disease progression, including cancer, and gain insights into gene function.
Research from Binghamton University found that mental distress is lower in summer compared to fall. Good quality diet, good sleep quality, and higher exercise frequency are all associated with better mental well-being. Seasonal changes impact diet quality and mental health.
Research found that parenting styles with high levels of behavioral control, such as authoritative and no-nonsense styles, reduced the risk of crime in adulthood. In contrast, low-control styles like abusive, permissive, and lax styles significantly increased the risk for crime.
A UBC Sauder study reveals that cigarette tax hikes can help bigger brands like Marlboro but harm consumers, whereas smoking restrictions tend to affect smaller players and reduce brand appeal. The researchers also found that anti-tobacco ads have a neutral impact on large brands.
A new study has disproved an experiment that claimed to discover a novel form of superconductivity in strontium ruthenate, a material that plays an important role in unconventional superconductivity. The material behaves similarly to well-known high-temperature superconductors.
Scientists at Rice University have developed a new model to detect magnetospheres in distant solar systems using nightside radio signals. This could provide valuable information about the characteristics of exoplanets, including their ability to protect themselves from solar winds.
Researchers analyzed oxygen isotopes from Texas caves to understand trends in past thunderstorms and their durations. They found that shifts in storm regimes coincide with global abrupt climate shifts during the last glacial period. This study helps predict future mid-latitude thunderstorm patterns.
Researchers found that syrphid flies, a type of bee-impostor, were the second most common pollinators on urban and rural farms, accounting for 35% of visits. The flies' bee-like colors may help avoid predators, while their presence could also benefit plants by consuming pests like aphids.
A new study develops a machine learning method that incorporates physical world rules to make more accurate environmental predictions, particularly in river temperature prediction. The model can handle sparse data and generalize well across different time periods.
A study of over 280,000 young adults found that cannabis use was associated with increased suicidal ideation, plan, and attempt, regardless of depression levels. Women were more likely to experience these outcomes than men.
A new treatment sequence for esophageal cancer may improve patient outcomes by treating microscopic disease first. The approach adds chemotherapy for two to three months before radiation and surgery, potentially reducing mortality rates.
Researchers at MUSC discovered a new target and immune mechanism for treating aggressive metastatic pediatric osteosarcoma. The SFRP2-PD-1 combination therapy effectively blocked cancer cell growth, providing an additive beneficial effect in preclinical models.
A new study by Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg found that women ran slower in the presence of spectators but performed better in shooting than men. This challenges the social facilitation theory and suggests a gender-specific difference in response to audiences or lack thereof.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center found a link between psychological stress and graying hair. The study, published in eLife, revealed that hair color can be restored when stress is eliminated. Stress-induced changes in mitochondria may explain how stress turns hair gray.
Researchers analyzed obituary data to examine excess deaths among the Amish population in 2020, finding a spike in November that mirrored general COVID-19 infection waves. The study suggests that face-to-face interactions and distrust in preventative medicine contributed to these 'excess deaths', which may or may not be directly relate...
Scientists discover fumed silica nanoparticles as an anti-ageing binder to reduce moisture susceptibility and increase durability in warm mix asphalt. The findings offer a cost-effective solution to minimize asphalt-related emissions, paving the way for longer-lasting roadways.
Researchers at UConn discovered that salt marsh vegetation, bacterial communities, and soil composition can predict a marsh's potential to be a blue carbon reservoir. The study found that tidal restoration leads to changes in plant growth, microbial activity, and carbon cycling.
A recent UCI-led study reveals that cancer immunotherapy can trigger both favorable and unfavorable immune effects, with T regulatory cells playing a key role in limiting tumor control. The study found that CTLA-4 blockage activates these cells, decreasing the efficacy of immunotherapy and potentially leading to fatal autoimmunity.
Researchers at Saarland University are developing soft robotic tools with smart polymeric materials for flexibility and sensitivity. These systems can mimic human movements and interact with humans in a safe and harmonious way.
The American Heart Association has awarded a diversity grant supplement to the Masonic Medical Research Institute to investigate the connection between autism and heart disease. The grant will support Dr. Luana Nunes Santos' research on PTPN11 gene mutations and their effects on heart health.
A team of researchers, led by Dr. Muzammil Arshad, conducted a study on the performance of hydrogen-enriched fuel in spark ignition engines. The findings show that adding hydrogen can reduce in-cylinder peak pressure and emissions, making it a potential solution to improve fuel efficiency and reduce harmful emissions.
A University of California, Irvine-led study reveals albumin activates a proton channel giving sperm the ability to penetrate and fertilize an egg, and allowing white blood cells to secrete inflammatory mediators. The interaction also enables neutrophils to produce and secrete inflammatory mediators that kill bacteria and fight infection.
Researchers found that people with mental health disorders experience brain activity differently when sensing internal bodily conditions. The dorsal mid-insula region showed distinct activity patterns across various disorders, including depression, anxiety, and eating disorders.
A research team found that political institutions, such as election timing and presidentialism, had a greater impact on COVID-19 strategies than national healthcare institutions. The study suggests that this variation across federations warrants an institutional explanation.
A study from McGill University found that songbirds use similar speech patterns to humans, including shorter elements in longer phrases. The researchers suggest that physical factors such as muscle fatigue and limited lung capacities may play a role in these patterns.
A new study suggests that many MS complaints prior to diagnosis may not be a prodromal phase but rather relapses causing individuals to seek medical attention. The researchers found that these patients often exhibited typical MS symptoms, indicating the disease was fully active and not in a preliminary or prodromal phase.
A new study demonstrates the importance of planting new commercial forests in fighting climate change. The study shows that future use of harvested wood can remove more CO2 from the atmosphere than previously thought, thanks to advancements in carbon capture & storage technology.
A new study by Penn State researchers found that more than 60,000 people were treated for nonfatal agricultural-related injuries in US emergency departments between 2015 and 2019. The majority of injured individuals were youths, with nearly two-thirds being male and approximately 80% white.
Columbia Engineering researchers have developed new techniques to bolster memory safety, creating a processor for the Air Force Research Lab. The novel solution, ZeRØ, protects code and data pointers without affecting system performance, while No-FAT speeds up fuzz testing and makes security checks faster with minimal impact on speed.
A team of geologists reviewed the literature on volcanic eruptions, determining that most magma rising from depth doesn't cause an eruption. Older volcanoes produce less frequent but larger eruptions. The analysis helps refine models to reduce the impact of volcanic eruptions on nearby populations.
A new study from the University of Ottawa found that Ontario high school students are more likely to drive after consuming cannabis than alcohol, with 10% reporting driving within an hour of cannabis use. The study suggests that educating adolescents about cannabis risks may be effective in reducing dangerous driving behaviors.
A new study suggests that aviation's contribution to cutting climate change will be small, even with emission targets in line with the Paris Agreement. Researchers warn that non-CO2 effects, such as nitrogen oxides and ozone, will continue to make a major contribution to aviation's climate impact over the coming years.
A comprehensive study of COVID-19 brains found significant signs of inflammation and impaired brain circuits. The findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 may trigger inflammatory responses throughout the body, leading to neuroinflammation in the brain.
Researchers from the University of Nicosia used environmental fluid dynamics to correct COVID-19 pandemic data inaccuracies. The study found that daily number of total new infections reported during the first wave was underestimated by a factor of four in cities like New York.
A study finds that tree pollen can transport COVID-19 virus particles longer distances and increase the risk of infection in crowded environments. Researchers used a computational model to simulate how pollen affects airborne virus transmission.
A large-scale analysis of over 150,000 middle-aged people found that those with two or more physical health conditions were at greater risk of developing depression and anxiety. The study confirmed the importance of integrating mental health support into care plans for individuals with multiple physical health conditions.
Researchers developed two groups of molecules that effectively inhibit SARS-CoV-2 variants, bypassing mutations and disabling viral entry. The nanobodies recognize a conserved region of the receptor binding domain, blocking viral entry even when human antibodies cannot.
Researchers at USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center found that family-based cancer clustering occurs more frequently among Latino, African American, and Asian/Pacific Islander families. The study suggests a higher inherited risk of early-onset cancer in these minority populations compared to non-Latino white families.
A three-year study found significant changes in brain connectivity in older adults with subjective cognitive decline, which may predict dementia. The study suggests that brain alterations underlie the experience of decline and could emerge before cognitive assessments detect a deficit.
Researchers have identified hotspots of undervaccinated children across Montana using spatial scan analysis. The study found that parental hesitancy on vaccination is concentrated in the western part of the state, while structural or access barriers are more prevalent on the eastern side.
Dan M. Frangopol, a Lehigh University professor, has made seminal contributions to structural health monitoring by integrating reliability and optimization methods. He has been recognized with the ISHMII Mufti Medal for his lifetime achievements in this field.
A comprehensive review of literature on mRNA COVID-19 vaccine cutaneous reactions found that most reactions are harmless and transient, resolving within two to five days. Rare reactions such as herpes zoster reactivation have been reported, but the overall safety profile of the vaccines remains reassuring.
The Cosmic Infrared Background Experiment-2 (CIBER-2) has completed a successful first launch, aiming to better understand extragalactic background light and resolve discrepancies about the number of stars in the universe. The experiment will analyze data collected during four planned launches over several years.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology developed halide perovskite-based memory with fast switching speed, overcoming slow speed limitations. The new technology uses lead-free materials and offers a step towards practical applications.
A recent study found that Finland's lakes in Lapland will have higher mercury levels due to climate change and increased land use. The warmer climate and more intense land use lead to the leaching of nutrients and carbon-bound mercury into waterways, causing a biomagnification effect on fish and food webs.