COVID-19 causes loss of smell by infecting sensory neurons and triggering inflammation. The virus persists in the olfactory epithelium for months, leading to prolonged clinical signs.
SARS-CoV-2 employs a three-pronged strategy to outsmart the immune system, including reducing gene translation, degrading messenger RNAs, and preventing mRNA export. This 'host shutoff' tactic delays and muddles the immune response, resulting in severe symptoms of COVID-19.
University of Minnesota Medical School researchers found that senescent immune cells drive tissue damage and shorten lifespan. The team identified these cells as the most dangerous type of senescent cell, paving the way for developing senolytic drugs targeting them.
A study found that female lawyers are more likely to experience stress, engage in risky drinking, and contemplate leaving the profession due to burnout. Workplace factors such as work overcommitment and high work-family conflict scores were significant predictors of these issues for women.
A new UNSW Sydney study examines content between December 2019 to November 2020 and found over 103 million people globally shared or reacted with misinformation about COVID-19 vaccines. The study highlights the need for traditional risk communication and community engagement methods to counter misinformation.
A new study found that five major kefir brands fell short of their claims, delivering between 10 million to 1 billion bacteria per gram. The researchers also identified discrepancies between the labeled species and those present in the products.
Scientists at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute identified lipid kinases as essential for balancing cellular metabolism and promoting overall health. The findings support targeting these proteins as a promising approach to treating diseases like cancer.
Researchers at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center have discovered that targeting the mitochondrial enzyme DHODH can induce ferroptosis and suppress tumor growth in cancer cells. The study suggests a new therapeutic strategy for inducing ferroptosis, which could have broad implications for treating various types of cancer.
Researchers found that semaglutide treatment leads to significant weight loss across various patient groups, including those with different ages, sexes, and body weights. Female participants and those with lower starting body weights achieved the most substantial weight losses.
Boston University School of Medicine director Ridiane Denis has received a Distinguished Service Award for her outstanding contributions to the university. The award recognizes her tireless efforts in supporting research projects and staff, particularly during challenging times like COVID-19.
Researchers have deciphered brain activity associated with trying to write letters by hand and developed an algorithm to identify letters. The system displayed the text on a screen in real time, allowing the participant to type 90 characters per minute, more than double the previous record for typing with a brain-computer interface.
Researchers demonstrate simultaneous imaging of up to 6 subcellular targets with low crosstalks and high temporal resolutions. They achieve full-frame high sensitivities in quantifying mitochondrial matrix pH and intracellular macromolecular crowding.
A new study found that semaglutide causes similar weight loss in patients aged under 40, 40-60 years, and 60 years and over. The treatment also showed a more pronounced effect on body composition in younger patients.
Researchers found that 18:1 LPE promotes neurite outgrowth and protects neurons from glutamate toxicity, suggesting a key role for LPE in brain function. The study provides new insights into the physiological importance of LPE and its potential as a therapeutic agent for cranial nerve damage.
A new study reveals that fish biodiversity can provide benefits to mixed-stock fisheries, such as stabilizing catches, but comes with the cost of increased conservation risks. By targeting specific productive stocks and avoiding unproductive weak ones, fisheries can maintain high harvest rates while reducing these risks.
C-Path and Tufts Medical Center collaborate to integrate patient-level clinical trial data and real-world data to generate actionable real-world evidence for neonatal drug development. The partnership aims to improve survival and outcome for preterm neonates with limited new drug development.
Researchers conducted a comprehensive health assessment of gopher tortoises, finding that 42.9% had circulating antibodies to Mycoplasma agassizii, indicating an outbreak at one site. The study provides important baseline data on emerging pathogens and highlights the need for further surveillance.
Researchers at UCLA have identified six signaling codons that specific immune cells use to call up immune defense genes. These codon-words can lead to incorrect gene activation and cause autoimmune diseases like Sjögren's syndrome, which is found when the body mistakenly attacks itself.
A new study found that organic-certified meats are 56 percent less likely to be contaminated with multidrug-resistant bacteria compared to conventionally produced meat. The research analyzed data from the US National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System and covered over 39,000 meat samples.
A new study found that semaglutide, an obesity drug, supresses appetite and food cravings, reducing energy intake in individuals with obesity. The study showed a 35% lower energy intake during a meal where participants could eat as much as they liked.
Researchers have developed a peptide that enables THC to fight pain without the cognitive side effects associated with cannabis. In mice, the optimized peptide showed improved memory and reduced immune response, making it an ideal drug candidate for reducing cognitive side effects from cannabis-based pain management.
Researchers have developed an innovative GIS map to help building professionals achieve successful Plus Energy Building design. The European Climate and Cultural Atlas combines knowledge from social sciences and building engineering to provide insights into energy practices.
A new study by Stanford researchers found that nearly two-thirds of California prison residents who were offered a COVID-19 vaccine accepted at least one dose. Acceptance rates varied across different racial and ethnic groups, with Hispanic and white inmates having the highest acceptance rates.
A machine learning algorithm, FARDEEP, has been developed to assess an individual patient's risk of regenerative outcomes after surgical treatments of peri-implantitis. The study found that immune cell types central to microbial control are strongly correlated with superior clinical outcomes.
Scientists have discovered dramatic differences in gut microbiomes between ancient North American peoples and modern industrialized populations. The analysis of human paleofeces from dry caves reveals novel species of microbes and higher numbers of transposases, which may help microbes adapt to changing environments.
Patients who underwent bariatric surgery ten years ago reported that their eating habits and appetite remained affected, with reduced cravings for unhealthy foods. However, they also described struggling to manage their lives, including supporting overweight children, due to ongoing guilt and self-blame.
A new theorem limits the use of quantum machine learning to learn processes like black holes, highlighting its fundamental limits. However, most physical processes are structured enough that they don't resemble random ones, making the impact less severe.
Researchers used genetic engineering tools to create a virus that can enter specific neurons and insert new genetic code, inducing modified protein production. In mice tests, the alteration was sufficient to modify brain activity, indicating potential biomarker for psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia and autism.
The RIO Journal has published over 300 research outcomes since its launch in 2016, including early ideas, grant proposals, data management plans, and project reports. These non-traditional publications have shown significant engagement and societal impact, with authors mapping their articles to the Sustainable Development Goals.
A new Northwestern Medicine study of placentas from vaccinated patients found no evidence of injury, supporting the safety of COVID-19 vaccines in pregnancy. The study adds to growing evidence that vaccination can protect fetuses without increasing harm.
Researchers at University of Queensland develop gene therapy to block scar formation by targeting SOX9 gene, promising benefits for burn patients and others with significant scarring. The study uses siRNA technology to reduce scarring in animal models, paving the way for potential human treatment.
Researchers created a tiny, wireless chip that uses ultrasound to monitor body processes, enabling the development of miniaturized implantable medical devices. The team achieved volumetric efficiency with their design, paving the way for chips that can be injected into the body and communicate wirelessly.
Degrowth scenarios, focusing on global North reduction in energy and material use while maintaining wellbeing, have clear advantages over established pathways. Combining social change with technological improvements can achieve net-zero carbon emissions more easily.
By vaporizing metals within a magnetic field, UC Riverside engineers direct the reassembly of metal atoms into consistent shapes and surfaces. The approach enables manipulation of particle assembly, producing string-like aggregates or globular clusters with tunable properties.
Researchers will investigate potential mechanisms using mouse models and systems biology approach to identify new drug targets for Alzheimer's disease. The study aims to understand how altered mitochondrial calcium transport contributes to neurodegeneration and disease progression.
Researchers created a design for an electronic hardware system that directly replicates network architectures, solving complex puzzles rapidly and with minimal power consumption. This new approach uses race logic to encode and process information as time signals, reducing the need for bit flips and thus energy expenditure.
The study found that spinal cord injury-dependent effects on bacteria and viruses were observed, with beneficial bacteria decreasing and potentially pathogenic bacteria increasing. Functional microbial genes encoding essential pathways for central nervous system function were also reduced after spinal cord injury.
Researchers at McGill University studied bacterial movement through microfluidic environments to understand their navigational 'strategies'. The findings have implications for diagnosing infectious diseases, developing devices for genomics and bio computation, and maintaining human health.
The Hong Kong Society of Rheumatology has developed consensus recommendations for COVID-19 vaccination in adult patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases. The guidelines address concerns about vaccine efficacy and safety, as well as considerations for immunosuppressed patients.
Inkjet printing of metal nanoparticles forms layers with functional anisotropy, causing electrical conductivity to vary between horizontal and vertical directions. Researchers discover that organic chemical residues in the inks are responsible for this effect, enabling new techniques to overcome it.
Research published in BMJ Open suggests that long-term use of prescription medications for insomnia does not improve sleep quality or duration in middle-aged women. Despite this, many people still take these drugs due to chronic insomnia.
A new study published in the British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology found that a combined drug treatment for missed miscarriage is more effective and cheaper than current standard medication. The treatment, combining mifepristone and misoprostol, was on average £182 cheaper per successfully managed miscarriage.
A recent study published in Molecular Biology and Evolution reveals that the DNA replication machinery of Mimivirus, a giant virus, is ancient and evolved over time. The research suggests that Mimiviral genes related to DNA replication are subject to purifying selection, indicating their essential role in the organism's survival.
A new study found that Massospondylus carinatus, a medium-sized southern African dinosaur, had growth variations from year to year. The dinosaur's growth directly responded to environmental conditions, with significant increases in good years and minimal growth in bad years.
Researchers from Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University developed a methodology for assessing cyber risks in Smart City infrastructure. The new approach analyzes asset types, threats, and risk values using a quantitative approach, demonstrating superiority over existing methods.
A new study reveals that many UK farmers are not prioritizing adapting to the effects of climate change due to uncertainty and focus on short-term profitability. However, innovative practices such as improving soil health and adopting risk-spreading strategies can help build resilience within farming businesses.
Researchers at Huntsman Cancer Institute discovered that nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) plays a key role in how immune cells fight melanoma tumors. The study found that disrupting the NAMPT pathway impairs antitumor function, and novel therapies targeting this pathway may lead to improved outcomes for patients.
A new paper found that cleaning local lakes and waterbodies can slow climate change and save trillions of dollars by reducing methane emissions. The study estimated the costs of global climate change due to eutrophication from 2015 to 2050 to be as much as $81 trillion.
A Trinity College study found people homeless in their 20s-40s experience high levels of physical and mobility problems, with only one-third able to climb hospital stairs. The study suggests that targeted health and accommodation services are necessary for this vulnerable group.
Researchers developed a global GNSS seismic monitoring system that can rapidly assess earthquake magnitude and fault slip distribution within seconds. This system can provide early warnings for large earthquakes and tsunamis, buying more time for evacuations and infrastructure shutdowns.
A new study found that zoo YouTube videos focus disproportionately on mammals, with only 3% of content dedicated to conservation. However, the study also notes an increase in conservation-focused videos in recent years, highlighting the potential for social media to support global conservation education.
The review explores recent strategies in surface functionalization, their specific biomedical applications, and comparative toxicities with non-functionalized metallic nanoparticles. It discusses the challenges for metallic NPs to undergo human clinical trials due to their aggregation and toxic nature.
Researchers propose novel sulfur cycle model incorporating volatile organosulfur compounds to explain global occurrence of superheavy pyrite. The Cryogenian interglacial interval saw sulfidic oceans with pervasive VOSC generation, leading to vertical isotopic gradients and superheavy pyrite precipitation.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes have adapted CRISPR-Cas9 technology to edit human monocytes, a type of white blood cell that plays key roles in the immune system. The study shows the potential utility of gene editing for understanding how the human immune system fights viruses and microbes.
A low-cost box fan air cleaner can greatly decrease airborne virus particles in public school classrooms by drawing in contaminated air and filtering out clean air. Placing the air cleaner near an HUV or other ventilation unit is most effective in reducing aerosol spread.
A study from the University of Surrey found that 67% of UK adults are overweight or obese, with time-restricted feeding showing potential to combat obesity. More than 400 participants believed they could reduce their 'feeding window' by three hours if associated health benefits were clear.
A team of researchers aims to increase microorganism's ability to convert CO2 into methane for efficient production of sustainable fuel. The ReMeSh project will examine bio-electrochemical systems and accelerate electron transfer to microbes.
A new study published in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology found that BMI cut-offs used by the World Health Organization and UK's National Institute for Health and Care Excellence are not suitable for adults from Black Asian and Minority Ethnic backgrounds. The research, which included over 1.5 million people, shows that these groups...
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories used advanced computer simulations to study the spread of COVID-19 through droplets in the air. Their findings show that protective measures like masks and social distancing are crucial in reducing transmission. The studies also revealed that even with face coverings, smaller particles can pe...
Researchers found that participants overestimated minority groups and looked more often at these groups, even in quick visual scans. This bias occurs regardless of social context and is driven by a fundamental feature of human perception