A new study reveals human activities have drastically altered the ocean's biodiversity, with significant losses in larger species like whales and dolphins. Biomass estimates show a 60% reduction in large fish and marine mammals, outpacing even extreme climate change scenarios.
A study published in Journal of Women's Health found that almost half of American Indian and Alaska Native women reported experiencing reproductive coercion in their lifetime. The research highlights the link between intimate partner violence, sexual violence, and poor reproductive health outcomes among this population.
A pilot program in Portland, OR, provides transportation incentives to low-income participants, reducing costs and travel time. The study finds that targeted information and incentives can empower underserved communities to access emerging mobility options.
Scientists discovered an important protective response in the heart that can prevent excessive scarring after a heart attack. The study found that this reactive response can limit cardiac fibrosis by preventing oxidant build-up in heart cells, potentially leading to new therapies to repair scarring damage.
Researchers confirmed the presence of dentin and enamel in the teeth of Gastrotheca guentheri, a species long believed to have lost this trait. The discovery challenges Dollo's Law, which states that lost traits are never re-evolved.
A new study finds that investors may continue to hold onto companies despite FCPA violations, as the severity of the violation does not always match the penalty imposed. This ambiguity can lead to market underreaction and undermine trust in regulatory bodies.
Researchers have developed AI-powered computer models to predict heart attacks, strokes, and stress-induced blood pressure changes. The models use machine learning to detect early signs of aortic valve anomalies, enabling at-home monitoring and improved diagnostic accuracy.
The Gulf Coast is expected to experience more frequent sequential landfalls, with Louisiana and Florida being the most at risk. This will lead to intensified stresses on infrastructure, ecosystems, and people, as well as reduced recovery time between disasters.
Researchers found that internal dauer pheromones, not external environmental pheromones, regulate fat rationing and longevity in dauer larvae. The discovery suggests a potential mechanism for regulating fat storage in humans as well.
A new study on mice finds that cognitive training designed to focus on what's important while ignoring distractions can enhance the brain's information processing. The research suggests that this type of training can lead to improved learning and memory, particularly in novel tasks. By analyzing neural activity in the hippocampus durin...
A world-first study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that whole genome sequencing can uncover new diagnoses for people with rare diseases. The pilot study analyzed 4,660 individuals and found a new diagnosis for 25% of participants, including 14% not detectable by other conventional methods.
A new genus and species of iguanodontian dinosaur, Brighstoneus simmondsi, has been discovered on the Isle of Wight. The herbivorous dinosaur is estimated to be around 8 meters in length and weigh 900kg.
A new Yale School of Medicine study reveals that a simple RNA molecule called SLR14 can trigger the production of interferons, key proteins in the body's innate response to infection. The compound has shown promise in mice with chronic cases of COVID-19 and may provide important benefits for immunocompromised individuals.
This study found that aerobic exercise enhances doxorubicin's ability to kill cancer cells while minimizing its toxic effects on the heart. In addition, exercise has been shown to reduce the risk of breast cancer recurrence and improve quality-of-life parameters in cancer patients.
A new study finds that genetic testing for cardiomyopathies and arrhythmias simultaneously can detect conditions more accurately than single-condition tests. This leads to better diagnosis and treatment options, such as targeted therapies and monitoring devices.
An international team sequenced 3,366 chickpea lines from 60 countries, identifying 29,870 genes, including 1,582 novel ones. The study provides a complete picture of genetic variation within chickpea and validated roadmap for improvement.
A new study by McGill University researchers found that COVID-19 lockdowns disproportionately affected graduate students' mental health, particularly among women. Women reported more stress related to remote teaching and caregiving responsibilities, leading to increased depressive symptoms.
Researchers at Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics demonstrate vibrationally excited molecular hydrogen production from water photochemistry. This process represents a further source of vibrationally excited H2 observed in the interstellar medium.
A team of scientists used uGMRT to study eclipses of millisecond pulsars, finding that absorption by magnetized materials from the companion star is the cause. The study provides insight into the evolutionary processes and ultimate fate of these exotic systems.
A study published in The BMJ found that children who had nutrient-enriched formula milk as babies did not have higher exam scores than those fed with standard formula. Researchers linked data from seven randomised controlled trials to school records and found no clear differences in academic performance.
A new study by researchers at the University of Copenhagen found that the greatest increase in marine biodiversity on Earth occurred due to changes in climate cycles, rather than an asteroid explosion. Fossil analysis revealed a shift towards colder climates around 469 million years ago, leading to the blooming of marine life.
Bubble casting is a new way to make soft robots using 'fancy balloons' that change shape in predictable ways when inflated with air. The researchers successfully cast star-shaped hands, coils and fingers, demonstrating the potential for soft robotics applications such as harvesting produce or providing personal care.
Scientists are developing new types of face masks that can kill viruses, be reused and be eco-friendly. Researchers have also found that improper mask usage can sometimes be worse than no mask at all.
In an experiment, pet cats were found to track their owner's location using the sound of their voice. Researchers discovered that cats can mentally map the location of their owners based on the unique acoustic characteristics of their voices.
A new study found that people who consumed an anti-inflammatory diet rich in fruits, vegetables, beans, and tea or coffee had a lower risk of developing dementia. The research showed that each one-point increase in dietary inflammatory score was associated with a 21% increase in dementia risk.
A Yale team has discovered an RNA molecule, SLR14, that stimulates the body's early antiviral defense system to protect against SARS-CoV-2 variants. This therapy holds promise as a new class of RNA therapeutics for treating COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have identified a new target for rapid antidepressant drugs using ketamine's role in synaptic effects. This breakthrough could lead to new treatments for approximately half of patients whose current antidepressants are ineffective, significantly reducing the risk of suicide.
A new study found that hot flashes are less common in women with sarcopenia, and are positively associated with paraspinal muscle mass. The research highlights the need for further studies to understand the relationships between menopause symptoms, body composition, and aging.
A new AI tool has been developed to evaluate cognitive behavioral therapy sessions with high accuracy, improving therapist skills and patient outcomes. The tool analyzed over 1,100 real conversations between therapists-in-training and patients, matching human evaluators' assessments with 73% accuracy.
Researchers develop efficient fog filter design using structured nylon nets to capture fog droplets, offering alternative source of fresh water in drought-stricken regions. The design is inspired by the unique abilities of Namib desert beetles and textile-based face masks.
Research by University of Alaska Fairbanks student Rajan Itani upends previous knowledge about the cross-polar jet, a well-known wind in the upper atmosphere that sometimes stalls or is deflected over Alaska. The finding has significant implications for spacecraft orbits and space debris avoidance.
A new study reveals that Asian honeybees use distinct signals to alert nestmates of giant hornet attacks, employing a sophisticated communication system. The research found that these signals are designed to get the attention of colony members and convey a sense of urgency.
Expanding the EU's Emissions Trading System to cover road transport and heating fuels could be a cost-effective way to reduce emissions, but may affect consumers. Thoughtful policy design is crucial to relieve burdens and ensure equitable distribution of costs.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology developed an anticounterfeit technology that stores information in two separate domains: visible light and infrared light. This technology enhances security by using a new material called metasurface, allowing for dual protection with one security card.
A study by Hokkaido University researchers found that Japanese customers prefer traditional restaurants displaying an older year of establishment, leading to improved evaluations and intentions to visit. This effect was observed specifically for traditional foods like soba noodles.
Researchers have developed plant-based gummy candies packed with vitamins B12 and D3, addressing nutritional deficiencies in vegan and vegetarian diets. The new product was well-received by taste testers, paving the way for more nutritious food options.
A nationwide study published in JAMA Oncology found that immunotherapy use among trial-ineligible solid-tumor cancer patients increased significantly between 2014 and 2019, yet no survival benefit was observed. Researchers emphasize cautious use of immunotherapies for this population due to potential early harm.
Annual Wellness Visits (AWV) reached 47.6% among commercially insured white women with congenital disabilities, but were lower among Hispanic men with acquired disabilities. AWV use is nearly 15% less than the general population threshold.
Researchers found that a battery's chemistry can affect its environmental impact, with cobalt being a common material that requires more energy to mine and has negative effects on the environment. Replacing cobalt with nickel can alleviate concerns, but there are tradeoffs involved. The study suggests that reusing batteries before recy...
Scientists have identified a genetic component underlying the spatial memories of Mountain Chickadees, which rely on these abilities to survive harsh winters. The study used genetic sequencing and behavioral tests to show that natural selection is shaping chickadee memory.
A global meta-analysis supports the U.N.'s goal of restoring habitats, finding mangrove restoration performs better than unvegetated mud, sand flats or abandoned aquaculture ponds. Restored mangroves yield significant ecological benefits and economic value, making them an ecologically and economically sound choice.
Chemists at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz have developed a method to produce cement by milling instead of burning lime, reducing CO2 emissions. The process could be implemented on an industrial scale, but further development is needed.
The article highlights the importance of recovering routine vaccination rates after the COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccinations for MMR, DTaP, polio, and HPV have seen significant drops, posing dire consequences to population health. Experts emphasize the need for stakeholders to drive awareness, facilitate access, and build vaccine confidence.
Researchers found that high-frequency, intermittent noises trigger more anxiety in dogs than low-frequency, continuous noise. Dog owners often underestimate their pets' fearfulness and respond with amusement rather than concern.
A new study published in the European Journal of Cancer found that most children with cancer have mild COVID-19 disease and make a full recovery. However, patients with underlying health conditions, severe infections, and low white blood cell counts were significantly more likely to experience severe disease. The research involved 131 ...
Case management programs help health practitioners address patients' social needs, such as housing and economic insecurity. However, several barriers hinder their effective implementation, including engaging community-based organizations and ensuring program sustainability.
A research team at the University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre has found that cellular aging is caused by irreversible damage to the genome, not just telomere erosion. This discovery challenges the long-held scientific model and opens up new research opportunities for preventing cellular aging and genomic instability.
New study suggests inhibiting Shp2 in tumor cells may boost tumor growth and survival, complicating its use as a potential cancer therapy for HCC.
Researchers at the University of Rochester develop a computational V2G model that accounts for factors not previously considered, showing potential savings of $120-$150 per year for vehicle owners. The model uses data from the US Census Bureau and calculates battery degradation costs based on various variables.
A new study has found that increasing temperatures and heavy rainfall reduce the prevalence of Varroa mite disease in UK honey bee colonies, while heavy wind reduces its severity. Climate change is predicted to impact the risk of European foulbrood disease, with a hot spot identified in the South West England.
Researchers found that geriatric cotton rats given ibuprofen cleared RSV more quickly than those without the drug. Ibuprofen improved immune response by lowering aging-related inflammation, suggesting a potential role for the drug in providing lasting immunity against RSV.
The fossil elephant cranium, dated to 4.5 million years ago, showcases unique adaptations that likely enabled Loxodonta adaurora to dominate the landscape. The cranium's raised and compressed structure suggests a novel alignment of chewing muscles suited for efficient grass shearing.
Researchers developed a blood test that can detect prostate cancer patients who are resistant to chemotherapy drug docetaxel, enabling early detection and personalized treatment. The test analyzes circulating tumor cells in the bloodstream, revealing patterns that predict disease progression and survival.
A new study reveals that memory T helper cells can work with memory B cells to effectively defend the body against chronic viruses. This finding has direct relevance to developing new vaccines for HIV and hepatitis C, as it suggests a more sustained immune response.
Researchers used machine learning to simulate and analyze gold nanoparticles at high temperatures, providing a key mechanistic picture of the melting mechanism. The study enables fast prediction of forces acting on atoms in nanoparticles, accelerating simulations that would take thousands of years with traditional methods.
Researchers discovered that neurons forming connections between brain areas share similar genetic programs, but unfold at varying speeds. This tempo-dependent development enables the creation of diversity in neurons without requiring major genetic differences.
Researchers have identified new MRI brain imaging biomarkers that can predict the effectiveness of antidepressants with high accuracy. These biomarkers bring a new level of precision to prescribing the most effective treatments, potentially saving patients from months of taking the wrong medication.
Research suggests that larger bee colonies with comfortable food stores are less willing to take risks, while smaller colonies with limited resources are more likely to ignore warning signals. This study provides insights into the complex communication system of bees and its implications for understanding biological collectives.
A recent Rutgers University study found that receiving a new diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias leads to decreased formal and informal social engagement. This can be particularly concerning for disadvantaged populations with limited resources. The study highlights the need for practitioners and policymakers to consi...
Scientists used computational strategies to evaluate antibiotic candidates, identifying a promising new variant that is up to 56 times more active than existing antibiotics. This approach enables faster and more affordable development of new antibiotics, helping to combat resistance.