Researchers have developed metal-halide perovskite semiconductors as a cheaper alternative to silicon for solar cells and LEDs. The new material class offers excellent functionality and can be processed from solution, allowing for the creation of efficient devices.
The MIPACT study analyzed data from thousands of participants, revealing differences in heart rate, blood pressure, and activity levels by age, race, ethnicity, and clinical conditions. The study's findings have significant implications for clinicians, providing a more complete picture of daily life and resulting health.
Researchers from the University of Rhode Island studied the interaction between tornado-strength winds and highway overpasses, finding no evidence of wind acceleration under an overpass. The study, published in Physics of Fluids, suggests that using an overpass as a shelter during a tornado may not be safer than other options.
Researchers have compiled a dataset of microplastic abundance in the world's upper oceans, estimating 24.4 trillion pieces weighing 82,000-578,000 tons. The data fills gaps in global coverage and provides realistic amounts for assessing impact on aquatic organisms.
A Harvard University study estimates Americans perform about 30 minutes less moderate-to-vigorous physical activity daily compared to 200 years ago. The decline is attributed to technology, with researchers using historical body temperature records as a 'thermometer' of population-level physical activity.
A new study published in Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications found that a microtube-irrigated ablation catheter was more effective than a general ablation catheter in reducing blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension. The study, which followed 60 patients for 12 months, also showed that the microtube-irrigated cat...
A study evaluated the clinical efficacy of a drug-eluting stent combined with a drug-coated balloon in treating left main coronary artery bifurcation lesions. The treatment resulted in low restenosis rates and no serious clinical events, making it a safe and effective option.
Researchers observed a significant increase in waiting list registrations and deceased donor liver transplants for alcoholic hepatitis during the COVID-19 pandemic. This spike in demand may indicate a relationship between increasing alcohol sales and misuse during the pandemic, with trends for other conditions remaining unchanged.
A study published in International Journal of Molecular Sciences found that the Sputnik-V COVID vaccine elicits both robust antibody and T-cell responses. The research suggests that long-term immunity is possible, supporting the effectiveness of the vaccine against local virus variants.
Scientists summarize current state of land carbon data assimilation and outline mathematical principles for optimal fusion with models and observations. Emerging opportunities include fusing multisource observations into a coherent carbon data assimilation system.
A recent Johns Hopkins Medicine-led study suggests that statin use is not beneficial for reducing COVID-19 mortality or severity. Instead, patients taking statins had an increased risk of developing a more severe form of the disease. The researchers found no significant impact on mortality rates.
Researchers found nearly all employees with a history of severe allergic reactions could become fully vaccinated, despite higher reported symptoms. The study suggests COVID-19 vaccines are safe for individuals with high-risk allergy histories.
Researchers at Duke University developed electrochromic technology that can alternate between harvesting heat from sunlight and allowing an object to cool. The device, which uses a thin layer of graphene and metal nanoparticles, demonstrates a tuning range of thermal radiation never seen before.
Researchers from KTH Royal Institute of Technology have developed a synthetic alloy that increases perovskite cells' durability while preserving energy conversion performance. The new material can survive for several minutes completely immersed in water, retaining its efficiency for over 100 days after manufacturing.
Researchers found that exogenous phosphatidic acid protects against liver injury caused by acetaminophen overdose. PA activates interleukin-6 signaling, which is crucial for reducing liver damage.
A new study suggests that novel obesity treatments such as modulation of the gut microbiome and gene therapy could help end the obesity epidemic. However, lack of insurance coverage and cost issues create barriers to treatment. Researchers are working on developing safer and more effective medications with fewer side effects.
A new study found that thrombocytopenia, elevated serum total bilirubin level, and enlarged right atrium are independent predictors of all-cause death in patients undergoing the Maze IV procedure. Additionally, these factors also predict recurrent atrial fibrillation.
Researchers shed light on the evolution of mammalian tusks by tracing them back to ancient mammal relatives called dicynodonts. Dicynodonts had protruding tusks in their upper jaws, but they were not always true tusks – instead, some had enamel-coated teeth that did not fit the definition.
Researchers used whole-body magnetic resonance imaging to detect diabetes based on fat distribution patterns. The study showed that lower abdominal fat accumulation is an important indicator of diabetes pathogenesis, allowing for better preventive and therapeutic options.
Researchers estimated death rates for US pregnant and recently pregnant women from 2015 to 2019, finding a significant increase in mortality rates during the pandemic. The study also revealed that Black women were disproportionately affected by maternal mortality.
Research by University of Colorado Boulder found that women's representation in national legislatures drives spending on education and healthcare. Spending increases sharply when women occupy 15-35% of seats, but levels off beyond 40%. The study suggests critical mass theory is not dead.
A new study published in Scientific Reports found that lack of sleep affects gait control, with students who stayed awake all night performing poorly. However, those who compensated for lost sleep by catching up on weekends showed improved walking control.
A large-scale study characterized 585 strains of the Xanthomonas perforans bacterium in Florida commercial tomato fields, finding associations between farms and transplant facilities as key points of pathogen spread. This research provides insights into the diversity of the pathogen population and potential control strategies for farmers.
Researchers have developed a tiny chip-based device that uses two-mode squeezing to create unconditional entanglement between continuous optical fields. The new microcomb has been tested and found to exhibit raw squeezing of 1.6 dB, with potential for further improvement by reducing system losses.
A polyphenol-rich diet improves intestinal permeability in old people by modifying the intestinal microbiota and serum metabolome. The study, conducted over eight weeks, showed significant improvements in gut barrier function, with increased production of butyrate-producing bacteria and decreased zonulin levels.
Researchers found that Al atoms in FER-type zeolites are constrained at T1 and/or T3 sites, leading to inactive Brønsted acid centers. This limits the catalytic performance of FER-type zeolites compared to MOR-type zeolites.
A new study found that a UK government subsidy aimed at boosting restaurant sales during the pandemic accelerated a second wave of COVID-19 infections. The 'Eat-Out-To-Help-Out' scheme subsidized meals by up to 50% and saw a significant increase in restaurant visits, particularly on weekdays.
Researchers have opened a novel study for a vaccine aimed at preventing triple-negative breast cancer, the most aggressive and lethal form of the disease. The phase I trial will determine the maximum tolerated dose of the vaccine in patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer.
A study published in Current Biology found that a mutation affecting the expression of a key carotenoid pigment gene is responsible for the yellow color of some Darwin's finch nestlings. The genetic basis for this variation was poorly understood, but researchers were able to identify the underlying mechanism using modern genetic tools.
The 'transforming irrigation in southern Africa' project empowers farmers with knowledge and tools to grow high-yielding crops while minimizing water usage. By providing basic field books to calculate costs and profits, farmers are conserving water and saving time.
A study in China finds that the country's tiered pricing reform has reduced residential electricity use by 6.5 kWh per household on a county-level basis, accounting for 6.1% of monthly usage prior to the reform. The policy change also shows promise as a tool for guiding residents to use electricity more efficiently.
Researchers at the University of Notre Dame have developed an all-printed piezoelectric wearable device that detects hand gestures and heartbeats without an external power source. The device utilizes a new hybrid printing method combining multi-material aerosol jet printing and extrusion printing.
Researchers have shown a new way to probe the properties of anyons, strange quasiparticles that could be useful in future quantum computers. By measuring subtle properties of heat conductance, they can detect anyons even in non-conducting materials.
Experts say that connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) can reduce road casualties, but require a framework for ethical goals to meet their potential. The introduction of CAVs will depend on the development of new rules and regulations.
Researchers describe disassembly of Drosophila fly trachea during metamorphosis, revealing two-stage process involving cell shrinkage and death. The study highlights intricate involvement of physical mechanisms and biological signalling in regulating cellular decisions.
A Brazilian study demonstrates that a hyperimmune serum consisting of purified antibody fragments produced in horses can be an efficient approach to combat covid-19. The neutralizing activity of the sera has been proved to be high against the P.1 (Gamma) and P.2 variants, improving animal clinical conditions in hamsters.
Scientists at the University of Colorado School of Medicine have identified specific genetic biomarkers in blood samples that can indicate the severity of COVID-19. The study's findings suggest that these signals can be used to monitor SARS-CoV-2 status and predict clinical outcomes.
Researchers developed a novel sensor that can detect SARS-CoV-2 proteins without antibodies, giving results within minutes. The technology enables rapid diagnostics for Covid-19 and future pandemics, reducing economic loss.
A new study published in Psychological Science found that moral views concerning recreational drugs and openness to noncommitted sex are approximately 50% heritable, with the remaining 50% explained by unique environment. The researchers also discovered substantial overlap in genetic effects underlying both factors.
A new study found that facemask ventilation during routine surgery does not significantly increase the risk of COVID-19 transmission compared to normal breathing or coughing. The procedure is considered low-risk and should not delay or slow down surgery.
A recent study by Washington State University researchers found that 75% of new first-year college students experience some level of pet separation anxiety, with one in four reporting moderate to severe symptoms. Students who treated their pets like people were more likely to experience high levels of anxiety.
Researchers developed a device that uses light to manipulate and isolate individual viruses, enabling precise diagnosis, treatment, and study of viruses. The device has the potential to aid in vaccine development and research on SARS-CoV-2 virus, allowing for targeted analysis of specific virus mutants.
A new report reveals that cancer patients in the US bear a significant financial burden, with total out-of-pocket costs reaching over $21 billion in 2019. The majority of these costs are associated with breast and prostate cancers, which are among the most prevalent types in the country.
Scientists found ancient bacteria in permafrost resistant to streptomycin, spectinomycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline. Genome analysis revealed limited differences between ancient and modern strains, suggesting a potential threat to human health due to global warming.
Researchers describe how cancer cells exploit genetic and cellular processes to promote tumor survival and growth. The study found that aneuploidy, a condition of abnormal chromosome number, intersects with the stress response mechanism in cancer cells, leading to immune cell dysregulation.
A new study found that main renal artery plus branch ablation improves blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension, a condition where traditional treatments fail. The procedure, which involves denervating the kidney's sympathetic nerves, showed promising results with no significant long-term benefits.
Researchers developed a novel spintronic-metasurface terahertz emitter that generates broadband, circularly polarized, and coherent terahertz waves. The design offers flexible manipulation of the polarization state and helicity with magnetic fields, enabling efficient generation and control of chiral terahertz waves.
The grant aims to educate diverse students for vital jobs in public health informatics and technology. UMass Lowell will offer new undergraduate and graduate programs, as well as certificates, to increase representation from underrepresented communities in the public health IT workforce.
A team of scientists successfully created a form of artificial vision for a blind woman using a prosthesis hardwired into her brain. The Moran|Cortivis Prosthesis enabled Gómez to identify lines, shapes, and simple letters evoked by different patterns of stimulation.
Research identified a deficit in activation of positive valence processing soon after trauma, suggesting its role in resilience to PTSD. The study found that decreased activity in the ventral striatum predicted more severe PTSD symptoms at 14 months.
A new study analyzes when a low-to-no-snow future might arrive and its implications for water management. If greenhouse gas emissions continue, low-to-no-snow winters will become regular occurrences in the western U.S. in 35 to 60 years.
A rhythmic approach to music therapy is being tested to improve fine motor skills in Parkinson's patients. The therapy uses specific combinations of rhythm and movement to reprogram brain frequencies, with promising results so far.
A new study found that couples in the Houston area experienced a significant increase in relationship satisfaction after Hurricane Harvey, despite previous research suggesting stress spillover would decrease satisfaction. The researchers discovered that those who were unhappy before the hurricane saw the largest jumps in satisfaction.
Researchers found that hepatitis C treatment reduces the activity of proteins involved in cirrhosis, potentially indicating an early sign of liver recovery. The study suggests a possible pathway toward healing scarred liver tissue after virus elimination.
Researchers use physical reservoir computing to teach robots to think like humans by simulating brain signals. The system enables goal-directed behavior without additional learning, highlighting a potential breakthrough in AI development.
Researchers developed a new method to locate groundwater using satellite imagery, geospatial techniques, and GIS. The technique identifies most effective recharge zones as those with numerous rock fractures, low drainage, and gentle slopes.
The study investigates popular music's influence on everyday life and its embedding in cinema, tracing the lives of musicians like Franz Grothe under Nazi rule. It also explores the evolution of marching rhythms and swing elements in German popular music during this period.
Researchers developed a molecular agent that can target lung and other cancer cells for imaging and treatment, distinguishing between healthy and cancerous cells. The new approach uses a unique chemistry method to tune the reactivity of the molecule, avoiding off-target effects.
Cadmium exposure has been linked to an increased risk of developing allergies, particularly asthma, in children. Researchers found that gut bacteria over-produce an enzyme degrading vitamin D after cadmium ingestion, mimicking a deficiency, leading to enhanced allergic reactions.
A study of nearly 53,000 healthcare employees found that individuals with a history of high-risk allergies were more likely to experience allergic reactions after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. Despite this increased risk, nearly all participants safely received their vaccinations.