Research finds that online dating app tailoring affects users' perceptions of recommended partners. Users who provide information about their partner preferences tend to identify more date-worthy partners, while those without experience benefit from customizing their preferences.
Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have discovered a new path forward for processing titanium. Cryo-forging at ultra-low temperatures produces extra-strong nanotwinned titanium with improved strength and ductility. The material maintains its structure and properties at extreme temperatures, demonstrating its versatility.
A Michigan Medicine study found that perinatal mood and anxiety disorders are associated with significantly higher rates of first-time cesarean deliveries among low-risk pregnant women. The study suggests that identifying and treating these disorders in pregnant women may help reduce the risk of cesarean section deliveries.
ImCheck's ICT01 selectively activates Vγ9Vδ2 T cells through all three isoforms of BTN3A, overcoming prior limitations. The therapy demonstrates anti-tumor activity in solid and hematologic cancer models.
A study published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences provides immediate actions for the world's largest coral restoration program. Researchers found significant variation in the heat tolerance of staghorn corals, with certain strains exhibiting higher resistance to warming oceans.
CABI has been awarded a $4.5 million contract from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to increase capacity for managing FAIR data standards. The project aims to ensure available data on agricultural development is based upon Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable principles.
A study of cross-cultural differences in COVID-19 knowledge and attitudes found that people in Europe and the US had the lowest knowledge and adherence to safety measures. In contrast, people in the Middle East and Asia were more aware of COVID-19 and took greater precautions.
Researchers discovered that nickel can catalyze the cross-coupling of aryl ethers through a nickelate anion. This reaction pathway relies on the formation and stability of the catalyst, providing an alternative to traditional palladium-catalyzed cross-couplings.
Researchers quantified COVID-19 vaccine uptake disparities by race and ethnicity within US states, revealing substantial coverage gaps among older adults. The study's findings underscore the need for targeted vaccination strategies to address these disparities.
The UK's new visa for Hong Kongers is framed as a haven for Britain's former colonial subjects, but Professor Michaela Benson warns of 'undoubtedly colonialist overtones'. The visa scheme has been criticized for its selective nature and perceived biases towards certain migrants.
A multi-year study found that both short and long sleepers experience greater cognitive decline than those who slept a moderate amount. Researchers separated out the effects of poor sleep and Alzheimer's disease on cognition, suggesting a middle range or 'sweet spot' for total sleep time where cognitive performance is stable over time....
Researchers found that people's pupils dilate more in response to metaphors than to literal or concrete statements. The study suggests that everyday metaphors, often considered clichés, play a significant role in engaging our brains and conveying richer meaning.
The study of 686 Finnish women found that postmenopausal bone loss is approximately 10% over a 25-year period. Taking hormone replacement therapy and gaining weight during follow-up were linked to lower postmenopausal bone loss rates.
Researchers identify a hydrogen utilization pathway for the electrocatalytic hydrogenation of phenol, improving its efficiency with PtRh/MCN bimetallic catalysts. The study shows that specific adsorption of phenol enhances intrinsic activity for producing adsorbed hydrogen from water electrolysis.
Researchers identified a protein leakage related to chronic airway diseases, which restricts breathing. Decreasing this leakage could improve asthma and COPD management by relaxing airways.
A new study found a 1.1-percentage-point increase in stillbirths and a 0.72-percentage-point increase in newborn deaths in Nigeria during the pandemic. This increase of 22% and 23%, respectively, threatens the hard-won gains in child survival made over the past two decades.
A study published in Science Translational Medicine reveals that blocking the excess production of MIF could lead to disease remission and prevent disability and mortality linked to SpA. Researchers have successfully tested a MIF blocker, called MIF098, in pre-clinical models.
A study in Brazil's Santos city showed that citizen science collaboration between civil society and academia can achieve progress toward ocean conservation goals. The project developed a methodology for integrating civil society and academia, including training and validation of monitoring protocols.
The study found that advances in iron metallurgy, horse riding, and agricultural productivity played a significant role in the development of military machines. Mega-empires emerged as societies supporting tens of millions of inhabitants and covering vast territories.
A new study suggests that vigorous exercise during leisure time is not associated with an increased risk of developing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, intense physical activity at work hours was linked to a higher risk, possibly due to repetitive motion or exposure to chemicals. Moderate exercise, even after symptoms begi...
The study shows that COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness is substantial in adolescents, with a 93% decrease in symptomatic cases and a 90% decrease in documented infections after the second dose. Vaccine effectiveness was lower but still significant before the second dose.
Scientists developed a cascade-responsive nanobomb that generates multiple severe ROS storms at the tumor site, effectively inhibiting tumor growth and preventing metastasis. The device uses a domino effect to activate systemic immune responses while minimizing external energy stimulation.
Researchers found that excess carbohydrates can lead to metabolic distress by blocking the synthesis of important antioxidants and increasing insulin levels. This study provides new insights into the relationship between carbohydrate overfeeding and metabolic health.
A mathematical model based on 30 years of pollen data predicts a decline in pollination in Bavarian forests due to climate change. The study forecasts a reduction in birch trees in the region by the end of the century, with warmer summers initially favoring pollen production but ultimately leading to a decline in plant populations.
Researchers have discovered that red blood cells bind to cell-free DNA during sepsis and COVID-19, leading to their removal from circulation and triggering inflammation. This finding opens the door to new treatments for inflammatory diseases and acute anemia.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine shows that vaccination is over 90% effective in preventing deaths from the Delta variant of Covid-19. The Pfizer-BioNTech and Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccines were found to be highly effective, with the former showing a 90% effectiveness rate and the latter at 91%.
A meta-analysis of pooled estimates found that healthcare professionals exhibit implicit weight bias, but the extent and nature of this bias are mixed. The study highlights the importance of addressing weight bias in healthcare settings to improve patient care and outcomes.
Research found that individuals with higher anxiety levels have altered perceptions of their breathing, reduced sensitivity to changes, and altered brain activity. This can lead to a negative cycle of emotions, creating even more anxiety. The study aims to improve treatment strategies by understanding how body perception affects anxiety.
Researchers successfully implanted a microelectrode array in the visual cortex of a blind volunteer, allowing her to identify lines, shapes and simple letters. The implant stimulated neurons to produce phosphenes, creating an image and demonstrating safety and efficacy.
A new study found that telephone cognitive behavioral therapy can effectively improve sleeplessness and pain in older adults with osteoarthritis-related insomnia, reducing clinical and financial burdens. The study showed that telephone CBT reduced healthcare costs without increasing them.
Researchers investigated whether continued magnetic seizure therapy (MST) could effectively prevent the relapse of treatment-resistant depression. The study found that MST was associated with a lower relapse rate compared to earlier research assessing one-time, acute MST.
A new study published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings found that patients with acute kidney injury who receive continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) have a high incidence of needing CRRT reinstitution after removal. This contributes to poor 90-day outcomes. Successful CRRT liberation is marginally associated with fewer major adverse k...
A study of 2,329 academic journals found a significant gender gap in manuscript submissions during the first COVID-19 wave, with women submitting fewer papers than men, especially in health and medicine.
A new study found that retired male elite rugby union players aged 50+ who suffered three or more rugby-related concussions during their career have no worse average cognitive function than those with no, one, or two concussions. However, over-75s with a history of multiple concussions showed significantly worse cognitive function on a...
Researchers analyzed primary sludge from a Connecticut wastewater treatment plant, revealing trends in pandemic-related chemicals like hydroxychloroquine. The study found increases in drugs of abuse and antidepressants, as well as seasonal changes in sunscreen chemicals.
A study led by Ludovic Orlando found that modern domestic horses were first domesticated in the Pontic-Caspian steppes around 2000-2200 BC. The genetic profile of these horses spread rapidly across Eurasia, replacing other horse populations and facilitating their conquest of the region.
Dampwood termites exhibit brain changes in anticipation of cognitive demand, specifically in visual processing regions. This experience-expectant plasticity is seen before the individual molts into a king or queen, highlighting the insects' adaptability and unique role within the colony.
A VCU study found that people with advanced liver scarring caused by obesity and diabetes are dying from liver disease, underscoring the need for new treatments. The research provides a roadmap for future therapies to prevent liver transplants and save lives.
Plant biologists at Washington University in St. Louis have developed the first artificial scaffolds that can support individual plant cells, mimicking the properties of plant cell walls. The scaffolds demonstrate promising results for studying plant cell adhesion and growth.
Researchers from The University of Electro-Communications and Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology found that sintering porous media inside heat transfer tubes increases the area available for heat exchange, reducing thermal resistance and enhancing heat transfer performance. Heat transfer in these tubes is five times greater...
A new analysis spanning 10,000 years of history and ten major world regions found that world population size, major technological advances, and geographical connectivity are key drivers of military technology evolution. The study's methodology employed a resource called Seshat: Global History Databank to empirically test prior hypotheses.
Researchers found that humanlike chatbots raise unrealistic expectations, leading to lower satisfaction and purchase intentions in angry customers. To mitigate this effect, companies should deploy non-humanlike chatbots in customer service situations where customers tend to be angry.
Researchers develop conductive, wash-durable yarn for wearable heaters using poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and poly(4-styrenesulfonate). The treated yarn can distribute heat at a safe operating voltage when sewn into fabric, providing steady warmth even in cold conditions.
Older adults who lived at home with family and friends were more likely to be discharged home after surgery. Patients who relied on informal caregivers had a higher risk of readmission, highlighting the importance of their role in post-operative care.
A randomised controlled trial found that increasing daily milk, yoghurt, and cheese intake reduced the risk of all fractures by 33%, hip fractures by 46%, and falls by 11% among older adults in residential care. This approach has widespread implications for fracture prevention as a public health measure.
KAUST researchers propose a radical new mechanism for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) formation, which consumes fewer radicals than current hypotheses. The mechanism involves resonance-stabilized radicals, allowing successive addition reactions to occur without activation.
A team of scientists has discovered that male-female differences in protein expression occur immediately after embryonic cells become heart cells called cardiomyocytes. This finding provides new opportunities for research into cardiac disease and treatment, as well as advancing the biological study of sex differences.
Researchers at Buck Institute will identify and characterize senescent cells in human ovaries, breast tissue, and skeletal muscle to better understand their role in age-related diseases. The study aims to develop therapeutics to improve human health by quelling the damaging effects of senescent cells.
A recent study published in Global Change Biology found that declines of Pacific salmon and trout are associated with 40 years of changes in their combined marine and freshwater ecosystems. The study reveals that stressors in both environments combine to impact fish resiliency, resulting in lower survival rates in rivers and the sea.
A recent study from Penn State and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has discovered a natural protein called lanmodulin that can recover and purify radioactive metals like actinium. The protein-based approach simplifies the purification process, reduces costs, and enables the production of higher-purity actinium.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have found that immune checkpoint inhibitors can generate promising results in patients with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LMD), a rare complication of cancer. The treatment showed increased activity in cancer-killing immune cells and expression of particular genes within cells.
The study utilizes gas-phase electrophoresis (GEMMA) to separate nanovesicles from proteins in natural samples. This allows for accurate attribution of effects to transport vesicles, crucial for understanding cellular communication and metabolism. The method has significant implications for extracellular vesicle research and its releva...
A new instrument at the Advanced Light Source enables simultaneous measurement of crystal structure and optical properties during perovskite synthesis. This allows for real-time monitoring of material quality and performance, leading to potentially more efficient solar cells.
A potential new therapy for urinary tract infections has been discovered using the FDA-approved anti-inflammatory drug dimethyl fumarate, which activates the NRF2 pathway. This balance between eliminating bacteria and minimizing tissue damage is crucial to treating UTIs.
A team of physicists created 'droploids', self-propelled droplets containing colloidal particles that act as internal motors. The researchers used laser light to activate the system, creating a feedback loop that propels the droplets forward.
Researchers create red biosensor R-CatchER that directly monitors calcium activity at specific locations within a cell, aiding in understanding molecular basis of human diseases. The discovery could aid in better understanding of disease mechanisms and development of new drug discovery tools.
A study on over 100 species found that climate change affects animal behavior, including changes in aggression, activity, and sociability. The researchers believe that behavioral changes can serve as a buffer for animals to avoid negative effects of environmental change.
A recent study in Nature Sustainability explores sustainable pathways for China's increasing food demand while balancing trade and environmental impacts. The research highlights the importance of integrating global optimization towards SDGs to address challenges such as food security, water shortage, and greenhouse gas emissions.
Researchers from Regenstrief Institute found that Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information Systems (PROMIS) scales for depression can accurately diagnose and track patient symptoms. The study showed similar accuracy to the widely adopted PHQ-9 scale, supporting PROMIS as a viable screening option.
Agricultural runoff from fertilizer is converted into nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas, in rivers and streams. Researchers found that denitrification efficiency and streambed conditions significantly impact N2O emissions, offering potential avenues for reducing climate change.