Researchers discovered how neurons in a small area of the brain filter distracting signals to coordinate dexterous movements. The findings may hold lessons for building better prosthetics and robots that can fine-tune their movements based on sensory input.
Researchers have demonstrated a new wavelength-tunable, silicon photon-pair source integrated with a pump rejection filter in a single CMOS chip. The device represents an important step toward an entangled photon source that incorporates active photonic devices and feedback control circuits on the same CMOS chip.
A 13-year-long study finds that fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) coatings can sustain concrete structures for extended periods. The study tested FRP and glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) systems under various environmental conditions, revealing significant impact on bond behavior.
Rice materials scientists develop a method to print arbitrary 3D shapes, creating micro-scale electronic, mechanical and photonic devices. The process involves two-photon polymerization and doping with rare earth salts for photoluminescent properties.
A new methodology creates a watershed-scale flood model based on LiDAR data, providing precise elevation readings and riverbed depth information. The system can predict flood conditions and provide warnings to area residents, making it applicable to large rivers and smaller streams.
A team of scientists from Germany develops a novel all-fiber based endoscopic set-up for multimodal non-linear endoscopy, allowing for the reliable assessment of tissue and successful surgery. The probe enables label-free tissue diagnostics, including tumor margin detection, and has the potential to improve patient care and reduce costs.
Research by Karolinska Institutet suggests that longer breastfeeding and later introduction to gluten may reduce the risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The study analyzed 5,935 articles and found a significant protective effect against the disease.
A team of bioinformaticians at Friedrich Schiller University Jena developed a method to identify small active substance molecules using machine-learning methods. They successfully identified 11 new, previously unknown bile acids in mice using this approach.
A study found that snakes rapidly diversified their diets following the K-Pg mass extinction event, incorporating birds, fish, and small mammals into their diet. This diversification was triggered by ecological opportunities presented by the extinction, with some lineages experiencing further bursts of adaptive evolution.
Researchers found that tweets with negative valence and consumer orientation generate permanent price impacts, while those with positive valence and competitor orientation increase temporary price impacts. Firms can design social media content to improve firm value by incorporating attributes such as valence and subject matter.
The University of Missouri is developing an online certificate program for clinical engineers through a $2.6 million grant from the Missouri Department of Higher Education and Workforce Development. The program aims to increase the number of trained and qualified clinical engineers in the workforce, particularly in rural communities.
Researchers at Georgia State University found that singing and imagining improvised music elicits the same flow-like brain states as when musicians are actually performing. The study used fMRI data to identify how a musician's brain reconfigures connectivity depending on the degree of creativity required during jazz performances.
A new study identified thousands of protein connections to various human diseases, suggesting a common origin in the genome. This approach linked genetic variations to specific proteins, providing insights into disease mechanisms and potential treatment strategies.
A University of Queensland study found that people exposed to higher amounts of the insecticide Malathion have a 25% higher risk of kidney dysfunction. Chronic kidney disease is a permanent condition characterized by loss of renal function and is often associated with age, hypertension, and diabetes.
Researchers developed a computational method to estimate new infection rates from genomic sequences, revealing decreased case detection in Europe during summer 2020 due to relaxed testing criteria. The study also highlights the effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 spread.
Researchers found that vitamin D supplementation with calcidiol increased the expression of genes related to cell adhesion and migration, pathogen recognition, and pathogen killing in dairy cows. This suggests a possible link between vitamin D and enhanced immune function, particularly during early lactation.
Researchers at VCU used fMRI to examine brain activity of couples experiencing intimate partner aggression, finding a unique brain signature in the medial prefrontal cortex. The study also found that blunted activity in this region predicted real-world acts of intimate partner violence.
A large population study found that statin treatment was associated with a slightly lower risk of dying from COVID-19. The results suggest a moderate prophylactic effect on mortality, supporting the continued use of statins for conditions like cardiovascular disease and high blood lipids.
Researchers at LMU have identified a new silencing factor for ERV genes, enabling the formation of condensed chromatin structures that inhibit activation. This discovery sheds light on the role of histone variants in regulating gene expression and may have implications for treating autoimmune diseases and cancers.
A new study aggregates evidence from experiments on performance incentives globally, finding that men and women respond similarly to rewards for achieving performance objectives. The study suggests that performance pay boosts productivity for both genders across various contexts and program designs.
Scientists from the University of Tsukuba have developed a new technique to preserve Drosophila primordial germ cells, which can be used to produce new offspring. The cryopreserved PGCs were found to be effective after up to 400 days of long-term storage.
A new composite ink composed of ceramic particles in polymer acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) has been developed to make foldable electronics easier and cheaper to manufacture. The ink enables the creation of flexible, large-area dielectric substrates suitable for millimeter-wave devices, including 5G antennas.
A high intake of alpha linolenic acid (ALA), found in nuts, seeds, and plant oils, is associated with a lower risk of death from all causes and diseases of the heart and blood vessels. However, further studies are needed to confirm the association with cancer mortality.
Researchers have developed chimeric exosomes that co-activate the immune system to combat tumors. The therapy targets solid tumors, where the immune cells are often compromised, and improves treatment outcomes for patients.
A new study by Carnegie Mellon University researchers found that Airbnb units cause a mild decrease in long-term rental supply, including affordable housing, while expanding the rental market. The study suggests a new tax to alleviate resulting inequities and maintain social equality.
A recent study published in PaleoAmerica journal challenges the long-held theory that Native Americans originated from Japan. The research, led by Professor Richard Scott, analyzed genetics and skeletal biology of teeth samples from multiple continents, finding little connection between the Jomon people and Native Americans.
A new OSU study reveals that sunscreen containing zinc oxide loses its effectiveness and becomes toxic after just two hours of exposure to ultraviolet radiation. The research used zebrafish to test the toxicity of photodegradation products, finding significant increases in defects in the fish.
A new study by Washington State University scientists finds that people living in areas with humid-heat extremes are bearing the brunt of the impact. The researchers identify a greater increase in population exposure to humid-heat as compared to dry-heat, emphasizing the importance of understanding humidity changes in a warming world.
Wildlife trade is a pervasive issue affecting ecosystems, economies, and human well-being. IUWT can drive biodiversity loss, invasive species, and zoonotic diseases, highlighting the need for cooperation and sustainable management.
A team of scientists has found that IgA antibodies, a natural defense substance in the human body, can limit the fitness of benign bacteria in the intestine. This discovery helps maintain a delicate balance between the human organism and the intestinal flora.
A study found that nearly 70% of surveyed healthcare workers in Ghana and Kenya experienced stress and burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic. The researchers suggest that perceived preparedness plays a crucial role in mitigating these negative effects on job satisfaction.
Researchers have developed a new approach to deliver therapeutic nucleic acids using nanoparticles coated with antibodies. This system targets cancer cells while sparing normal cells, showing improved efficacy and reduced toxicity compared to previous methods.
A Swedish study of over 2 million women found preterm delivery significantly increases future risks of chronic high blood pressure. The association remains strong even 40 years later.
A new study finds that massive columns of smoke from a nuclear war would destroy much of the ozone layer over a 15-year period, with peak ozone loss averaging about 75% worldwide. This would lead to devastating effects on human health and food supplies, as well as terrestrial ecosystems.
A recent study by the Smidt Heart Institute found that middle-aged and older women are being diagnosed with 'broken heart' syndrome more frequently—up to 10 times more often—than younger women or men of any age. The incidence has been rising steadily since before the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting a possible link between stressors, brai...
A study led by Dr. Satish Raj is investigating individuals with autonomic problems after recovering from COVID-19, finding common disorders such as orthostatic hypotension and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. Researchers aim to find viable treatments for debilitating symptoms affecting daily life.
New research highlights the potential of telehealth to increase patient engagement through improved access and convenience. However, studies found limited evidence that telehealth results in better retention or outcomes compared to in-person treatment. Researchers emphasize the need for more empirical work to confirm its benefits.
Researchers at UTA explore artificial ferroelectric materials to engineer smart mechanical behaviors using light and machine learning. They plan to create tunable free energy landscapes with varied materials and thicknesses, paving the way for various applications.
Biologists found that a mother roundworm's response to heat stress affects not only her offspring but also their children. The researchers discovered a protein called HSF1 that collaborates with mechanisms to establish stress memory in eggs, which are then passed on through conception.
Researchers detected giant gas planet with Jupiter-like orbit around white dwarf star, confirming planets can exist beyond star death; study suggests Jupiter and Saturn may survive Sun's red giant phase.
Researchers have developed a novel data storage method using mixtures of fluorescent dyes, which can store binary information at high density with fast read/write speeds. The technique encodes sequences of 0s and 1s into dye molecules, allowing for the storage of digital information for thousands of years or longer.
Researchers at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre have successfully delivered antibody therapy to breast cancer metastases in the brain using focused ultrasound. The treatment, which temporarily opens the blood-brain barrier, has shown promising results with tumor size reductions of up to 21% in patients.
A recent study by Brigham and Women's Hospital found that pandemic-related grief and depressive symptoms are associated with lower levels of mother-infant bonding. Higher self-efficacy and social support were also linked to better bonding outcomes, while anxiety symptoms were not a significant factor.
A team of astrophysicists led by Martin Turbet from UNIGE and NCCR PlanetS found that Venus's climate conditions prevented the formation of oceans. The study suggests that the Earth could have suffered a similar fate if it had been closer to the Sun or had weaker radiation in its youth.
A team at Tampere University has created a metamaterial eENZ mirror that can control the correlation properties of light, switching between high and low correlation states. By manipulating polarization, they achieve near-perfect coherence switching.
A comprehensive review of formula milk trials found that only 17% were conducted independently of formula companies, and most had a high risk of bias due to selective reporting. The researchers call for substantial changes in the conduct and reporting of formula trials to protect participants from harm.
The study will assess the impact of environmental and economic interventions on health and well-being in predominantly Black neighborhoods. Researchers will enroll 720 adults, half receiving the proposed interventions, and evaluate their overall health and wellbeing, as well as violent crime rates.
Researchers developed a quick test to identify beneficial bacteria species known to benefit coral, allowing for non-invasive assessment of coral health. The method enables rapid detection of specific bacterial species in seawater and coral samples, suggesting that the bacteria may be concentrated in coral.
A team of scientists has created a novel material composed of catenane molecules, which can adsorb and desorb gas molecules like carbon dioxide. The soft crystal exhibits unique properties, including porosity and deformability, making it suitable for applications such as capturing CO2 molecules.
Physicists have made the most precise measurement yet of a neutron's lifetime, revealing that it lives 14.629 minutes with an uncertainty of 0.005 minutes. This result brings scientists closer to understanding why two previous methods disagree and could provide evidence for new physics.
A recent study from Lund University reveals that inadequate infrastructure hindered the adoption of electric cars in the early 20th century. Electric cars were cheaper to drive and emitted less CO2 than gasoline cars, but access to local electrical infrastructure was a major factor in their popularity.
A study found that plasma cell-free miR-181c and tissue expression of miR-21, -210 accurately diagnose pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PA) with high accuracy. Further research is needed to validate its utility as a biomarker for PA diagnosis and monitoring.
Two independent studies illuminate unexpected substructures in fundamental components of all matter. One study presents new evidence on the EMC effect by tagging spectator neutrons, offering direct insight into its origin. Meanwhile, a team from Fermilab found evidence that antimatter asymmetry plays a crucial role in nucleon properties.
A new study led by a University of Maine graduate student found that 50% fewer frogs died from vehicle collisions in spring 2020 compared to previous years. This decline was part of a broader reduction in animal road fatalities during the pandemic, similar to findings in other studies worldwide.
Researchers at KTH Royal Institute of Technology developed an ultrasound-assisted extraction method for valuable metals from electric car batteries, reducing extraction time by 50% and increasing metal ion recovery. The new process uses gentler acids and eliminates the need for harsh chemicals.
A new study found that veterans with PTSD who are nearing the end of life experience increased trauma-related memories and PTSD symptoms. This has significant implications for their care and coping mechanisms, particularly in the context of dementia or delirium.
New data shows black and Asian doctors are underrepresented in NHS jobs in London, with white applicants receiving 6x more offers. The figures highlight the persistence of discrimination against minority groups in medical recruitment.
The StEER Network's post-event reconnaissance helped assess building damage from Hurricane Michael, revealing widespread wind- and surge-induced damage. The dataset has been used to develop data-driven fragilities, train machine learning applications, and inform policy and practice improvements for coastal communities.
The cost of establishing laboratories to track antimicrobial resistance in Southeast Asian hospitals is substantial, making it challenging for many countries to implement such programs. Financial support is crucial to overcome these costs and provide effective antimicrobial resistance monitoring.
A University of Kansas study examined three key cognitive functions in teaching writing to Hispanic English learners, revealing word retrieval skills, verbal language skills, and working memory are crucial for success. The research highlights the negative effects of a lack of bilingual education on these students' writing abilities.